1、Designation: A1085 13Standard Specification forCold-Formed Welded Carbon Steel Hollow StructuralSections (HSS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1085; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers cold-formed welded carbonsteel hollow structural sections (HSS) for welded or boltedconstruct
3、ion. These shapes are utilized in but not limited to thefollowing applications: buildings, bridges, towers, cranes, signsupports and poles, off-shore production and drilling platforms,roll-over protective structures (ROPS), falling object protectivestructures (FOPS), and amusement rides.1.2 This HSS
4、 is produced in welded sizes with a peripheryof 88 in. 2235 mm or less, and a specified nominal wallthickness of 0.148 in. 3.8 mm or greater and 0.875 in. 22mm or less.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units
5、are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this
6、 specification is specified in the order.1.4 The text of this specification contains notes and foot-notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes andfootnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not containany mandatory requirements.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test M
7、ethods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedA
8、lloys, and Ferroalloys2.2 Military Standard:3MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.3 Federal Standards:4Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for ShipmentFed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Ironand Steel Products2.4 AIAG Standard:5B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard3. Terminology3.1 Defin
9、itionsFor definitions of terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology A941.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall containinformation concerning as many of the following items as arerequired to describe the desired material adequately:4.1.1 Quantity (fe
10、et meters or number of lengths),4.1.2 Name of material (cold-formed HSS),4.1.3 Size (outside diameter and wall thickness for roundHSS, and outside dimensions and wall thickness for square andrectangular HSS),4.1.4 Length (random, multiple, specific; see 12.4),4.1.5 End condition (see 17.3),4.1.6 Bur
11、r removal (see 17.3),4.1.7 Certification (see Section 19),4.1.8 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,4.1.9 End use,4.1.10 Special requirements,4.1.11 Bar coding (see 20.3),4.1.12 Packing, Marking and Loading (see Section 21), and1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committ
12、ee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. DOI: 10.1520/A1085-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orconta
13、ct ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dods
14、sp.daps.dla.mil.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag
15、.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.13 Supplementary requirement, if any, including theadditional requirement called for in the supplementary require-ment.5. Process5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of th
16、e followingprocesses: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric furnace.5.2 When steels of different grades are sequentially strandcast, the steel producer shall identify the resultant transitionmaterial and remove it using an established procedure thatpositively separates the grades.6. Manufacture6.1
17、HSS shall be made from flat-rolled steel by the electric-resistance-welding process. The longitudinal butt joint ofwelded tubing shall be welded across its thickness. No trans-verse coil splices are permitted in the furnished product.6.2 Stress relief or annealing is permissible. If heat treat-ment
18、is performed mechanical testing shall be conducted afterheat treatment.NOTE 1Welded HSS is normally furnished without removal of theinside flash.7. Heat Analysis7.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirementsspecified in Table 1 for heat analysis.7.2 The maximum permissible carbon equivalen
19、t shall be0.45 %. The carbon equivalent shall be based upon the heatanalysis. The required heat analysis and the carbon equivalentshall be reported. The carbon equivalent shall be calculatedusing the following formula:CE 5 C1 Mn!61 Cr1Mo1V!51 Ni1Cu!158. Product Analysis8.1 When product tests are con
20、ducted the HSS shall con-form to the requirements of Table 1 for product analysis.8.2 If product analyses are made, they shall be made usingtest specimens taken from two lengths of HSS from each lot of500 lengths, or fraction thereof, or two pieces of flat-rolledstock from each lot of a correspondin
