1、Designation: A1078/A1078M 12Standard Specification forEpoxy-Coated Steel Dowels for Concrete Pavement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1078/A1078M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers plain steel dowel bars withprotective fusion-bonded epoxy coating for use in concretepavements.
3、1.2 This specification is applicable for orders in eitherinch-pound units (as Specification A1078) or in SI units (asSpecification A1078M).1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values s
4、tated in each system maynot be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in non-conformance with this specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated wit
5、h its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1The coating applicator is identified throughout this specifica-tion as the manufacturer.2. Referenced Do
6、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and PlainCarbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA775/A775M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Rein-forcing BarsA934/A934M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabri-cated Steel Reinforcing BarsA1055/A1055M Specification for Zinc an
7、d Epoxy Dual-Coated Steel Reinforcing BarsD4417 Test Methods for Field Measurement of SurfaceProfile of Blast Cleaned Steel2.2 Society for Protective Coatings Specifications:3SSPC-PA 2 Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness withMagnetic GaugesSSPC-SP 10 Near-White Blast CleaningSSPC-VIS 1 Pictorial Su
8、rface Preparation Standards forPainting Steel Surfaces2.3 Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute Documents:4CRSI Voluntary Certification Program for Fusion BondedEpoxy Coating Applicator Plants3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2 epoxy powder coating, na fusion-bonded e
9、poxy coat-ing product containing pigments, thermosetting epoxy resins,cross-linking agents, and other additives, which is applied inthe form of a powder onto a clean, heated metallic substrateand fuses to form a continuous barrier coating.3.3 final coat, nthe last application of the Type 1 or Type2
10、coating.3.4 holiday, ndiscontinuity in a coating that is not dis-cernible to a person with normal or corrected vision.3.5 patching material, nliquid two-part epoxy coatingused to repair damaged or uncoated areas.3.6 plain bar, nsteel bar without protrusions.3.7 pretreatment, na preparation of the bl
11、ast-cleaned steelsurface prior to coating application that is formulated topre-treat the metal to promote coating adhesion, reduce metal/coating reactions, improve corrosion resistance, and increaseblister resistance.3.8 Type 1 coating, nepoxy powder coating meetingAnnex A1 of Specification A775/A77
12、5M or Annex A1 ofSpecification A1055/A1055M.3.9 Type 2 coating, nepoxy powder coating meetingAnnex A1 of Specification A934/A934M.4. Ordering Information4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specifyall requirements that are necessary for the coated dowels underthis specification. Su
13、ch requirements to be considered include,but are not limited to, the following:4.1.1 Quantity of dowels;4.1.2 Specification for plain bars, if other than A615/A615M, and year of issue (5.1);1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloy
14、s and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved May 15, 2012. Published September 2012. DOI:10.1520/A1078_A1078M-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For A
15、nnual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http:/www.sspc.org.4Available from Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI), 93
16、3 N. PlumGrove Rd., Schaumburg, IL 601734758, http:/www.crsi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Diameter of dowels (5.3);4.1.4 Length of dowels, if other than 18 in. (5.4);4.1.5 Grade of steel if other than Gra
17、de 60 420 (5.1)4.1.6 Type of coating (5.5);4.1.7 Test report for type of coating used, if desired (5.6);4.1.8 Sample of epoxy powder (5.10);4.1.9 Quantity of patching material (5.11);4.1.10 Pretreatment of the abrasive blast-cleaned steel sur-face, if required (6.5);4.1.11 Cutting of dowels with Typ
18、e 2 coating, if permitted(7.6);4.1.12 Requirements for patching (7.7);4.1.13 Coating thickness, if other than greater than 8 mils200 m (8.1.1);4.1.14 Place of testing, if other than manufacturers plant(8.2.3);4.1.15 Timing of holiday checks for Type 1 coatings, ifother than before cutting (8.2.2);4.
