1、Designation: A1049/A1049M 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forStainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), forPressure Vessels and Related Components1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1049/A1049M; the number immediately following the designation indicates they
2、ear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers ferritic/austenitic (duple
3、x)stainless steel forgings for boilers, pressure vessels, and asso-ciated equipment in grades that are also found in SpecificationA182/A182M.1.2 The purchaser may specify in the order or contract anyappropriate supplementary requirements that are provided inSpecification A788/A788M.1.3 Unless the or
4、der specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI (metric)units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the textand tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stat
5、edin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A182/A182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy andSta
6、inless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valvesand Parts for High-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of SteelForgingsA745/A745M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Aus-tenitic Steel Forg
7、ingsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental IntermetallicPhase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless SteelsE165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination forGeneral IndustryG48 Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosio
8、n Resis-tance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use ofFerric Chloride Solution2.2 Other Standards:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code3NACE MR0175/ISO15156 Petroleum and Natural GasIndustriesMaterials for Use in H2SContaining Envi-ronments in Oil and Gas Production43. Ordering Information an
9、d General Requirements3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-lines additional ordering information, manufacturingrequirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures,marking, certification, product analysis variations
10、, and addi-tional supplementary requirements.3.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.3.1.2 The purchaser may require that the forging be ma-chined to an approved heat treatme
11、nt drawing indicating theproposed configuration of the forging at the time of thespecified solution heat treatment.3.1.3 The purchaser may approve the use of an alternateliquid quenching medium for cooling from the solution treat-ment temperature.3.2 The purchaser shall specify the acceptance criter
12、ia foreither Methods B or C of Test Methods A923, if supplementaryrequirement S1 is selected.3.3 The purchaser shall specify the required minimumpitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) value determinedaccording to the applicable equation in Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction o
13、f ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved March 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A1049/A1049M 10.DO
14、I: 10.1520/A1049_A1049M-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Societ
15、y of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Two ParkAve., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.4Available from NACE International, 15835 Park Ten Place, Houston, TX77084, http:/www.nace.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
16、13.4 When Practice A745/A745M is the basis for ultrasonicexamination in accordance with 7.1, the purchaser shall specifywhether Quality levels 1 or 2 form the basis for acceptance.Supplementary requirement S4 permits the purchaser tospecify Practice A388/A388M in lieu of Practice A745/A745M, in whic
17、h case the purchaser must also specify theacceptance criteria.3.5 When Supplementary requirement S3, for pitting corro-sion testing, of Test Methods G48 is specified, the purchasershall identify the method and test temperature to be used.3.6 When Supplementary requirement S5 for the liquidpenetrant
18、examination of forgings in the final machined con-figuration is specified, the purchaser shall specify the necessaryacceptance criteria, if the requirements of S19 in SpecificationA788/A788M are not sufficient.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steel melting and forging shall be in accordance withSpeci
19、fication A788/A788M.4.2 Heat Treatment:4.2.1 Forgings may be machined before solution annealingat the manufacturers option, unless the purchaser requires thatmachining to a prescribed configuration be done before heattreatment (see 3.2).4.2.2 All forgings shall be reheated to the required tempera-tu
