1、Designation: A1049/A1049M 10 (Reapproved 2015)A1049/A1049M 18Standard Specification forStainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), forPressure Vessels and Related Components1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1049/A1049M; the number immediately following the designation
2、 indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers ferr
3、itic/austenitic (duplex) stainless steel forgings for boilers, pressure vessels, and associatedequipment in grades that are also found in Specification A182/A182M.1.2 The purchaser may specify in the order or contract any appropriate supplementary requirements that are provided inSpecification A788/
4、A788M.1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation the material shall be furnished to the inch-poundunits.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text andtables, the SI units are shown in bra
5、ckets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with thespecification.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationa
6、lly recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A182/A182M Spe
7、cification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Partsfor High-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel ForgingsA745/A745M Practice for U
8、ltrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel ForgingsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless SteelsE165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryG4
9、8 Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels and RelatedAlloys by Use of Ferric ChlorideSolution2.2 Other Standards:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code3NACE MR0175/ISO15156 Petroleum and Natural Gas IndustriesMaterials for Use in H2SContaining Environments in Oila
10、nd Gas Production41 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved March 1, 2015May 1, 2018. Published March 2015May 2018. Orig
11、inally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 asA1049/A1049M 10.A1049/A1049M 10(2015). DOI: 10.1520/A1049_A1049M-10R15.10.1520/A1049_A1049M-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Boo
12、k of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.4 Available from NACE International, I
13、nternational (NACE), 15835 Park Ten Place, Houston, TX 77084, http:/www.nace.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequ
14、ately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM I
15、nternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlinesadditional ordering information,
16、manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.3.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements o
17、f this specification shall prevail.3.1.2 The purchaser may require that the forging be machined to an approved heat treatment drawing indicating the proposedconfiguration of the forging at the time of the specified solution heat treatment.3.1.3 The purchaser may approve the use of an alternate liqui
18、d quenching medium for cooling from the solution treatmenttemperature.3.2 The purchaser shall specify the acceptance criteria for either Methods B or C of Test Methods A923, if supplementaryrequirement S1 is selected.3.3 The purchaser shall specify the required minimum pitting resistance equivalent
19、number (PREN) value determined accordingto the applicable equation in Table 1.3.4 When Practice A745/A745M is the basis for ultrasonic examination in accordance with 7.1, the purchaser shall specifywhether Quality levels 1 or 2 form the basis for acceptance. Supplementary requirement S4 permits the
20、purchaser to specifyPractice A388/A388M in lieu of Practice A745/A745M, in which case the purchaser must also specify the acceptance criteria.3.5 When Supplementary requirement S3, for pitting corrosion testing, of Test Methods G48 is specified, the purchaser shallidentify the method and test temper
21、ature to be used.3.6 When Supplementary requirement S5 for the liquid penetrant examination of forgings in the final machined configurationis specified, the purchaser shall specify the necessary acceptance criteria, if the requirements of S19 in Specification A788/A788Mare not sufficient.4. Material
22、s and Manufacture4.1 Steel melting and forging shall be in accordance with Specification A788/A788M.4.2 Heat Treatment:4.2.1 Forgings may be machined before solution annealing at the manufacturers option, unless the purchaser requires thatmachining to a prescribed configuration be done before heat t