19、1.16 Report on tests performed on the coated dowelsbeing furnished, if required (8.3.3);4.1.17 Specific requirements for number of tests and fre-quency of tests (Section 9);4.1.18 Additional specimens to be provided to the purchaserfor testing from the coated dowels being furnished, if required(12.2
20、);4.1.19 Patching of dowels prior to shipment, if waived(13.1);4.1.20 Thickness of patching material, if other than asspecified in Specifications A775/A775M, A1055/A1055M,orA934/A934M (13.3); and4.1.21 Manufacturer qualification and certification require-ments (if any).NOTE 2It is recommended that t
21、he coating application procedures andprocesses be audited by an independent certification program for epoxycoating applicator plants such as that provided by the CRSI VoluntaryCertification Program, or equivalent.5. Materials5.1 Dowels shall consist of plain bars. Unless otherwisespecified, the bars
22、 shall be Grade 60 420 and conform toSpecification A615 Specification A615M. The bars shall befree of contaminants such as oil, grease, paint or chlorides.5.2 Incoming steel found to be salt contaminated shall berejected.5.3 Dowels shall be 114 in. 32 mm or 112 in. 38 mm indiameter or as specified b
23、y the purchaser.5.4 The coated dowels shall have an overall length of 18 in.460 mm or as specified by the purchaser.5.5 The coating type shall be specified by the purchaser.Type 1 coatings shall be qualified in accordance withAnnexA1of Specification A775/A775M or Specification A1055/A1055M. Type 2 c
24、oatings shall be qualified in accordance withAnnex A1 of Specification A934/A934M.5.6 Upon request, the purchaser shall be provided with thetest report for coatings used.5.7 A written certification shall be furnished to the pur-chaser that properly identifies the designation of each lot ofepoxy powd
25、er coating used in the order, material quantityrepresented, date of manufacture, name and address of theepoxy powder coating manufacturer, and a statement that thesupplied powder coating is the same composition as thatqualified in accordance with 5.5.5.8 The powder coating shall be stored in a tempe
26、rature-controlled environment following the documented recommen-dations of the powder coating manufacturer until ready for use.At this point, if the storage temperature is below the plantambient temperature, the powder coating shall be given suffi-cient time to reach a temperature that is within 65F
27、 62Cof the plant ambient temperature.5.9 The powder coating shall be used within the powdercoating manufacturers written recommended shelf life.5.10 If specified in the order, a representative 8 oz 0.2 kgsample of the epoxy powder coating shall be supplied to thepurchaser from each batch. The sample
28、 shall be packaged in anairtight container and identified by lot number.5.11 If specified in the order, patching material, compatiblewith the coating, inert in concrete and recommended by thecoating manufacturer shall be supplied to the purchaser.6. Surface Preparation6.1 Blast media found to be sal
29、t contaminated from expo-sure to deicing salt, salt spray or the manufacturing process,shall not be used.6.2 The surface of the steel to be coated shall be cleaned byabrasive blast-cleaning to near-white metal in accordance withSSPC-SP 10. The final surface condition shall be definedaccording to SSP
30、C-VIS 1.6.3 Average blast profile maximum roughness depth read-ings of 1.5 to 4.0 mils 40 to 100 m as determined by the useof a profilometer type surface measurement instrument thatmeasures the peak count as well as the maximum profile depth,according to Test Methods D4417 Method B, or as determined
31、by replica tape measurements using Test Methods D4417Method C, shall be considered suitable as an anchor pattern.6.4 Multidirectional, high-pressure, dry air knives shall beused after blast cleaning to remove dust, grit, and other foreignmatter from the steel surface. The air knives shall not deposi
32、toil on the steel.6.5 Pretreatment of the blast-cleaned steel shall be appliedwhen specified by the purchaser. The pretreatment shall beapplied after abrasive cleaning and before coating, in accor-dance with the written application instructions specified by thepretreatment manufacturer. If compatibl
33、e with the epoxy pow-der coating, additional steel pretreatments prior to coating withthe epoxy may be specified by the purchaser.7. Coating Application7.1 The epoxy powder coating shall be applied to thecleaned steel surface as soon as possible after steel surfacetreatments have been completed and
34、before visible oxidation ofthe steel surface is discernible to a person with normal orcorrected vision. In no case shall application of the coating bedelayed more than 3 hours after cleaning.7.2 The epoxy powder coating shall be applied in accor-dance with the written recommendations of the manufact
