1、Designation: A148/A148M 15Standard Specification forSteel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A148/A148M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbo
3、n steel, alloy steel, andmartensitic stainless steel castings that are to be subjected tohigher mechanical stresses than those covered in SpecificationA27/A27M.1.2 Several grades of steel castings are covered, having thechemical composition and mechanical properties prescribed inTables 1 and 2.1.3 T
4、he values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the s
5、tandard.1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, forGeneral ApplicationA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel
6、and Alloy,Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. General Conditions for Delivery3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A781/A781M, incl
7、uding anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the general requirements ofSpecification A781/A781M constitutes nonconformance withthis specification. In case of conflict between the requirementsof this specification and Specification A781/A781M, t
8、hisspecification shall prevail.4. Ordering Information4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate thefollowing:4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number ordrawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing),4.1.2 Grade of steel,4.1.3 Options in the specificat
9、ion, and4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, includingthe standards of acceptance.4.1.5 In the case of quench and tempered castings the rulingsection, T.5. Heat Treatment5.1 All castings shall be heat treated either by full annealing,normalizing, normalizing and tempering, or quenching andt
10、empering. Unless otherwise specified in the inquiry, contract,or order, the castings may be heat treated by any of these heattreatments or combination of these heat treatments at the optionof the manufacturer.5.2 Heat treatment shall be performed after the castingshave been allowed to cool below the
11、 transformation range.6. Temperature Control6.1 Furnace temperatures for heat-treating shall be regulatedby the use of pyrometers.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to sulfur and phosphorus re-quirements as prescribed in Table 1.7.2 The content of carbon, manganese, silicon, and allo
12、yingelements may, by agreement, be prescribed by the purchaser. Ifnot specified, the content may be selected by the manufacturerto obtain the required mechanical properties.7.3 When the analysis of carbon, manganese, silicon, or anyintentionally added alloying element is specifically requested1This
13、specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in
14、2014 as A148/A148M 14.DOI: 10.1520/A0148_A0148M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary
15、 of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1in the contract or order, it shall be made by the manufacturerand reported to the purchaser. The results of these analysesshall not
16、 be used as a basis for rejection except by prioragreement.8. Tension Testing Requirements8.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat and shallconform to the tensile requirements specified in Table 2.8.2 The test coupons and specimens shall conform torequirements specified in Section 11.8.3 Te
17、nsion test coupons shall be machined to the form anddimension shown in Fig. 4 of Test Methods and DefinitionsA370 and tested in accordance with those test methods with theends machined to fit the grips on the tensile testing machine tobe used. Suggested types of ends for standard round tensiontest s
18、pecimens are shown in Fig. 5 of Test Methods andDefinitions A370.8.4 To determine conformance with the tension testrequirements, an observed value or calculated value shall berounded off in accordance with Practice E29 to the nearest 500psi 5 MPa for yield point and tensile strength and to theneares
19、t 1 % for elongation and reduction of area.9. Charpy Impact Requirements9.1 This section is applicable only to grades 165-150L1140-1035L, 210-180L 1450-1240L, and 260-210L 1795-1450L.NOTE 1Other grades may be ordered to charpy impact test require-ments in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S9
20、 of SpecificationA781/A781M.9.2 The impact properties of each heat shall be determinedby testing one set of three Charpy V-notch impact specimens at40 6 2F 40 6 1C. The energy value of the threespecimens shall not be less than shown in Table 3.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade (UNS No.) Composition
21、, %Sulfur, max Phospho-rus, max80-40 550-275 (D50400) 0.06 0.0580-50 550-345 (D50500) 0.06 0.0590-60 620-415 (D50600) 0.06 0.05105-85 725-585 (D50850) 0.06 0.05115-95 795-655 (D50950) 0.06 0.05130-115 895-795 (D51150) 0.06 0.05135-125 930-860 (D51250) 0.06 0.05150-135 1035-930 (D51350) 0.06 0.05160-
22、145 1105-1000 (D51450) 0.06 0.05165-150 1140-1035 (D51500) 0.020 0.020165-150L 1140-1035L (D51501) 0.020 0.020210-180 1450-1240 (D51800) 0.020 0.020210-180L 1450-1240L (D51801) 0.020 0.020260-210 1795-1450 (D52100) 0.020 0.020260-210L 1795-1450L (D52101) 0.020 0.020TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade
23、Tensile strength min,ksi MPaYield point min,ksi MPaElongation in 2in.or50mm,min, %Reduction of Area, min, %80-40 550-275 80 550 40 275 18 3080-50 550-345 80 550 50 345 22 3590-60 620-415 90 620 60 415 20 40105-85 725-585 105 725 85 585 17 35115-95 795-655 115 795 95 655 14 30130-115 895-795 130 895
24、115 795 11 25135-125 930-860 135 930 125 860 9 22150-135 1035-930 150 1035 135 930 7 18160-145 1105-1000 160 1105 145 1000 6 12165-150 1140-1035 165 1140 150 1035 5 20165-150L 1140-1035L 165 1140 150 1035 5 20210-180 1450-1240 210 1450 180 1240 4 15210-180L 1450-1240L 210 1450 180 1240 4 15260-210 1
25、795-1450 260 1795 210 1450 3 6260-210L 1795-1450L 260 1795 210 1450 3 6TABLE 3 Impact RequirementsGrade 165-150L1140-1035L210-180L1450-1240L260-210L1795-1450LImpact RequirementsCharpy V-notchEnergy value, ftlbf J, min value fortwo specimens and minimum aver-age of three specimens20 27 15 20 6 8Energ
26、y value, ftlbf J, min for singlespecimen16 22 12 16 4 5A148/A148M 1529.3 Test coupons and specimens shall conform to therequirements specified in Section 11.9.4 Impact test specimens shall be machined to the form anddimensions shown in Test Methods and Definitions A370,Charpy V-notch specimen, Fig.
