1、Designation: A 135/A 135M 06Standard Specification forElectric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 135/A 135M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers two grades of electric-
3、resistance-welded steel pipe in NPS 2 to NPS 30 DN 50 to DN750 inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness up to0.500 in. 12.70 mm, inclusive, and in nominal sizes NPS34to NPS 5 DN 20 to DN 125 inclusive with nominal (average)wall thickness 0.083 in. 2.11 mm to 0.134 in. 3.40 mm,depending on si
4、ze. Pipe having other dimensions (Note 1) maybe furnished provided such pipe complies with all otherrequirements of this specification. The pipe is intended forconveying gas, vapor, water or other liquid; only Grade A isadapted for flanging and bending (Note 2). The suitability ofpipe for various pu
5、rposes is somewhat dependent upon itsdimensions, properties, and conditions of service, so that thepurpose for which the pipe is intended should be stated in theorder. The pipe may be furnished either nonexpanded or coldexpanded at the option of the manufacturer. When pipe is coldexpanded, the amoun
6、t of expansion shall not exceed 1.5 % ofthe outside diameter pipe size.NOTE 1A comprehensive listing of standardized pipe dimensions iscontained in ASME B36.10M.NOTE 2This provision is not intended to prohibit the cold bending ofGrade B pipe.1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are
7、 tobe regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system isto be used independently of the other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 700 Practices for
8、 Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for ShipmentA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA 865 Specification for Threaded Couplings, Steel, Blackor Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded or Seamless, for Usein Steel Pipe JointsA 941 Termino
9、logy Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-ingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand TubingE 273 P
10、ractice for Ultrasonic Examination of the WeldZone of Welded Pipe and TubingE 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE 1806 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determi-nation of Chemical Composition2.2 ASME Standard:B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, Ge
11、neral Purpose4B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe4,52.3 Federal Standards:Fed. STD No. 123 Marking for Shipments (CivilAgencies)6Fed. STD No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking ofIron and Steel Products62.4 Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage7MIL-STD-163 Ste
12、el Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage73. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to steel manufacturingand properties, refer to Terminology A 941.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the dir
13、ect responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originallyapproved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 135 05.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SA
14、-135 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Nati
15、onal Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.6Available from General Service Administration, Washington, DC 20405.7Available from
16、 Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 191115094. Attn.: NOPD.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2
17、For definitions of terms relating to mechanical testing,refer to Terminology E6.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 burr, na rough or sharp edge left on pipe ends bycutting or sawing.3.3.2 lot, nall pipe of the same size, wall thickness androlled length that is produced from the
18、 same heat of steel andsubject to the same heat treatment.3.3.3 black thread, na thread crease exhibiting the origi-nal pipe surface after machining.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following, as required, to describe the desiredmaterial adequ
19、ately:4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),4.1.2 Name of product (electric-resistance-welded pipe),4.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,4.1.4 Grade (see Table 1),4.1.5 Size (nominal size, NPS DN, or outside diameter;and nominal wall thickness),4.1.6 Length (specific or ra
20、ndom, see 12.4),4.1.7 End finish (plain or threaded, see 13.2),4.1.7.1 Threaded and coupled, if specified,4.1.7.2 Threads only, if specified,4.1.7.3 Plain end, if specified,4.1.8 Alternative electric test (see Section 11),4.1.9 Tension test specimen (see Section 15),4.1.10 Heat analysis, if required
21、 (see 6.1),4.1.11 Certificate of compliance, if required (see Section19), and4.1.12 Special requirements.5. Manufacture5.1 The steel shall be made by either or both of thefollowing processes: basic-oxygen or electric-furnace.5.2 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. Whensteels of differ
22、ent grades are sequentially strand cast, identifi-cation of the resultant transition material is required. Theproducer shall remove the transition material by any estab-lished procedure that positively separates the grades.5.3 The pipe shall be manufactured from flat rolled steel inindividual length
23、s or in continuous length by electric-resistanceor electric-induction welding without the addition of extrane-ous material.5.4 The weld seam of electric-resistance welded pipe toGrade B pipe shall be heat treated after welding to a minimumtemperature of 1000 F 540 C or processed in such a mannerthat
24、 no untempered martensite remains.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements prescribedin Table 2, based on the heat analysis. When specified in theorder, the heat analyses shall be reported to the purchaser or arepresentative of the purchaser.7. Product Analysis7.1 An an
25、alysis may be made by the purchaser on samplesof pipe selected at random and shall conform to the require-ments specified in Table 2. Methods and Practices relating tochemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test Method,Practices, and Terminology A 751.8. Mechanical Properties Requirements8.1 T
26、ensile Properties:TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsGrade A Grade BTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 48 330 60 415Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 30 205 35 240Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:For pipe having a specified wall thickness of516 in. 7.9 mm or more, if tested using a longitudinalstrip test specim
27、en.35 30For pipe having a specified wall thickness of less than516 in. 7.9 mm, if tested using a longitudinalstrip test specimen.ABFor pipe of any size, if tested using a full-size longitudinal test specimen. 35 30AThe minimum elongation shall be determined by the following equation, with the calcul
28、ated value rounded to the nearest percent:E 5 56t 1 16.5E 5 2.2t 1 16.5where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, minimum, %, andt = specified wall thickness, in. mm.BThe minimum elongation shall be determined by the following equation, with the calculated value rounded to the nearest percent:E 5 48t 1
29、 14E 5 1.9t 1 14where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, minimum, %, andt = specified wall thickness, in. mm.A 135/A 135M 0628.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties prescribed in Table 1.8.1.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offsetmethod utilizing 0.