21、g quantity of flat-rolledstock. Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis shallbe in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminol-ogy A751. Such product analyses shall conform to the require-ments specified in Table 1 for product analysis.8.3 If both product analyses representing
22、a lot fail toconform to the specified requirements, the lot shall be rejected.8.4 If only one product analysis representing a lot fails toconform to the specified requirements, product analyses shallbe made using two additional test specimens taken from the lot.Both additional product analyses shall
23、 conform to the specifiedrequirements or the lot shall be rejected.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimen, shallconform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribedin Table 2.10. Charpy V-Notch (CVN) Impact Requirements10.1 The material, as represente
24、d by the test specimen, shallconform to the minimum average CVN Impact Value of 25ft-lb at 40F 34 Joules at 4C, based on full-size longitudinaltest specimens. (See ASTM A370 for acceptance criteria forsubsize specimens.)11. Flattening Test11.1 The flattening test shall be made on round HSS. Aflatten
25、ing test is not required for square and rectangular HSS.11.2 For round HSS, a test specimen at least 4 in. 100 mmin length shall be flattened cold between parallel plates in threesteps, with the weld located 90 from the line of direction offorce. During the first step, which is a test for ductility
26、of theweld, no cracks or breaks on the inside or outside surfaces ofthe test specimen shall be present until the distance between theplates is less than two-thirds of the specified outside diameterof the tubing. For the second step, no cracks or breaks on theinside or outside parent metal surfaces o
27、f the test specimen,except as provided for in 11.4, shall be present until thedistance between the plates is less than one-half of the specifiedoutside diameter of the tubing. During the third step, which isa test for soundness, the flattening shall be continued until thetest specimen breaks or the
28、opposite walls of the test specimenmeet. Evidence of laminated or unsound material or of incom-plete weld that is revealed during the entire flattening test shallbe cause for rejection.11.3 Surface imperfections not found in the test specimenbefore flattening, but revealed during the first step of t
29、heflattening test, shall be judged in accordance with Section 17.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, %Heat Analysis Product AnalysisCarbon, max 0.26 +0.04Manganese, max 1.35 + 0.05Phosphorus, max 0.035 +0.01Sulfur, max 0.035 +0.01Aluminum, min .015 acid soluble OR.020 total Al contentSi
30、licon, max 0.04 +0.03Notes:(1) For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximumfor carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximumfor manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50% by heat analysis and1.60% by product analysis.(2) Where an ellipsis (
31、) appears in the table, requirements have not beendefined.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsRound and Shaped HSSGrade AYield Strength, psi MPa 50,000 345 70,000 485Tensile Strength, psi MPa, min. 65,000 450Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min. %A21AThe minimum elongation values specified apply only to tests per
32、formed prior toshipment of the tubing.A1085 13211.4 When low D-to-t ratio HSS are tested, the strainimposed due to geometry is unreasonably high on the insidesurface at the 6 and 12 oclock locations. Cracks at theselocations shall not be cause for rejection if the D-to-t ratio isless than 10.12. Per
33、missible Variations in Dimensions12.1 Outside Dimensions:12.1.1 Round HSSThe outside diameter shall not varymore than 60.5 %, rounded to the nearest 0.005 in. 0.1 mm,from the specified outside diameter for specified outsidediameters 1.900 in. 48 mm and smaller, and 60.75 %,rounded to the nearest 0.0
34、05 in. 0.1 mm, from the specifiedoutside diameter for specified outside diameters 2.00 in. 50mm and larger. The outside diameter measurements shall bemade at positions at least 2 in. 50 mm from the ends of theHSS.12.1.2 Square and Rectangular HSSThe outsidedimensions, measured across the flats at po
35、sitions at least 2 in.50 mm from the ends of the HSS shall not vary from thespecified outside dimensions by more than the applicableamount given in Table 3, which includes an allowance forconvexity or concavity.12.2 Wall ThicknessThe minimum wall thickness shall be95 % of the specified wall thicknes