20、re for solution treatment followed, unless otherwise agreedwith the purchaser, by water quenching. With the purchasersconsent (see 3.1.3) some other liquid quenching medium maybe used to rapidly cool the forging.4.2.3 The solution treatment temperature is dependant onthe ordered Grade or composition
21、 (UNS number) and shall beas listed in Table 2.4.2.4 The forgings shall be held at the specified solutiontreatment temperature for a minimum of 30 min per inch ofmaximum heat-treated section thickness.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 The heat analysis taken in accordance with SpecificationA788/A788M shal
22、l comply with Table 1 for the ordered Grade.5.2 A PREN value is included as a requirement in Table 1depending on the specified Grade and this will further restrictthe chemical requirements.5.3 The manufacturer shall use the product analysis provi-sions of Specification A788/A788M to obtain a product
23、 analy-sis from a forging representing each heat or multiple heat.5.4 Dual marking is permitted when the actual values of thelisted elements match two or more of the Grades in Table 1;however, grade substitution such as combining a tungstenbearing Grade with one that has no requirement for tungsten
24、isnot permitted.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 RequirementsThe material shall conform to the re-quirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table 3.The mechanical testing requirements of Test Methods A370and Specification A788/A788M apply.6.2 Number of Tension TestsThe number and location oftens
25、ion tests are based on the solution-treated weight of theforging(s) from the same heat and solution treated in the samefurnace charge.6.2.1 For forgings weighing less than 5000 lb 2250 kg asheat treated one tension test shall be required. This may betaken from an integral prolongation from one forgi
26、ng or froma forged test bar. Separate forged test bars shall have beenforged in the same manner, and with equivalent forgingTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade F50AF51AF52AF53AF54BF55BF57BF59AF60AF61AUNS No. S31200AS31803AS32950AS32750AS39274BS32760BS39277BS32520AS32205AS32550ACarbon, max 0.030 0.030
27、 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.030 0.030 0.04Manganese, max 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.00 1.00 0.80 1.50 2.00 1.50Phosphorous, max 0.045 0.030 0.035 0.035 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.035 0.030 0.040Sulfur, max 0.030 0.020 0.010 0.020 0.020 0.010 0.002 0.020 0.020 0.030Silicon, max 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.80 0.80 1.00
28、 0.80 0.80 1.00 1.00Nickel 5.5-6.5 4.5-6.5 3.5-5.2 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 6.5-8.0 5.5-8.0 4.5-6.5 4.5-6.5Chromium 24.0-26.0 21.0-23.0 26.0-29.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 22.0-23.0 24.0-27.0Molybdenum 1.20-2.00 2.5-3.5 1.00-2.50 3.0-5.0 2.5-3.5 3.0-4.0 3.0-4.0 3.0-5.0 3.0-3.5
29、 2.9-3.9Nitrogen 0.14-0.20 0.08-0.20 0.15-0.35 0.240.32 0.24-0.32 0.20-0.30 0.23-0.33 0.20-0.35 0.14-0.20 0.10-0.25Copper . . . . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.20-0.80 0.50-1.00 1.20-2.00 0.50-3.00 . . . 1.50-2.50Tungsten . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50-2.50 0.50-1.00 0.80-1.20 . . . . . . . . .APREN = Cr + 3.3
30、(Mo) + 16(N)BPREN = Cr + 3.3(Mo +12 W) + 16(N)NOTE 1The required PREN value for both the tungsten bearing forging Grades with the superscript B and the non-tungsten bearing Grades with thesuperscript A frequently lies between 33 and 40 depending on service experience, so that the Purchaser shall spe
31、cify the required minimum PREN value(see 3.3).TABLE 2 Solution Heat TreatmentUNSDesignationGradeSolution TemperatureF CWater QuenchAto Below F CS31200 F 50 1925 1050 min 200 95S31803 F 51 1870 1020 min 200 95S32950 F 52 1825-1875 1000-1025 200 95S32750 F 53 1880 1025 min 200 95S39274 F 54 1920-2060
32、1050-1125 200 95S32760 F 55 2010-2085 1100-1140 200 95S39277 F 57 1940 1060 min 200 95S32520 F 59 1975-2050 1080-1120 200 95S32205 F 60 1870 1020 min 200 95S32550 F 61 1920-2060 1050-1125 200 95AWater quenching is required unless the use of another liquid quenching mediumis approved by the purchaser
33、 (see 3.1.3).A1049/A1049M 10 (2015)2reduction as the forgings they represent, and shall not be lessthan the represented forgings in heat-treated section thickness.6.2.1.1 When solution treatment is performed in acontinuous-type furnace, equipped with recording pyrometers,such that complete heating r
34、ecords are available, a solutionannealing charge may be considered as any continuous run forforgings from the same heat not exceeding 8 h.6.2.2 For forgings weighing over 5000 lb 2250 kg as heattreated, one tension test shall be taken from each forging froman integral prolongation.6.3 Test Orientati
