1、Designation: A193/A193M 15aA193/A193M 16Standard Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperatureor High Pressure Service and Other Special PurposeApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A193/A193M; the number immediately following the designatio
2、n indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agenc
3、ies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers alloy and stainless steel bolting materials and bolting components for pressure vessels, valves,flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications. See SpecificationA
4、962/A962M for the definition of bolting. Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought and may be further processed by centerless grindingor by cold drawing.Austenitic stainless steel may be carbide solution treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened. Whenstrain hardened austenitic stainless steel
5、 is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughlyunderstood.1.2 Several grades are covered, including ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels designated B5, B8, and so forth. Selectionwill depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical propertie
6、s, and high temperature characteristics.1.3 The following referenced general requirements are indispensable for application of this specification: SpecificationA962/A962M.NOTE 1The committee formulating this specification has included several steel types that have been rather extensively used for th
7、e present purpose.Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent.NOTE 2For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use at the lower range of high temperature applications, reference should be made to SpecificationA354.NOTE 3For
8、grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use in low temperature applications, reference should be made to Specification A320/A320M.1.4 Nuts for use with bolting are covered in Section 13.1.5 Supplementary Requirements are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requireme
9、nts shallapply only when specified in the purchase order or contract.1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply.1.7 The v
10、alues stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the
11、two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel HardwareA194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or HighTem
12、perature Service, or BothA320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature ServiceA354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 o
13、n Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015March 1, 2016. Published December 201
14、5March 2016. Originally approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2015 asA193/A193MA193/A193M 15a.15. DOI: 10.1520/A0193_A0193M-15A.10.1520/A0193_A0193M-16.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-193 in Section II of that Code.3 For referencedA
15、STM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user
16、 of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as
17、published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirem
18、entsA962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use atAny Temperature from Cryogenic to theCreep RangeB633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and SteelB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and SteelB696 Specifica
19、tion for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically DepositedB766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of CadmiumE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic MaterialsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE
20、139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic MaterialsE150 Recommended Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under Conditionsof Rapid Heating and Short Times (Withdrawn 1984)4E151 Recommended Practice for Ten
21、sion Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating andConventional or Rapid Strain Rates (Withdrawn 1984)4E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of MaterialsE328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and StructuresE566 Practice for
22、Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Sorting of Ferrous MetalsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, andRivets (Metric) F0606_F0606MF1940 Test Method for Process Control Verification to P
23、revent Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated or Coated FastenersF1941 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasteners (Metric) F1941_F1941MF2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements forApplication to Carbon andAlloy Steel Bolts, Screws,Washers,Nuts, and Special Threaded
24、 Fasteners2.2 ASME Standards:5B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and ScrewsB18.2.3.3M Metric Heavy Hex ScrewsB18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket ScrewsB18.3.1M Metric Socket Head Cap Screws2.3 AIAG Standard:6AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard3. General Requirements an
25、d Ordering Information3.1 The inquiry and orders shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired bolting material or boltingcomponents adequately:3.1.1 Heat-treated condition (that is carbide solution treated (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), andcarbid
26、e solution treated and strain-hardened (Classes 2, 2B and 2C), for the austenitic stainless steels; Classes 1B and 1C applyto the carbide solution-treated nitrogen-bearing stainless steels; Class 1D applies to bolting material that is carbide solution treatedby cooling rapidly from the rolling tempe
27、rature),3.1.2 Description of items required (that is, bars, bolts, screws, or studs),3.1.3 Nuts, if required by purchaser, in accordance with 13.1,3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, if any, and3.1.5 Special requirements, in accordance with 6.1.5.1, 6.2.6, 8.1, and 13.1.3.2 CoatingsCoatings are prohib
28、ited unless specified by the purchaser (See Supplementary Requirements S13 and S14).When coated bolting components are ordered the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X2 is thoroughlyunderstood.4. Common Requirements4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to this
29、 specification shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationA962/A962M. These requirements include test methods, finish, thread dimensions, macroetch (alloy steels only), marking,certification, optional supplementary requirements, and others. Failure to comply with the requirements of Specifica
30、tion4 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6 Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (A
31、IAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.A193/A193M 162A962/A962M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between this specification and SpecificationA962/A962M, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture (Process)5.1 MeltingSee
32、 Specification A962/A962M for requirements.5.2 QualitySee Specification A962/A962M for requirements.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Ferritic Steels:6.1.1 Ferritic steels shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the cooling transformation range immediately after rollingor forging. Bolting materials shall
33、 then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus reheatedbeing known as a quenching charge), quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for each quenchingcharge, and tempered. The minimum tempering temperature shall be as specified in Ta
34、bles 2 and 3.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)AType . . . . . . . . . Ferritic SteelsGrade . . . . . . . . B5 B6 and B6XDescription. . . . . . . . 5% Chromium 12 % ChromiumUNS Designation . . . . . . . . S41000 (410)Range Product Variation, Range Product VariationOver or UnderB Ov
35、er or UnderBCarbon 0.10 min 0.01 under 0.080.15 0.01 overManganese, max 1.00 0.03 over 1.00 0.03 overPhosphorus, max 0.040 0.005 over 0.040 0.005 overSulfur, max 0.030 0.005 over 0.030 0.005 overSilicon 1.00 max 0.05 over 1.00 max 0.05 overChromium 4.06.0 0.10 11.513.5 0.15Molybdenum 0.400.65 0.05 .