36、s. The maximum wallthickness, excluding the weld seam, shall be not more than 10% greater than the specified wall thickness. For square andrectangular tubing the wall thickness requirements shall applyonly to the centers of the flats.12.3 MassOn the basis that the density of rolled steel is0.2836 lb
37、/in.37850 kg/m3 and that the outside radius ofcorners of rectangular HSS are 2 times the specified thickness,the actual mass of an individual length of HSS shall not deviatefrom the mass specified by more than 3.5 % or +10 %.12.4 LengthHSS is normally produced in random lengths5 ft 1.5 m and over, i
38、n multiple lengths, and in specificlengths. Refer to Section 4. When specific lengths are ordered,the length tolerance shall be in accordance with Table 4.12.5 StraightnessThe permissible variation for straight-ness of HSS shall be18 in. times the number of feet 10 mmtimes the number of meters of to
39、tal length divided by 5.12.6 Squareness of SidesFor square and rectangular struc-tural HSS, adjacent sides shall be square (90), with apermissible variation of 62 max.12.7 Radius of CornersFor square and rectangular struc-tural HSS, the radius of each outside corner of the section shallbe as noted i
40、n the table below.12.8 TwistFor square and rectangular structural HSS, thepermissible variations in twist shall be as given in Table 6.Twist shall be determined by holding one end of the HSS downon a flat surface plate, measuring the height that each corner onthe bottom side of the HSS extends above
41、 the surface plate nearthe opposite ends of the HSS, and calculating the twist (thedifference in heights of such corners), except that for heaviersections it shall be permissible to use a suitable measuringdevice to determine twist. Twist measurements shall not betaken within 2 in. 50 mm of the ends
42、 of the HSS.13. Special Shape HSS13.1 The availability, dimensions, and tolerances of specialshape structural HSS shall be subject to inquiry and negotiationwith the manufacturer.14. Number of Tests14.1 The term “lot” shall apply to all HSS of the samespecified size and specified wall thickness that
43、 are producedfrom the same heat of steel.14.2 One tension test as specified in Section 16 shall bemade from a length of HSS representing each lot.TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Outside Flat Dimensions forSquare and Rectangular HSSSpecified Outside Large FlatDimension, in. mmPermissible Variations
44、 Over andUnder Specified OutsideFlat Dimensions,Ain. mm212 65 or under 0.020 0.5Over 212 to 312 65 to 90, incl 0.025 0.6Over 312 to 512 90 to 140, incl 0.030 0.8Over 512 140 0.01 times large flat dimensionAThe permissible variations include allowances for convexity and concavity. Forrectangular HSS
45、having a ratio of outside large to small flat dimension less than1.5, and for square HSS, the permissible variations in small flat dimension shall beidentical to the permissible variations in large flat dimension. For rectangular HSShaving a ratio of outside large to small flat dimension in the rang
46、e of 1.5 to 3.0inclusive, the permissible variations in small flat dimension shall be 1.5 times thepermissible variations in large flat dimension. For rectangular HSS having a ratioof outside large to small flat dimension greater than 3.0, the permissible variationsin small flat dimension shall be 2
47、.0 times the permissible variations in large flatdimension.TABLE 4 Length Tolerances for Specific Lengths ofStructural HSS22 ft 6.5 m and Under Over 22 ft 6.5 mOver Under Over UnderLength tolerance forspecific lengths, in. mm1214341413 6 19 6TABLE 5 Corner RadiiThickness, t, in. mm Corner Radiust #
48、0.400 10.2 mm 1.6t to 3.0tt 0.400 10.2 mm 1.8t to 3.0tTABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Twist for Square andRectangular HSSSpecified Outside Large FlatDimension, in. mmMaximum Permissible Variations in Twist per3 ft of Length Twist per Meter of Lengthin. mm112 40 and under 0.050 1.3Over 112 to 212 4
49、0 to 65, incl 0.062 1.6Over 212 to 4 65 to 100, incl 0.075 1.9Over 4 to 6 100 to 150, incl 0.087 2.2Over 6 to 8 150 to 200, incl 0.100 2.5Over 8 200 0.112 2.8A1085 13314.3 One set of CVN tests as specified in Section 16 shall bemade from a length of HSS representing each lot.14.4 The flattening test, as specified in Section 11, shall bemade on one length of round HSS from each lot.15. Retests15.1 If the results of the mechanica