35、onTension tests shall be oriented in thelongitudinal direction, that is, parallel to the direction ofmaximum working. For upset forged disks the test specimenaxis may be oriented tangentially to the radius of the forging.6.4 Test LocationThe location of the longitudinal axis ofthe tension test speci
36、men shall be located midway between theparallel surfaces of the test extension if added to the peripheryof disks, or midway between the center and surface of solidforgings. For bored or hollow forgings the specimen shall belocated at midwall. For the special case of forgings that are heattreated sol
37、id, but are subsequently bored, the specimen may betaken at the location of the minimum inside diameter afterboring instead of the mid-radius position. For tube sheetsintended for construction to Section VIII of the ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, the tension test shall be located inaccordance
38、with Supplementary requirement S12 of Specifica-tion A788/A788M.6.5 Hardness:6.5.1 For the Grades in Table 3 that have hardness limits,one hardness test per forging shall be taken after solution heattreatment.6.5.2 Supplementary requirement S6 may be specified whenthe application comes under the rul
39、es of NACE MR0175/ISO15156.7. Nondestructive Examination7.1 Ultrasonic Examination:7.1.1 After solution treatment and the necessary machiningto comply with the test practice requirements, the forging shallbe examined in accordance with Practice A745/A745M, exceptthat when Supplementary Requirement S
40、4 has been specified,Practice A388/A388M shall be employed.7.1.2 When Practice A745/A745M is used, acceptance shallbe based on Quality Level 1 or 2, as specified by the purchaser.8. Rejection, Certification, and Marking8.1 Rejection, certification, and marking of forgings shall bein accordance with
41、Specification A788/A788M.9. Keywords9.1 austenitic/ferritic stainless steel; duplex stainless steel;forgings; PREN value; pressure vesselsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement(s) shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in thecontract or order. Additional suppleme
42、ntary requirements that may be applicable are included inSpecification A788/A788M.S1. Detrimental Intermetallic Phase DetectionS1.1 Forgings in Grades F51 (S31803), F52 (S32950), andF60 (S32205) shall be subject to detrimental intermetallicphase detection in accordance with Test Methods A923.S1.2 Me
43、thod A of Test Methods A923 shall be followed byeither Charpy impact testing to Method B or a ferric chloridecorrosion test to Method C at the purchasers option.S1.3 The location of the test specimens for testing tomethods B or C of Test Methods A923 shall be as specified in6.4 unless otherwise deno
44、ted by the purchaser.S1.4 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser accep-tance shall be as specified in Test Methods A923 for the chosentest method.TABLE 3 Tensile Strength and Hardness RequirementsUNSDesignationGradeTensile Strengthksi MPaMinimum or RangeYield Strength0.2 % Offsetksi MPaMinimumE
45、longation %in 2 in. or 50 mmMinimumReduction of Area% MinimumBrinell HardnessHBMaximumS31200 F 50 100-130 690-900 65 450 25 50 . . .S31803 F 51 90 620 65 450 25 45 . . .S32950 F 52 100 690 70 485 15 45 . . .S32750 F 53 116 800 80 550 15 45 310S39274 F 54 116 800 80 550 15 30 310S32760 F 55 109-130 7
46、50-900 80 550 25 45 . . .S39277 F 57 118 815 85 585 25 50 . . .S32520 F 59 112 770 80 550 25 40 . . .S32205 F 60 95 655 70 485 25 45 . . .S32550 F 61 109 750 80 550 25 50 . . .A1049/A1049M 10 (2015)3S2. Charpy Impact TestingS2.1 One set of three Charpy V-Notch specimens, preparedand tested in accord
47、ance with Test Methods and DefinitionsA370 shall be taken from each tension test location and testedto the requirements of the applicable construction code, or asrequired by the purchaser.S2.2 Test reporting shall include absorbed energy, lateralexpansion, fracture appearance, and test temperature.S
48、3. Corrosion ResistanceS3.1 Testing for resistance to pitting and crevice corrosionshall be carried out in accordance with Test Methods G48. Thetest temperature shall be as specified by the purchaser (see 3.5)within the guidelines of Test Methods G48, and the actual testtemperature shall be reported
49、.S3.2 The purchaser shall indicate which of the test methodsare to be used as well as the acceptance criteria.S4. Ultrasonic ExaminationS4.1 At the purchasers option Practice A388/A388M shallbe used instead of Practice A745/A745M for ultrasonic exami-nation.S4.2 The purchaser shall specify the examination criteriaincluding the reference hole size for the DAC curve and theacceptance criteria.S5. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5.1 For forgings in the final machined configurat
