1、Designation: A 289/A 289M 97 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings forGenerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 289/A 289M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonmagnetic alloy steel retain-ing ring forgings for gene
3、rators.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards.Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore each system must be used independent of the other
4、.Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-formance with the specification.1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 342/A 342M Test Methods for Pe
5、rmeability of FeeblyMagnetic Materials2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products3A 531/A 531M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination ofTurbine-Generator Steel Retaining Rings4A 788 Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirements4E 45 Practice for Determin
6、ing the Inclusion Content ofSteel5E 112 Test Method for Determining Average Grain Size6E 165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination73. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 788, which outlines o
7、rder-ing information, manufacturing requirements, testing methodsand retesting procedures, marking, certification, product analy-sis variation, and additional supplementary requirements.3.2 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A 788, the req
8、uirementsof this specification shall prevail.3.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided. They shall apply only when specified by the pur-chaser.4. Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be made by the electro-slag-remelt (ESR)process. The electrodes shall be made by either the basicele
9、ctric furnace or ladle refining processes.4.2 Sufficient discard shall be taken from each ingot tosecure freedom from piping and undue segregation.4.3 Forged rings shall be solution treated following hotworking and prior to the cold expansion procedure.4.4 Rings shall be rough machined prior to cold
10、 expansionor final heat treatment.4.5 Rings shall be expanded by an appropriate method suchas segmented dies, tapered plug, etc. in the temperature rangeof 60 to 390F 15 to 200C in order to develop the requiredtensile properties.4.6 After cold expansion, the rings shall be heated tobetween 575 and 7
11、50F 300 to 400C at a rate not to exceed75F 40C/h, held at this temperature for 6 to 12 h, and thenslow cooled to ambient temperature.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A 788 shall comply withTable 1 of this specificatio
12、n.5.2 Product AnalysisWhen a product analysis is per-formed at the request of the purchaser, the provisions of Table1 of Specification A 788 shall apply. The analysis shall bemade from a forging representing each heat.NOTE 1The material shown in Table 1 of A 289/A 289M wasformerly known as Class C.1
13、This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originallyapproved in 1946. Last previous
14、 edition approved in 1997 as A 289 97/A 289M.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.13.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.1Co
15、pyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 The rings shall conform to the tensile properties for theordered grade listed in Table 2. The largest obtainable tensiontest specimen as specified in Test Metho
16、ds and Definitions,A 370, shall be used.6.2 Unless Supplementary Requirement S2 is invoked, ten-sion tests shall be performed in the temperature range of 68 to80F 20 to 27C. The yield strength at 0.2 % offset shall notexceed the tensile strength.6.3 Rings shall conform to the Charpy V-notch requirem
17、entsof Table 2 corresponding to the ordered strength grade whentested in the temperature range specified in 6.2.7. Electrical Properties7.1 The permeability of the forgings at a magnetizing forceof 100 oersteds shall not exceed 1.5. Test bars and testing shallbe in accordance with Test Method A 342.
18、8. Number and Location of Tests8.1 The number of tension tests shall be as ordered by thepurchaser, but in no case shall there be less than one tensiontest for each ring.8.2 Tangentially oriented tension test samples shall belocated at the midwall location of an integral prolongationforged at one or
19、 both ends of the ring, as shown in Fig. 1. Thespecimens shall be removed after cold working and subsequentstress relief.8.3 A minimum of one set of three tangentially orientedCharpy V-notch specimens shall be removed from the insidediameter location of the test prolongation as shown in Fig. 1.The n
20、otch shall be aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe ring. The purchaser may specify the side of the specimen tobe notched and that the distance of the root of the notch fromthe inside diameter of the ring be different from that shown inFig. 1.9. Metallographic Tests9.1 The inclusion conten
21、t of the material shall be deter-mined in accordance with Method A of Practice E 45 utilizinga sample taken from the tension test location. The maximumallowable rating for any inclusion type shall be 3.0.9.2 Grain size shall be determined according to Test MethodE 112 from a sample taken from the mi
22、dwall tension testlocation in the test prolongation. The results shall be reportedfor information.9.3 A photomicrograph at a magnification of 100x shall betaken of the etched microstructure from the grain size sampleand submitted with the certification data required by thespecification and Specifica
23、tion A 788.10. Nondestructive Tests10.1 The ring shall be free from cracks, seams, laps,shrinkage, and other injurious defects.10.2 An ultrasonic examination of the machined ring shallbe made by the manufacturer in accordance with PracticeA 531/A 531M. The acceptance criteria shall be by agreementbe
24、tween manufacturer and purchaser.10.3 A liquid penetrant examination of the finished ringshall be made by the manufacturer in accordance with PracticeE 165. The acceptance criteria shall be agreed to between themanufacturer and the purchaser.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, weight %Carbon 0
25、.10 maxManganese 17.520.0Phosphorus 0.060 maxSulfur 0.015 maxSilicon 0.80 maxNickel 2.00 maxChromium 17.520.0Nitrogen 0.45-0.80Titanium 0.10 maxAluminum 0.04 maxVanadium 0.25 maxTABLE 2 Room Temperature Mechanical Property RequirementsGradeTensileStrength,min, ksiMPa0.2 % OffsetYieldStrength,min, ps
26、iMPaElongationin 2 in. or50 mm,min, %Reductionof Area,min, %CharpyV-NotchEnergy,min. ft/lb J1 145 1000 135 930 28 60 70 952 155 1070 145 1000 25 55 65 883 165 1140 160 1105 20 50 60 814 170 1170 165 1140 19 48 58 795 175 1205 170 1170 17 45 55 756 185 1275 180 1240 14 40 50 687 195 1345 190 1310 12
27、35 40 548 200 1380 195 1345 10 30 35 47 FIG. 1 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter as Required byDrawingA 289/A 289M 97 (2003)211. Keywords11.1 alloy steel; cold worked; generator retaining rings;nonmagnetic; steel forgingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following supplementary require
28、ments shall apply only when specified by thepurchaser in the inquiry and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Charpy V-Notch Impact TestsS1.1 Requirements for energy absorption at room tempera-ture as determined on Char
29、py impact specimens shall bespecified by the purchaser.S2. Alternative Elevated Temperature TensileRequirementsS2.1 Tensile tests shall be performed at 200 to 220F 95 to105C and shall meet the requirements of Table S1.NOTE S1The Charpy V-Notch test temperature requirements are notaltered by this req
30、uirement.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such ri
31、ghts, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additiona
32、l standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the AST
33、M Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the abov
34、eaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE S1 Alternative Elevated Temperature TensileRequirements (200-220F)GradeTensile Strength,min, ksi MPa0.2 % OffsetYield Strength,min, psi MPaElongation,2 in. 50mm min,%Reductionof area,min,%1 120 830 110 760 25 602 125 860 120 830 23 583 135 930 135 930 19 564 140 965 140 965 17 555 145 1000 145 1000 15 546 155 1070 155 1070 13 527 165 1140 165 1140 10 518 170 1170 170 1170 10 50A 289/A 289M 97 (2003)3