36、 . . . . .Type . . . . . . . . . . Ferritic SteelsGrade . . . . . . B7, B7M B16Description . . . . . . . . . Chromium-MolybdenumC Chromium-Molybdenum-VanadiumProduct Variation, Product Variation,Range Over or UnderB Range Over or UnderBCarbon 0.380.48D 0.02 0.360.47 0.02Manganese 0.751.00 0.04 0.450
37、.70 0.03Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.005 over 0.035 0.005 overSulfur, max 0.040 0.005 over 0.040 0.005 overSilicon 0.150.35 0.02 0.150.35 0.02Chromium 0.801.10 0.05 0.801.15 0.05Molybdenum 0.150.25 0.02 0.500.65 0.03Vanadium . . . . . . 0.250.35 0.03Aluminum, max %E . . . . . . 0.015 . . .Type Austenitic
38、 Steels,F Classes 1, 1A, 1D, and 2Grade . . B8, B8A B8C, B8CA B8M, B8MA, B8M2, B8M3 B8P, B8PAUNS Designation . . . . . . S30400 (304) S34700 (347) S31600 (316) S30500Range Product Variation,Over or UnderB Range Product Variation,Over or UnderB Range Product Variation,Over or UnderB Range Product Var
39、iation,Over or UnderBCarbon, max 0.08 0.01 over 0.08 0.01 over 0.08 0.01 over 0.12 0.01 overManganese, max 2.00 0.04 over 2.00 0.04 over 2.00 0.04 over 2.00 0.04 overPhosphorus, max 0.045 0.010 over 0.045 0.010 over 0.045 0.010 over 0.045 0.010 overSulfur, max 0.030 0.005 over 0.030 0.005 over 0.030
40、 0.005 over 0.030 0.005 overSilicon, max 1.00 0.05 over 1.00 0.05 over 1.00 0.05 over 1.00 0.05 overChromium 18.020.0 0.20 17.019.0 0.20 16.018.0 0.20 17.019.0 0.20Nickel 8.011.0 0.15 9.012.0 0.15 10.014.0 0.15 11.013.0 0.15Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.003.00 0.10 . . . . . .Columbium . . .
41、. . . 10 x carbon 0.05 under . . . . . . . . . . . .content, min;1.10 maxType . . . . . . . . . . Austenitic Steels,F Classes 1A, 1B, 1D, and 2Grade . . . . . B8N, B8NA B8MN, B8MNA B8MLCuN, B8MLCuNAUNS Designation . . . . . . . . .S30451 (304N) S31651 (316N) S31254RangeProductVariation,Over or Under
42、BRangeProduct Variation,Over or UnderBRange Product Variation,Over or UnderBCarbon, max 0.08 0.01 over 0.08 0.01 over 0.020 0.005 overManganese, max 2.00 0.04 over 2.00 0.04 over 1.00 0.03 overA193/A193M 163TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)AFerritic SteelsGradeDescriptionand UNSDe
43、signation Class Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Cooper Columbium Titanium Vanadium Aluminum NitrogenB5 5 % Chromium 0.10 min 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.06.0 . . . 0.400.65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.10 .
44、 . . 0.05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B6,B6X12 %Chromium(410),S410000.080.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 over 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B7,B7MChromium-MolybdenumC 0.
45、380.48D 0.751.00 0.035 0.040 0.150.35 0.801.10 . . . 0.150.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.02 0.04 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.05 . . . 0.02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B16 Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium0.360.47 0.450.70 0.035 0.040 0.150.35 0.801.15 . . . 0.500.65 . . .
46、 . . . . . . 0.250.35 0.015E . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.02 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.05 . . . 0.03 . . . . . . . . . 0.03 . . . . . .Austenitic SteelsGrade Descriptionand UNSDesignationClasses Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Copper Columbium Titanium Vanadiu
47、m Aluminum NitrogenB8,B8A 304, S304001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.011.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B8C,B8CA347,S347001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019
48、.0 9.012.0 . . . . . .10 Cto 1.10 . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . 0.05under . . . . . . . . . . . .B8M,B8MA,B8M2,B8M3316,S316001, 1A, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Product
49、AnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B8P,B8PA S305001, 1A, 1D,2 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 11.013.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B8N,B8NA304N,S304511A, 1B, 1D,2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.011.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.16ProductAnalysisVariationB0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
