1、Designation: A307 12A307 14Standard Specification forCarbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and Threaded Rod 60 000 PSITensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A307; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2
3、covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of two grades of carbon steel bolts and studs in sizes14 in. through 4 in. The fasteners are designated by “Grade” denoting tensile strength and intended use, as follows:Grade DescriptionGrade A Bolts, studs, and threadedrod having a minimumtensile str
4、ength of 60 ksiand intended for generalapplications,Grade B Bolts, studs, and threadedrodA having a tensilestrength of 60 to 100 ksi andintended for flanged joints inpiping systems with cast ironflanges, andGrade C Replaced by SpecificationF1554 Gr.36A Threaded rod is not usually produced to Grade B
5、, but can be when specified by the purchaser.1.2 This specification does not cover requirements for machine screws, thread cutting/forming screws, mechanical expansionanchors or similar externally threaded fasteners.1.3 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unless otherwise specified, the
6、 grade and style of nut for each grade offastener, of all surface finishes, shall be as follows:Fastener Grade and Size Nut Grade and StyleAA 14 to 112 in. A, hexA over 112 to 4 in. A, heavy hexB, 14 to 4 in. A, heavy hexA Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specifi
7、cation A563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are also suitable.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivetsand Washers.Current edition approved Dec. 1,
8、 2012Oct. 1, 2014. Published January 2013October 2014. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 asA307 10. 12. DOI: 10.1520/A0307-12.10.1520/A0307-14.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-307 in Section II of that Code.Thi
9、s document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editio
10、ns as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
11、United States11.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. standard. No other units of measurement areincluded in this standard.1.5 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature is provided, which describes additional restrictions to be applied whenbolts are to
12、be welded. It shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, order, and contract.1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA706/A706M Specificatio
13、n for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and SteelF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of
14、Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, DirectTension Indicators, and RivetsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1554
15、Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55, and 105-ksi Yield StrengthF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements forApplication to Carbon andAlloy Steel Bolts, Screws,Washers,Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners2.2 ASME Standards:B 1.
16、1 Unified Screw Threads4B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws4B 18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System5B18.31.3 Threaded Rods (Inch Series)43. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for externally threaded fasteners (including nuts and accessories) under this specification shall include the foll
17、owing:3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,3.1.2 Name of product, bolts or studs; and bolt head style, that is, hex or heavy hex, or threaded rod,3.1.3 Grade, that is, A, or B. If no grade is specified, Grade A is furnished.3.1.4 Quantities (number of pieces by size including nuts),3.1.5 Fastene
18、r size and length,3.1.6 WashersQuantity and size (separate from bolts),3.1.7 Zinc CoatingSpecify the zinc-coating process required, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference(see 4.5).3.1.8 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, if required.3.1.9 Specify if inspection at
19、point of manufacture is required,3.1.10 Specify if certified test report is required (see 8.29.2), and3.1.11 Specify additional testing (8.39.3) or special requirements.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, see ASME B18.24.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steel for bolts, studs, and
20、threaded rod shall be made by the open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process.4.2 Bolts shall be produced by hot or cold forging of the heads or machining from bar stock.4.3 Heat Treatment:4.3.1 Cold headed fasteners with head configurations other than hex having a minimum head height les
21、s than or equal to .5 D(D is nominal diameter) shall be stress relief annealed at a minimum temperature of 875F.4.3.2 Stress relieving of hex head fasteners and those with minimum head heights greater than .5 D shall be at themanufacturers option.4.4 Bolt and stud threads shall be rolled or cut.3 Fo
22、r referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25
23、 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.A307 1424.5 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposited:4.5.1 When zin
24、c-coated fasteners are required, the purchaser shall specify the zinc-coating process, for example hot dip,mechanically deposited, or no preference.4.5.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall be zinc-coated by the hot-dip process in accordance with the requirementsof Specification F2329.4.5
25、.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasteners shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical-deposition process inaccordance with the requirements of Class 55 of Specification B695.4.5.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier may furnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance with S
26、pecificationF2329, or a mechanically deposited zinc coating in accordance with Specification B695, Class 55. Threaded components (bolts andnuts) shall be coated by the same zinc-coating process and the suppliers option is limited to one process per item with no mixedprocesses in a lot.5. Chemical Co
27、mposition5.1 Grade A and B bolts, studs, and threaded rod shall have a heat analysis conforming to the requirements specified in Table1 based on the steel producers heat analysis.5.2 The purchaser shall have the option of conducting product analyses on finished bolts in each lot, which shall conform
28、 tothe product analysis specified in Table 1.5.3 In case of conflict or for referee purposes, the product analysis shall take precedence.5.4 Bolts and studs are customarily furnished from stock, in which case individual heats of steel cannot be identified.5.5 Application of heats of steel to which b
