1、Designation: A1044/A1044M 05 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forSteel Stud Assemblies for Shear Reinforcement ofConcrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1044/A1044M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers steel stud assemblies for shearreinforcement of concrete. Stud assem
3、blies consist of eithersingle-headed studs attached to a steel base rail by welding, ordouble-headed studs mechanically crimped into a steel shape.NOTE 1The configuration of the studs for stud assemblies is muchdifferent than the configuration of the headed-type studs prescribed inSection 7, Figure
4、7.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M. Ratios of the cross-sectionalareas of the head-to-shank of the AWS D1.1/D1.1M studs range fromabout 2.5 to 4. In contrast, this specification requires the area of the headof the studs for stud assemblies to be at least 10 times the area of theshank. Thus, the standard headed-t
5、ype studs in Section 7, Figure 7.1 ofAWS D1.1/D1.1M do not conform to the requirements of this specifica-tion for use as stud assemblies for shear reinforcement.1.2 This specification is applicable for orders in eitherinch-pound units or in SI units.1.3 The values stated either in inch-pound or SI u
6、nits are tobe regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shownin brackets. The values stated in each system are not exactequivalents; therefore, each system must be used indepen-dently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with this specificatio
7、n.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products2.2 AWS Standard:AWS D1.1/D1.1M-2004 St
8、ructural Welding CodeSteel32.3 U.S. Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage4MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage42.4 U.S. Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific
9、to This Standard:3.1.1 headed stud, na steel bar used in the reinforcementof concrete that has a head formed at one or both ends.3.1.2 base rail, nthe steel shape or plate that a group ofheaded studs is attached to by welding or other means.3.1.2.1 DiscussionStud assemblies comprised of single-heade
10、d studs require a base rail; the base rail acts as a structuralelement to provide anchorage to the concrete. For stud assem-blies in which double-headed studs are mechanically crimpedinto a base rail, for example, into a steel channel, the base railis not required to provide anchorage to the concret
11、e; thepurpose of the base rail is to hold the studs in the appropriatelocation, direction, and spacing until the concrete is cast.4. Ordering Information4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specifyall requirements that are necessary for material ordered to thisspecification. Such r
12、equirements shall include but are notlimited to the following:4.1.1 Name of product: stud assemblies for shear reinforce-ment of concrete,4.1.2 Quantity of studs by diameter,4.1.3 Number of heads per stud,4.1.4 Dimensions of base rail, if included,4.1.5 Overall height of stud assembly,4.1.6 Number o
13、f studs per each assembly and their spacing(see Note 2),4.1.7 Packaging, and4.1.8 ASTM designation and year of issue.NOTE 2In the case of ordering studs rather than assemblies, the lengthof the studs should be specified such that the appropriate height of the studassembly is achieved.1This specifica
14、tion is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in
15、 2005 as A1044/A1044M 05.DOI: 10.1520/A1044_A1044M-05R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Ava
16、ilable from The American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
17、9428-2959, United States.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Headed studs shall be manufactured from steel conform-ing to Specification A29/A29M, Grades 1010 through 1020.The stud material shall conform to the requirements for tensileproperties prescribed in Table 1.5.2 Base Rails:5.2.1 For stud assembl
18、ies in which the studs are welded toa base rail, the base rail material shall conform to 5.2.1.1,5.2.1.2,or5.2.1.3.5.2.1.1 The base rail material, except for tensile properties,shall conform to Specification A36/A36M or equivalent. Thebase rail material shall conform to the requirements for tensilep
19、roperties prescribed in Table 2.5.2.1.2 Base rail material conforming to the minimumrequired tensile properties in Specification A36/A36M shall bepermitted provided the base rail thickness is increased by afactor equal to the minimum yield strength specified in Table 2divided by the minimum yield st