30、2 % of the gage length or by the totalextension under load method using 0.5 % of the gage length.8.1.3 Longitudinal test specimens shall be full-size longitu-dinal test specimens (see Figure A2.1 of Test Methods andDefinitions A 370) or longitudinal strip test specimens (seeSpecimen No. 4 in Fig. A2
31、.3 of Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370).8.2 The test specimen taken across the weld shall show atensile strength not less than the minimum tensile strengthspecified for the grade of pipe ordered. This test will not berequired for pipe under NPS 8 DN 200.9. Flattening Test9.1 A specimen at least 4 i
32、n. 100 mm in length shall beflattened cold between parallel plates in three steps with theweld located either 0 or 90 from the line of direction of forceas required in 9.2. During the first step, which is a test forductility of the weld, no cracks or breaks on the inside oroutside surfaces shall occ
33、ur before the distance between theplates is less than two thirds of the original outside diameter ofthe pipe. As a second step, the flattening shall be continued.During the second step, which is a test for ductility exclusiveof the weld, no cracks or breaks on the inside or outsidesurfaces shall occ
34、ur before the distance between the plates isless than one third of the original outside diameter of the pipebut is not less than five times the wall thickness of the pipe.During the third step, which is a test for soundness, theflattening shall be continued until the specimen breaks or theopposite w
35、alls of the pipe meet. Evidence of laminated orunsound material or of incomplete weld that is revealed duringthe entire flattening test shall be cause for rejection.9.2 For pipe produced in single lengths, the flattening testspecified in 9.1 shall be made on both crop ends cut from eachlength of pip
36、e. The tests from each end shall be madealternately with the weld at 0 and at 90 from the line ofdirection of force. For pipe produced in multiple lengths, theflattening test shall be made on crop ends representing the frontand back of each coil with the weld at 90 from the line ofdirection of force
37、, and on two intermediate rings representingeach coil with the weld 0 from the line of direction of force.9.3 Surface imperfections in the test specimen before flat-tening, but revealed during the first step of the flattening test,shall be judged in accordance with the finish requirements inSection
38、13.9.4 Superficial cracks as a result of surface imperfectionsshall not be cause for rejection.10. Hydrostatic Test10.1 Except as provided for in 10.3, each length of pipeshall be hydrostatically tested at the mill, without leakagethrough the wall, to a pressure calculated from the followingequation
39、:P 5 2St/Dwhere:P = minimum hydrostatic test pressure, psi, kPa. The testpressure need not exceed 2500 psi 1700 kPa,S = allowable fiber stress 18 000 psi 124 000 kPa forGrade A and 21 000 psi 144 000 kPa for Grade B.This does not prohibit testing at higher pressure at themanufacturers option,t = spe
40、cified wall thickness, in. mm, andD = specified outside diameter, in. mm.Plain end pipe may be tested at the discretion of themanufacturer in single lengths or in multiple lengths.10.2 The hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained for notless than 5 s.10.3 When specified in the order, pipe may be fur
41、nishedwithout hydrostatic testing, and each length so furnished shallinclude with the mandatory marking the letters “NH.”NOTE 3This provision is not intended to apply to light wall (Schedule10) pipe listed in Table X1.1.10.4 When certification is required by the purchaser and thehydrostatic test has
42、 been omitted, the certification shall clearlystate “Not Hydrostatically Tested.” The specification numberand material grade, as shown on the certification, shall befollowed by the letters “NH.”11. Nondestructive Examination Requirements11.1 As an alternate to the hydrostatic test, and whenaccepted
43、by the purchaser, each pipe shall be tested with anondestructive electric test in accordance with Practice E 213,Practice E 273, or Practice E 309. It is the intent of this test toreject pipe containing defects.11.2 Recognized methods for meeting this test are electro-magnetic (eddy current) or ultr
44、asonic.11.3 The following information is for the benefit of the userof this specification:11.3.1 The ultrasonic examination referred to in this speci-fication is intended to detect longitudinal imperfections havinga reflective area similar to or larger than the reference notch.The examination may no
45、t detect circumferentially orientedimperfections of short, deep imperfections.11.3.2 The eddy-current examination referenced in thisspecification has the capability of detecting significant imper-fections, especially of the short, abrupt type.11.3.3 The hydrostatic test referred to in Section 10 is
46、a testmethod provided for in many product specifications. This testhas the capability of finding imperfections of a size permittingthe test fluid to leak through the tube wall and may be eithervisually seen or detected by a loss of pressure. This test maynot detect very tight, through-the-wall imper
47、fections or imper-fections that extend an appreciable distance into the wallwithout complete penetration.TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsComposition, max, %Element Grade A Grade BCarbon 0.25 0.30Manganese 0.95 1.20Phosphorus 0.035 0.035Sulfur 0.035 0.035A 135/A 135M 06311.3.4 A purchaser interested in
48、ascertaining the nature(type, size, location, and orientation) of imperfections that canbe detected in the specific application of these examinationsshould discuss this with the manufacturer of the tubularproduct.11.4 In order to accommodate the various types of nonde-structive electric testing equi
49、pment and techniques in use, thecalibration pipe shall contain, at the option of the producer, anyone or more of the following discontinuities to establish aminimum sensitivity level for rejection:11.4.1 Drilled HoleA hole not larger than 0.031-in.0.8-mm diameter shall be drilled radially and completelythrough pipe wall, preferably in the weld area, care being takento avoid distortion of the pipe while drilling.11.4.2 Transverse Tangential NotchA notch shall be filedor milled tangential to the surfac
