1、Designation: A1080 12A1080 14Standard Practice forHot Isostatic Pressing of Steel, Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1080; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice covers general requirements for Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of steel, stainless st
3、eel, and related alloy castings.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the
4、user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A703 Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing PartsA781 Specification for
5、 Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA957 Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA985 Specification for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing PartsE220 Test Method
6、for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques2.2 AMS Standards:3AMS 2750 Pyrometry3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 autoclave, na pressure-containing vessel used in the HIP process.3.1.2 hot isostatic pressing (HIP), na solid state process which applies heat and pressure simultaneously
7、 to objects in anautoclave via an inert gas in such a way as to eliminate internal voids and obtain desired properties.3.1.3 inert gas, na nonoxidizing gas used for pressurizing a HIP vessel.4. Significance and Use4.1 The authorization or requirement for hot isostatic pressing (HIP) shall be agreed
8、upon between purchaser and supplier andmust be documented.4.1.1 The Supplementary Requirements of the Common Requirements Specifications contain a section for authorization of hotisostatic pressing (HIP) of castings. These Common Requirements Specifications include, but are not limited to:A703 Speci
9、fication for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing PartsA781 Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA957 Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA985 Specificat
10、ion for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts4.2 The HIP processing parameters shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the di
11、rect responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18on Castings.Current edition approved May 1, 2012June 1, 2014. Published June 2012June 2014. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A1080 12.DOI: 10.1520/A10801210.1520/A108014.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM webs
12、ite, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.Th
13、is document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editi
14、ons as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
15、 United States14.3 When agreed between purchaser and supplier, HIP may be substituted for required thermal treatment provided allrequirements for that treatment are met.5. Quality Requirements5.1 The HIP process shall at a minimum document and have traceability for:5.1.1 Operating parameters for eac
16、h autoclave/vessel used in production.5.1.2 Software and instrumentation used for control and documentation purposes.5.1.3 Gas used to backfill or quench.5.1.4 Contact fixturing within the autoclave.5.2 Methods of gas dilution, replenishment, reuse, and purification shall be documented in a written
17、procedure.5.3 Fixtures, plates, trays, spacers, hangers, containers and baskets shall be made of a material compatible with the parts to betreated or shall be adequately isolated to assure that undesirable reactions, product contamination and distortions do not occur.5.4 Prior to pressurization, ade
18、quate care shall be taken to ensure that no product contamination occurs.6. Autoclave Type/Qualification6.1 Autoclave shall consist of inert gas pressurization, internally heated cold wall pressure vessel type.6.2 Unless otherwise specified, the selection and type of inert gas shall be at the discre
19、tion of the HIP processor.6.3 When argon is used, the gas emanating from the autoclave prior to hot isostatic pressing shall be a minimum of 99.98% byvolume (200 ppm total impurities) as determined by online gas analysis and shall not exceed the requirements specified in Table1.6.4 When a gas other
20、than argon is used, the type and purity level shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier prior toprocessing.7. Temperature Uniformity7.1 A temperature uniformity survey shall be conducted at a 6 month maximum interval on each HIP unit using a typicalproduction load of parts or material under
21、 typical operating parameters.7.2 Aminimum of two thermocouples for each heating zone in the working volume of the HIPunit shall be used for determiningtemperature uniformity, one positioned at the centerline and the other at the outside diameter of the heating zone. More than twothermocouples may b
22、e used if desired.7.3 For production HIP cycles, when approaching thermal equilibrium none of the load monitoring thermocouple readings shallexceed the selected control temperature by more than the allowable tolerance as specified by the purchaser.After reaching thermalequilibrium temperature variat
23、ion of any load monitoring thermocouple shall not vary more than the allowable tolerance asspecified by the purchaser.8. Temperature Measurement and Control8.1 Temperature measuring devices shall be provided for the autoclave. A permanent record of temperature during the entirecycle shall be maintai
24、ned.8.2 Temperature uniformity measurements shall be made using thermocouples calibrated to ASTM E220 or AMS 2750.8.3 The accuracy of each instrument shall be determined by using the equipment manufacturers recommendations.8.4 The temperature control system shall have an accuracy of 60.5 % of the ma
25、ximum operating temperature over the entireoperating temperature range.8.5 After initial qualification, each instruments calibration shall be verified at an interval of at least every 90 days.TABLE 1 Argon Gas Purity RequirementsImpurity Element Maximum % by Volume ppm (vol/vol)Nitrogen 0.005% 50Hyd
26、rogen 0.0125% 125Oxygen 0.0025% 25Hydrocarbons(as methane, CH4)0.0025% 25Total 0.020% 200Dewpoint (H2O) -45CA1080 1429. Pressure Measurement and Control9.1 Pressure measurement shall be made using sensors calibrated in accordance with the equipment manufacturersrecommendations.9.2 The equipments per
27、formance shall be within the limits supplied by the manufacturer.9.3 After initial qualification, each instrument shall be re-qualified at a yearly interval.9.4 Pressure levels shall be monitored and maintained as follows:9.4.1 A minimum of one pressure sensor shall be used to monitor the pressure o
28、f the working zone.9.4.2 Pressure readings from each sensor shall be recorded during heat-up and temperature hold at intervals not to exceed fiveminutes per sensor.10. Gas Measurement10.1 Gas purity as described in 6.3 shall be determined by gas chromatographic analysis.use of gas chromatographic an
29、alysisor other suitable methods that have been agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.10.2 Frequency of gas analysis shall be performed as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.11. Keywords11.1 HIP; HIPPing; Densification; Shrinkage; Porosity; Hot Isostatic PressingSUMMARY OF CHANGE
30、SCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (A1080 12) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved June 1, 2014.)(1) Revised 10.1 to allow alternate forms of gas analysis techniques.ASTM International takes no position respecting the v
31、alidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is s
32、ubject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headqu
33、arters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stand
34、ard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).A1080 143