20、rength required by Specifica-tion A36/A36M.5.2.1.3 Base rail material selected by the manufacturer shallbe permitted subject to agreement with the purchaser. Themanufacturer shall furnish documentation to the purchaser inthe form of test reports that confirms the suitability of theselected base rail
21、 material for: (1) manufacturing stud assem-blies; and (2) structural adequacy of the stud assemblies for theintended application.5.2.2 For stud assemblies in which double-headed studs aremechanically crimped into a steel shape, the steel shape shallbe sufficiently stiff to hold the studs in appropr
22、iate location,direction, and spacing.5.3 For stud assemblies in which the studs are attached tobase rails by stud welding, the stud welding shall conform toAWS D1.1/D1.1M, including the provisions for productioncontrol, and fabrication and verification requirements.5.4 Dimensions:5.4.1 Minimum dimen
23、sions of headed studs and plate baserails shall conform to Table 3.NOTE 3The configurations of stud assemblies are shown in Fig. 1.5.4.2 Headed studs with heads that have variable thicknessshall be permitted, provided they meet the tensile requirementsof this specification.6. Tensile Tests6.1 At per
24、iodic intervals, tensile tests of the headed studwith a single or double head formed at one or both ends of theshank or welded to the base rail shall be performed as specifiedin the quality assurance program of the manufacturer andagreed upon by the purchaser. Tensile tests on the studs shall becond
25、ucted by the assembly manufacturer, or an inspectionagency, or the stud supplier.6.2 Tensile testing shall be performed in accordance withthe requirements described in Test Methods and DefinitionsA370. Tensile testing of headed studs shall be performed usinga test fixture as described in Section 7.3
26、.2 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.7. Acceptance Criteria7.1 In addition to meeting the strength requirements of 5.1and 5.2, no observed partial or total fracture of the head, thestud weld, or other stud-base rail connection shall be permitted.The failure shall occur either in the stud material a minimum ofone-ha
27、lf shank diameter from the head-to-shank or stud-to-base rail connection, or by tearing a hole in the base rail.Failure of the head or stud-to-base rail connection within theattachment region shall be cause for rejection. The tensile forceat which failure occurs shall exceed the minimum yieldstrengt
28、h of the stud.8. Number of Tests8.1 A minimum of two tensile tests shall be conductedduring a production shift or period. It shall be permissible totest separate base rail material of the same thickness, chemicalcomposition, and configuration of the base rails used inproduction. One test at the star
29、t and one test at the end of each8-h production shift or less than 8-h production period, or atrandom intervals during the production period, shall be con-ducted.8.2 In the event different heats of stud or base rail materialwithin the same material specification are used to produce studassemblies du
30、ring a production run, a minimum of two tensiletests in accordance with Section 6 shall be conducted to verifythe production method, product quality, and weldability of theheats of materials prior to continuing production.8.3 Any identified procedural or performance deficienciesshall be corrected an
31、d testing repeated until the tensile testresults meet the requirements of this specification.9. Retests9.1 If the tension test fails before meeting the specifiedminimum yield strength of the headed stud material per Table1, but is within 2000 psi 14 MPa of the required tensilestrength, and if the fr
32、acture is not located within one-half shankdiameter from the head-to-shank or stud-to-base rail connec-tion, then a retest shall be allowed. Two specimens taken atrandom from the production lot shall be tested during a retest.Both assembled specimens shall pass the minimum yieldstrength requirements
33、 of Section 6 or the lot shall be rejected.9.2 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasonssuch as failure of the testing equipment or from flaws causedby specimen preparation, shipment or other damage unrelatedto fabrication or testing, it shall be discarded and anotherspecimen from the
34、 same production lot substituted.TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsStud MaterialTensile strength, min, psi MPa 65 000 450Yield strength, min, psi MPa 51 000 350Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, % 20Reduction of area, min, % 50TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsBase Rail MaterialATensile strength, min, psi MPa 65 0