35、urerof the powder coating for initial steel surface temperature rangeand post-application cure requirements.A1078/A1078M 1227.3 During continuous operations, the temperature of thesteel surface immediately prior to coating shall be measuredusing infrared guns or temperature-indicating crayons, or bo
36、th,at least once every 30 minutes.NOTE 3The use of temperature-indicating crayons prior to coatingand infrared guns after coating are recommended.7.4 The coating shall be applied by electrostatic spray orother suitable method, in one or more coating applications.7.5 It is permissible to saw-cut or s
37、hear dowels with Type 1coating. The ends of the dowels shall be free of burrs andprojections. Coated dowels shall not be flame cut.7.6 Dowels with Type 2 coating shall not be cut after thefinal coating application unless permitted by the purchaser.7.7 Unless otherwise specified, cut ends of coated d
38、owelsshall be coated with a minimum thickness of 5 mil 125 m ofpatching material meeting Specification A775/A775M AnnexA2 or Specification A1055/A1055M for Type 1 coatings, orSpecification A934/A934M Annex A2 for Type 2 coatings.7.8 Multiple applications of repair material shall be permit-ted.8. Req
39、uirements For Coated Dowels8.1 Coating Thickness:8.1.1 The coating thickness after curing for Type 1 and Type2 coatings shall be greater than 8 mils 200 m or as requestedby the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.8.1.2 A single recorded coating thickness measurement isthe average of three in
40、dividual gauge readings. A minimum offive recorded measurements shall be taken approximatelyevenly spaced along opposite sides of the test specimen (Aminimum of 10 recorded measurements per test specimen). Noindividual gauge reading shall be taken closer than 0.5 in. 13mm of the dowel ends.8.1.3 For
41、 acceptance purposes, the average of all coatingthickness measurements shall not be less than the specifiedminimum thickness. No single coating thickness measurementshall be less than 80 % of the specified minimum thickness.8.1.4 Measurements shall be made in accordance withSSPC-PA 2 following the i
42、nstructions for calibration and userecommended by the thickness gauge manufacturer. Pull-off orfixed-probe gauges shall be used. Pencil-type pull-off gaugesthat require the operator to observe the reading at the instantthe magnet is pulled from the surface shall not be used.8.2 Coating Continuity:8.
43、2.1 There shall not be more than an average of one holidayper foot three holidays per metre on the coated dowel.8.2.2 Holiday checks to determine conformance with 8.2.1shall be made at the manufacturers plant with a 67.5-V, 80000-ohm, wet-sponge-type direct current holiday detector. Fordowels that a
44、re cut after the coating application, coatingcontinuity may be conducted prior to cutting, unless otherwisespecified by the purchaser.NOTE 4Holiday detection is generally intended for in-process use, butcan be used for outside testing for quality control purposes.8.2.3 Place of TestingTesting of coa
45、ted dowels shall bedone at the manufacturers plant prior to shipment or asspecified by the purchaser.8.3 Coating Adhesion:8.3.1 For Type 1 coatings, perform the cathodic disbond-ment test in accordance with Specification A775/A775M orSpecification A1055/A1055M, Annex section A1.3.2.8.3.2 For Type 2
46、coatings, perform the cathodic disbond-ment test in accordance with Specification A934/A934M,Section 9.4.NOTE 5It is recommended that the manufacturer retain test specimensfor 30 days of production and use a 30-day rolling average of coatingdisbondment test data as a basis for its statistical proces
47、s control programfor the steel dowel coating operation.8.3.3 Data from testing pertaining to the coated dowelsbeing furnished shall be made available to the purchaser uponrequest.9. Number of Tests9.1 The purchaser shall have the option to specify thesampling and test schedule for the number and fre
48、quency oftests for coating thickness, adhesion, and continuity.9.2 If the number and frequency of tests are not specified bythe purchaser, tests for coating thickness and continuity shallbe made on a minimum of one coated dowel of each diameterof dowels coated during each hour of production.9.3 Coat
49、ing adhesion tests as measured by cathodic dis-bondment testing shall be conducted on at least one dowelevery eight production hours.10. Retests10.1 If the specimen for coating thickness, continuity, orcoating adhesion test fails to meet the specified requirements,two retests on random specimens shall be conducted for eachfailed test. Both retest specimens shall meet the requirementsof this specification.11. Handling And Identification11.1 Handling:11.1.1 All systems for handling coated dowels shall havepadded contact areas.11.1.2 B