23、reatment (see 3.2).4.2.2 All forgings shall be reheated to the required temperature for solution treatment followed, unless otherwise agreed withthe purchaser, by water quenching. With the purchasers consent (see 3.1.3) some other liquid quenching medium may be used torapidly cool the forging.4.2.3
24、The solution treatment temperature is dependant on the ordered Grade or composition (UNS number) and shall be as listedin Table 2.4.2.4 The forgings shall be held at the specified solution treatment temperature for a minimum of 30 min per inch of maximumheat-treated section thickness.5. Chemical Req
25、uirements5.1 The heat analysis taken in accordance with Specification A788/A788M shall comply with Table 1 for the ordered Grade.5.2 A PREN value is included as a requirement in Table 1 depending on the specified Grade and this will further restrict thechemical requirements.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirem
26、entsGrade F50A F51A F52A F53A F54B F55B F57B F59A F60A F61AUNS No. S31200A S31803A S32950A S32750A S39274B S32760B S39277B S32520A S32205A S32550ACarbon, max 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.030 0.030 0.04Manganese, max 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.00 1.00 0.80 1.50 2.00 1.50Phosphorous, max 0.0
27、45 0.030 0.035 0.035 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.035 0.030 0.040Sulfur, max 0.030 0.020 0.010 0.020 0.020 0.010 0.002 0.020 0.020 0.030Silicon, max 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.80 0.80 1.00 0.80 0.80 1.00 1.00Nickel 5.5-6.5 4.5-6.5 3.5-5.2 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 6.5-8.0 5.5-8.0 4.5-6.5 4.5-6.5Chromium 24.0-26.0 21.0-2
28、3.0 26.0-29.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 22.0-23.0 24.0-27.0Molybdenum 1.20-2.00 2.5-3.5 1.00-2.50 3.0-5.0 2.5-3.5 3.0-4.0 3.0-4.0 3.0-5.0 3.0-3.5 2.9-3.9Nitrogen 0.14-0.20 0.08-0.20 0.15-0.35 0.240.32 0.24-0.32 0.20-0.30 0.23-0.33 0.20-0.35 0.14-0.20 0.10-0.25Copper . . . . .
29、 . . . . 0.50 max 0.20-0.80 0.50-1.00 1.20-2.00 0.50-3.00 . . . 1.50-2.50Tungsten . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50-2.50 0.50-1.00 0.80-1.20 . . . . . . . . .A PREN = Cr + 3.3(Mo) + 16(N)B PREN = Cr + 3.3(Mo + 12 W) + 16(N)A1049/A1049M 1825.3 The manufacturer shall use the product analysis provisions of
30、Specification A788/A788M to obtain a product analysis froma forging representing each heat or multiple heat.5.4 Dual marking is permitted when the actual values of the listed elements match two or more of the Grades in Table 1;however, grade substitution such as combining a tungsten bearing Grade wi
31、th one that has no requirement for tungsten is notpermitted.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 RequirementsThe material shall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table 3. Themechanical testing requirements of Test Methods and Definitions A370 and Specification A788/A788M app
32、ly.6.2 Number of Tension TestsThe number and location of tension tests are based on the solution-treated weight of the forging(s)from the same heat and solution treated in the same furnace charge.6.2.1 For forgings weighing less than 5000 lb 2250 kg as heat treated one tension test shall be required
33、. This may be takenfrom an integral prolongation from one forging or from a forged test bar. Separate forged test bars shall have been forged in thesame manner, and with equivalent forging reduction as the forgings they represent, and shall not be less than the representedforgings in heat-treated se
34、ction thickness.6.2.1.1 When solution treatment is performed in a continuous-type furnace, equipped with recording pyrometers, such thatcomplete heating records are available, a solution annealing charge may be considered as any continuous run for forgings fromthe same heat not exceeding 8 h.6.2.2 F
35、or forgings weighing over 5000 lb 2250 kg as heat treated, one tension test shall be taken from each forging from anintegral prolongation.6.3 Test OrientationTension tests shall be oriented in the longitudinal direction, that is, parallel to the direction of maximumworking. For upset forged disks th