29、ismuth, selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall not bepermitted for Grade B bolts and studs.5.6 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 Grades A and B bolts, studs, and threaded rod shal
30、l conform to the hardness specified in Table 2.6.2 Grade A and B bolts, studs, and threaded rod 1 in. in diameter or less, other than those excepted in 6.4, shall be testedfull size and shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength specified in Table 3. Threaded rod is permitted to be cut t
31、o alength suitable for tensile testing and shall be treated using the same method specified for studs.6.3 GradeAand B bolts, studs, and threaded rod larger than 112 in. in diameter, other than those excepted in 6.4, shall preferablybe tested full size and when equipment of sufficient capacity is ava
32、ilable and shall conform to the requirements for tensile strengthspecified in Table 3. When equipment of sufficient capacity for full-size testing is not available, or when the length of the bolt orstud makes full-size testing impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall conform to the
33、requirements specified inTable 4.6.4 Grades A and B bolts and studs less than three diameters in nominal length or bolts with drilled or undersize heads are notsubject to tensile tests.6.5 In the event that bolts, studs, and threaded rod are tested by both full size and by machine test specimen meth
34、ods, thefull-size test shall govern if a controversy between the two methods exists.6.6 For bolts, studs, and threaded rod on which both hardness and tension tests are performed, acceptance based on tensilerequirements shall take precedence in the event that there is controversy over low readings of
35、 hardness tests.7. Dimensions7.1 Unless otherwise specified, threads on bolts and studs shall be the Coarse Thread Series as specified in the latest issue ofASME B1.1, and shall have a Class 2Atolerance. Unless otherwise specified, threads on threaded rod shall be per the requirementsof the latest i
36、ssue of ASME B18.31.3.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Grades A and B Bolts,Studs, and Threaded RodHeat Analysis Product AnalysisCarbon, max 0.29 0.33Manganese, max 1.20 1.25Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.041Sulfur, maxGrade A 0.15 AGrade B 0.05 0.051A Resulfurized steel is not subject to rejection based o
37、n product analysis for sulfur.A307 1437.2 Unless otherwise specified, Grade A bolts shall be hex bolts with dimensions as given in the latest issue of ASME B18.2.1.Unless otherwise specified, Grade B bolts shall be heavy hex bolts with dimensions as given in the latest issue of ASME B18.2.1.Unless o
38、therwise specified, threads on threaded rod shall be per the requirements of the latest issue of ASME B18.31.3.TABLE 2 Hardness Requirements for Bolts, Studs, and ThreadedRodGrade NominalLength, in.HardnessABrinell Rockwell Bmin max min maxA Less than 3 diaB 121 241 69 1003 dia and longer . . . 241
39、. . . 100B Less than 3 diaB 121 212 69 953 dia and longer . . . 212 . . . 95A As measured anywhere on the surface or through the cross section.B Also bolts with drilled or undersize heads. These sizes and bolts with modifiedheads shall meet the minimum and maximum hardness as hardness is the onlyreq
40、uirement.TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements for Full-Size Bolts, Studs, andThreaded RodBoltSize,in.Threadsper inchStressArea,Ain.2Tensile Strength, lbfBGradeA, min CGrade BminD maxD14 20 0.0318 1 900 1 900 3 180516 18 0.0524 3 100 3 100 5 24038 16 0.0775 4 650 4 650 7 750716 14 0.1063 6 350 6 350 10 63012
41、 13 0.1419 8 500 8 500 14 190916 12 0.182 11 000 11 000 18 20058 11 0.226 13 550 13 550 22 60034 10 0.334 20 050 20 050 33 40078 9 0.462 27 700 27 700 46 2001 8 0.606 36 350 36 350 60 600118 7 0.763 45 800 45 800 76 300114 7 0.969 58 150 58 150 96 900138 6 1.155 69 300 69 300 115 500112 6 1.405 84 3
42、00 84 300 140 500134 5 1.90 114 000 114 000 190 0002 4 2.50 150 000 150 000 250 000214 4 3.25 195 000 195 000 325 000212 4 4.00 240 000 240 000 400 000234 4 4.93 295 800 295 800 493 0003 4 5.97 358 200 358 200 597 000314 4 7.10 426 000 426 000 710 000312 4 8.33 499 800 499 800 833 000334 4 9.66 579
43、600 579 600 966 0004 4 11.08 664 800 664 800 1 108 000A Area calculated from the equation:As = 0.7854 D (0.9743/n) 2where:As = stress area,D = nominal diameter of bolt, andn = threads per inch.B 1 lbf = 4.448 N.C Based on 60 ksi (414 MPa).D Based on 60100 ksi (414690 MPa).A307 1447.3 Unless otherwis
44、e specified, bolts, studs, and threaded rod to be used with nuts or tapped holes which have been tappedoversize, in accordance with Specification A563, shall have threads as specified in 7.1 before hot-dip or mechanically depositedzinc coating. After zinc coating the maximum limit of pitch and major
45、 diameter shall not exceed the Class 2A maximum limit bymore than the following amounts:Diameter, in. Oversize Limit, in. (mm)A14 0.016516, 38 0.017716, 12 0.018916 to 34, incl 0.02078 0.0221.0 to 114, incl 0.024138, 112 0.027134 to 4.0, incl 0.050A These values are the same as the overtapping requi
46、red for zinc-coated nuts in Specification A563.7.4 The gaging limit for bolts and studs, and threaded rod shall be verified during manufacture or use by assembly of a nuttapped as nearly as practical to the amount oversize shown above. In case of dispute, a calibrated thread ring gage of that samesi
47、ze (Class X tolerance, gage tolerance plus) shall be used. Assembly of the gage, or the nut described above, must be possiblewith hand effort following application of light machine oil to prevent galling and damage to the gage. These inspections, whenperformed to resolve disputes, shall be performed
48、 at the frequency and quality described in Table 5.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Surface discontinuity limits, inspection and evaluation shall be in accordance with Specification F788/F788M.9. Number of Tests and Retests9.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met in continuou
49、s mass production for stock, and the manufacturer shall makesample inspections to ensure that the product conforms to the specified requirements. Additional tests of individual shipments ofmaterial are not ordinarily contemplated. Individual heats of steel are not identified in the finished product.9.2 When specified in the order, the manufacturer shall furnish a test report certified to be the last completed set of mechanicaltests for each stock size in each shipment.9.3 When additional tests are specified on the