27、11, and tested in accordancewith those test methods.10. Retests10.1 If the results of the tensile or charpy tests do notconform to the requirements specified, heat-treated castingsmay, at the manufacturers option, be reheat treated. Testingafter reheat treatment shall consist of the full number ofsp
28、ecimens complying with the specification or order.11. Test Coupons and Specimens11.1 Test bars shall be poured from the same heat as thecastings represented. Test coupons may be cast integrally withthe castings or as separate blocks similar to those shown in Fig.1 of Specification A781/A781M.11.1.1
29、In the case of quenched and tempered castings wherethe ruling section, T exceeds three inches, supplementaryrequirement S15 of Specification A781/A781M shall applywith the castings thickness, T, in A781/A781M, S15.2 equal tothe ruling section, T, from 4.1.5.11.2 The bar from which the test piece is
30、taken shall be heattreated in production furnaces with the castings or to the sameprocedure as the castings it represents.11.2.1 When the bar from which the test piece is taken is notheat treated as part of the same heat treatment load as thecasting(s) it qualifies, the austenitizing (or solution, i
31、f appli-cable) temperatures for the bar shall be within 25F of those forthe casting(s). The tempering temperature for the bar shall beno higher than 25F above that of the casting(s) and no higherthan permitted by the heat treatment procedure for the material.The cycle time at each temperature shall
32、not exceed that for thecasting(s).11.3 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings,at the producers option, instead of from test bars.11.4 If any specimen shows defective machining, or exhib-its flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from thesame heat.12. Repair by Welding12.1 W
33、eld repairs shall be inspected to the same qualitystandards that are used to inspect the castings. When castingsare produced with Supplementary Requirement S1 specified,weld repairs shall be inspected by magnetic particle examina-tion to the same standards that are used to inspect the castings.When
34、castings are produced with Supplementary RequirementS2 specified, weld repairs in which the depth of the cavityprepared for repair welding exceeds 20 % of the wall thicknessor 1 in. 25 mm, whichever is smaller, or in which the cavityprepared for welding is greater than approximately 10 in.265cm2, sh
35、all be radiographed to the same standards that are usedto inspect the castings.12.2 Welds exceeding 20 % of the wall thickness or 1 in. 25mm, whichever is smaller, or exceeding approximately 10 in.265 cm2 in area, shall be given a suitable stress relief or heattreatment.13. Rehearing13.1 Tested samp
36、les representing rejected material shall beheld for two weeks from the date of the test report. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the manufacturermay make claim for a rehearing within that time.14. Keywords14.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; castings; high strength steel;martensit
37、ic stainless steel; steel castings; structural castingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order.Alist of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inSpecification A781/A7
38、81M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for use with thisspecification are given below together with additional supplementary requirements that are applicableonly to this specification. Other supplementary requirements enumerated in Specification A781/A781M may be used with this specific
39、ation upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.A148/A148M 153S1. Magnetic Particle Examination.S2. Radiographic Examination.S6. Certification.S8. Marking.S9. Charpy Impact TestS9.1 Charpy impact test properties shall be determined oneach heat from a set of three Charpy V-notch specimens
40、 madefrom a test coupon in accordance with Test Methods andDefinitions A370 and tested at a temperature agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and purchaser. The acceptancerequirements shall be either energy absorbed, lateralexpansion, or percent shear area, or all three, and shall be thatagreed upon b
41、y the manufacturer and purchaser. Test speci-mens shall be prepared and tested in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A370.S9.2 Absorbed EnergyAverage energy value of threespecimens shall be not less than specified, with not more thanone value permitted to fall below the minimum specified an
42、dno value permitted below the minimum specified for a singlespecimen.S9.3 Lateral ExpansionLateral expansion value shall beagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S9.4 Percent Shear AreaPercent shear area shall beagreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S15. Alternate Tension Te
43、st Coupons and Specimen Loca-tions for Castings (in lieu of Test Bars Poured fromSpecial Blocks).SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A148/A148M 14) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sept. 1, 2015.)(1)
44、 New section 4.1.5 inserted. (2) 11.1.1 revised.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A148/A148M 08) that may impact the use of this standard (Approved Nov. 15, 2014).Footnote A, Table 2 deleted.Footnote B, Table 2 deleted.Changed title o
45、f Section 8 from “Tensile Requirements” to“Tension Testing Requirements.”Deleted notched bar from Paragraph 9.2, changed “tested at atest temperature” to “tested at a temperature” in S9.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with an
46、y item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical
47、 committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration a
48、t a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
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