36、e test specimen axis may be oriented tangentially to the radius of the forging.6.4 Test LocationThe location of the longitudinal axis of the tension test specimen shall be located midway between theparallel surfaces of the test extension if added to the periphery of disks, or midway between the cent
37、er and surface of solid forgings.For bored or hollow forgings the specimen shall be located at midwall. For the special case of forgings that are heat treated solid,NOTE 1The required PREN value for both the tungsten bearing forging Grades with the superscript B and the non-tungsten bearing Grades w
38、ith thesuperscript A frequently lies between 33 and 40 depending on service experience, so that the Purchaser shall specify the required minimum PREN value(see 3.3).TABLE 2 Solution Heat TreatmentUNSDesignation GradeSolution TemperatureF CWater QuenchAto Below F CS31200 F 50 1925 1050 min 200 95S318
39、03 F 51 1870 1020 min 200 95S32950 F 52 1825-1875 1000-1025 200 95S32750 F 53 1880 1025 min 200 95S39274 F 54 1920-2060 1050-1125 200 95S32760 F 55 2010-2085 1100-1140 200 95S39277 F 57 1940 1060 min 200 95S32520 F 59 1975-2050 1080-1120 200 95S32205 F 60 1870 1020 min 200 95S32550 F 61 1920-2060 10
40、50-1125 200 95A Water quenching is required unless the use of another liquid quenching mediumis approved by the purchaser (see 3.1.3).TABLE 3 Tensile Strength and Hardness RequirementsUNSDesignation GradeTensile Strengthksi MPaMinimum or RangeYield Strength0.2 % Offsetksi MPaMinimumElongation %in 2
41、in. or 50 mmMinimumReduction of Area% MinimumBrinell HardnessHBMaximumS31200 F 50 100-130 690-900 65 450 25 50 . . .S31803 F 51 90 620 65 450 25 45 . . .S32950 F 52 100 690 70 485 15 45 . . .S32750 F 53 116 800 80 550 15 45 310S39274 F 54 116 800 80 550 15 30 310S32760 F 55 109-130 750-900 80 550 25
42、 45 . . .S39277 F 57 118 815 85 585 25 50 . . .S32520 F 59 112 770 80 550 25 40 . . .S32205 F 60 95 655 70 485 25 45 . . .S32550 F 61 109 750 80 550 25 50 . . .A1049/A1049M 183but are subsequently bored, the specimen may be taken at the location of the minimum inside diameter after boring instead of
43、 themid-radius position.As an alternative to the previously defined test locations, test may be taken from the area of significant loadingwhen agreed upon between the purchaser and producer. For tube sheets intended for construction to Section VIII of the ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the ten
44、sion test shall be located in accordance with Supplementary requirement S12 ofSpecification A788/A788M.6.5 Hardness:6.5.1 For the Grades in Table 3 that have hardness limits, one hardness test per forging shall be taken after solution heattreatment.6.5.2 Supplementary requirement S6 may be specified
45、 when the application comes under the rules of NACE MR0175/ISO15156.7. Nondestructive Examination7.1 Ultrasonic Examination:7.1.1 After solution treatment and the necessary machining to comply with the test practice requirements, the forging shall beexamined in accordance with Practice A745/A745M, e
46、xcept that when Supplementary Requirement S4 has been specified, PracticeA388/A388M shall be employed.7.1.2 When Practice A745/A745M is used, acceptance shall be based on Quality Level 1 or 2, as specified by the purchaser.8. Rejection, Certification, and Marking8.1 Rejection, certification, and mar
47、king of forgings shall be in accordance with Specification A788/A788M.9. Keywords9.1 austenitic/ferritic stainless steel; duplex stainless steel; forgings; PREN value; pressure vesselsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement(s) shall apply only when specified by the purchase
48、r in thecontract or order. Additional supplementary requirements that may be applicable are included inSpecification A788/A788M.S1. Detrimental Intermetallic Phase DetectionS1.1 Forgings in Grades F51 (S31803), F52 (S32950), and F60 (S32205) shall be subject to detrimental intermetallic phasedetecti
49、on in accordance with Test Methods A923.S1.2 Method A of Test Methods A923 shall be followed by either Charpy impact testing to Method B or a ferric chloridecorrosion test to Method C at the purchasers option.S1.3 The location of the test specimens for testing to methods B or C of Test Methods A923 shall be as specified in 6.4 unlessotherwise denoted by the purchaser.S1.4 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser acceptance shall be as specified in Test Methods A923