35、00 450Yield strength, min, psi MPa 44 000 300Elongation in 8 in. 200 mm, min, % 20AStuds welded to base rail.A1044/A1044M 05 (2010)210. Finish10.1 Finished studs shall be of uniform quality and condi-tion, free of discontinuous laps, seams, fins, or other disconti-nuities that would adversely affect
36、 welding or structuralstrength of the studs. Radial cracks or bursts in the head(s) ofthe studs shall not be cause for rejection provided that thelength of cracks or bursts do not exceed the value 0.25 times(head diameter shank diameter), or using the notation in Fig.1: 0.25 (D d). Surface rust and
37、mill scale shall not be causefor rejection provided they do not adversely affect welding orstructural strength of the stud assembly.NOTE 4Heads of studs are subject to cracks or bursts, which are termsfor the same thing. Cracks or bursts designate an abrupt interruption of theperiphery of the stud h
38、ead by radial separation of the metal.11. Inspection11.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall havefree entry while work on the contract of the purchaser is beingTABLE 3 Minimum DimensionsHeaded Studs and Base RailsStud Shank Stud Head Base RailADiameter (d),in. mmBDiameter (D),in. mmCThick
39、ness (th),in. mmRadius at Connectionof Stud Shankwith Stud Head,in. mmWidth (b),in. mmThickness (tp),in. mm0.375 9.5 1.19 30.1 0.21 5.3 0.25 6.4 1.00 25.4316 4.80.500 12.7 1.58 40.2 0.28 7.1 0.25 6.4 1.25 31.814 6.50.625 15.9 1.98 50.2 0.35 8.9 0.25 6.4 1.75 44.5516 7.90.750 19.1 2.37 60.2 0.42 10.7
40、 0.375 9.5 2.00 50.838 9.5ALength of base rail specified by purchaser.BTolerance: 0.010 in. 0.25 mm.CTolerance: 0.015 in. 0.38 mm.FIG. 1 Stud Assemblies: (a) Single-Headed Studs Welded to a Base Rail; (b) Double-Headed Studs Crimped into a Steel Channel; (c)Detail of Connection of Stud Shank with St
41、ud HeadA1044/A1044M 05 (2010)3performed, to the parts of the manufacturers facilities thatconcern manufacture of the material ordered. The manufac-turer shall afford the inspector reasonable access to the facili-ties to satisfy the inspector that the materials and proceduresare in accordance with th
42、is specification. Inspection at theplace of manufacture shall be conducted so as not to interfereunnecessarily with the operation of the manufacturers facili-ties.11.2 For Government Procurement OnlyExcept as other-wise specified in the contract, the manufacturer shall beresponsible for the performa
43、nce of inspection and test require-ments specified herein, unless otherwise agreed by the pur-chaser at the time of purchase, and shall use his/her own orother suitable facilities for the performance of the inspectionand test requirements specified herein.12. Rejection12.1 The purchaser shall have t
44、he right to perform any ofthe inspections and tests as set forth in this specification asdeemed necessary. Unless otherwise specified, any rejectionbased on tests made in accordance with this specification shallbe reported to the manufacturer within five working days fromthe receipt of samples by th
45、e purchaser.12.2 Material which does not meet the requirements of thisspecification subsequent to its acceptance at the manufacturersfacilities shall be subject to rejection, and the manufacturershall be promptly notified.13. Rehearing13.1 Samples tested in accordance with this specificationwhich re
46、present rejected material shall be preserved for twoweeks from the date rejection is reported to the manufacturer.In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, themanufacturer shall make claim for a rehearing within that time.14. Documentation and Test Reports14.1 The manufacturer of head
47、ed studs shall provide acertificate of compliance that the material conforms to thisspecification and strengths as prescribed inTable 1. In addition,the manufacturer shall provide a certified mill test report for thematerial which was used to manufacture the headed studs andbase rail of the finished
48、 stud assembly.14.2 A manufacturers product certificate shall accompanystud assemblies when they are shipped from the manufacturersfacilities to the purchaser. The certificate shall include astatement of compliance to this specification, copies of testreports required by 14.3 and 14.4, and a stateme
49、nt of compli-ance with AWS D1.1/D1.1M in the case of stud-welded rails.14.3 A certified mill test report shall be furnished by themanufacturer containing, on a per heat basis, the chemicalanalysis of the stud material, as well as the base rail, if present.14.4 A test report shall be required of the manufacturer forthe production of stud assemblies as described in Section 6.Acopy of the test report shall be provided to the purchaser uponrequest.14.5 A Material Test Rep
