1、Designation: A 312/A 312M 09Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forSeamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Pipes1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 312/A 312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original ad
2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1
3、. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers seamless, straight-seamwelded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainlesssteel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosiveservice.NOTE 1When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature servicewould be 15 ftlbf 20 J energy absorption or
4、15 mils 0.38 mm lateralexpansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by thisspecification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codeswithout the necessity of making the actual test. For example, GradesTP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure VesselCod
5、e, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and RefineryPiping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as 425 F250 C without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steelgrades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as 325 F200 C without impact testin
6、g. Impact testing may, under certaincircumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium ornickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carboncontent exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rulesof ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatur
7、es are lowerthan 50 F 45 C.1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H aremodifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb,TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intendedfor service at temperatures where creep and stress ruptureproperties
8、are important.1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided forpipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. Thesesupplementary requirements call for additional tests to be madeand, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one ormore of these supplementary requirements.1.4 T
9、able X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of weldedand seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19.These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold workedpipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be orderedand furnished provided such pipe complies with all otherrequirements
10、of this specification.1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength require-ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process innominal wall thicknesses greater than38 in. 9.5 mm.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the tex
11、t, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”desi
12、gnation of this specification is specified in the order.NOTE 2The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 262 Practices for Detecting
13、 Susceptibility to Intergranu-lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stai
14、nless Steel PipeA 1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirementsfor Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-less Steel TubesE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE 527 Practice for Numbering
15、Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved May 15,
16、2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A 312/A 312M 08a.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-312 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,
17、orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
18、, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.2 ANSI Standards:4B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General PurposeB36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel PipeB36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe2.3 ASME Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII52.4 AWS Standard:A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium
19、and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes62.5 Other Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A 999/A 999M andTerminology A 941 are applicable to this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orde
20、rs for material to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecificationA 999/A 999M unless o
21、therwise provided herein.5.2 Heat Treatment:5.2.1 All pipe shall be furnished in the heattreated con-dition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2. Theheattreatment procedure, except for “H” grades, S30815,S31035, S31272, S31254, S32654, N08367, N08904, N08925,and N08926 shall consist of hea
22、ting the pipe to a minimumtemperature of 1900 F 1040 C and quenching in water orrapidly cooling by other means.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Manufacture:6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufactured by one of the follow-ing processes:6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process thatdoes not involve
23、 welding at any stage of production.6.1.3 Welded (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automaticwelding process with no addition of filler metal during thewelding process.6.1.4 Heavily cold-worked (HCW) pipe shall be made byapplying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction inthickness of both wall a
24、nd weld to a welded pipe prior to thefinal anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Priorto cold working, the weld shall be 100 % radiographicallyinspected in accordance with the requirements ofASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latestrevision, Paragraph UW-51.
25、6.1.5 Welded pipe and HCW pipe of NPS 14 and smallershall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCWpipe of a size larger than NPS 14 shall have a singlelongitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and weldingtwo longitudinal sections of flat stock when approved by thepurchaser. All w
26、eld tests, examinations, inspections, or treat-ments shall be performed on each weld seam.6.1.6 At the option of the manufacturer, pipe shall be eitherhot finished or cold finished.6.1.7 The pipe shall be free of scale and contaminatingexogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finish-
27、ing is not mandatory when pipe is bright annealed. Thepurchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment beapplied to the finished pipe.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American
28、Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.7Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Common
29、wealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.A 312/A 312M 092TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur SiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb-denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro-genCVana-diumCopper Cerium BoronAlum-inumOther. . . S20400
30、 0.030 7.09.00.045 0.030 1.00 15.017.01.503.00. . . . 0.150.30. . . . .TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.06.00.045 0.030 1.00 20.523.511.513.51.503.00. . . 0.100.30. . . 0.200.400.100.30. .TPXM-10 S21900 0.08 8.010.00.045 0.030 1.00 19.021.55.57.5. . . . 0.150.40. . .TPXM-11 S21904 0.04 8.010.00.045 0.030 1.00
31、19.021.55.57.5. . . . 0.150.40. . .TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.514.50.060 0.030 1.00 17.019.02.33.7. . . . 0.200.40. . .TP201 S20100 0.15 5.57.50.060 0.030 1.00 16.018.03.55.5. . . . 0.25 . . . . .TP201LN S20153 0.03 6.47.50.045 0.015 0.75 16.017.54.05.0. . . . 0.100.25. 1.00 . . .TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00
32、0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.011.0. . . . . . . .TP304L S30403 0.035D2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.013.0. . . . . . . .TP304H S30409 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.011.0. . . . . . . . . . S30415 0.040.060.80 0.045 0.030 1.002.0018.019.09.010.0. . . . 0.120.18. . 0.030.08TP304N S30451 0.08
33、2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.018.0. . . . 0.100.16. . .TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.012.0. . . . 0.100.16. . . . . S30600 0.018 2.00 0.02 0.02 3.74.317.018.514.015.50.20 . . . . . 0.50max. . . S30615 0.160.242.00 0.030 0.03 3.24.017.019.513.516.0. . . . . . . . . 0.801.50.
34、 . . S30815 0.050.100.80 0.040 0.030 1.402.0020.022.010.012.0. . . . 0.140.20. . 0.030.08TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.015.00.75 . . . . . .TP309H S30909 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.015.0. . . . . . .TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.016.00.75 .
35、. . 10 3 Cmin,1.10 max. . . .TP309HCb S30941 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.016.00.75 . . . 10 3 Cmin,1.10 max. . .S31002 0.015 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.15 24.026.019.022.00.10 . . . 0.10 .TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . . . .TP310H S31009 0.040.102.00 0.045 0
36、.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.0. . . . . . .S31035 0.040.100.60 0.030 0.015 0.40 21.523.523.526.50.300.600.150.302.03.50.0020.008W 2.04.0Co 1.02.0A312/A312M093TABLE 1 ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur SiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb-denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-l
37、um,maxNitro-genCVana-diumCopper Cerium BoronAlum-inumOtherTP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . 10 3 Cmin,1.10 max. . . .TP310HCb S31041 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . 10 3 Cmin,1.10 max. . . . . S31050 0.025 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 24.026.020.52
38、3.51.62.6. . . 0.090.15. . . . . S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.517.518.56.06.5. . . 0.180.22. . . 0.501.00.S31272 0.080121.52.000.030 0.015 0.250.7514.016.014.016.01.001.400.300.600.0040.008S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.523.026.028.06.58.00.300.400.501.50TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.
39、045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . . . . .TP316L S31603 0.035D2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.010.014.02.003.00. . . . . . .TP316H S31609 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . . . . .TP316Ti S31635 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 16.018.010.014.02.003.0053(C+N)0.70. . 0.10
40、. . . . .TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.000.100.16. . .TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . 0.100.16. . .TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.011.014.03.04.0. . . . . . .TP317L S31703 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0
41、11.015.03.04.0. . . . . . . . . S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040F0.030 1.00 18.020.013.517.54.05.0. . . 0.10 . 0.75 . . . S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040F0.030 1.00 17.020.014.517.54.05.0. . . 0.100.20. 0.75 . . . S31727 0.03 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.519.014.516.53.84.5. . . 0.150.21. . . 2.84.0. . . . . S32053 0.03 1
42、.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.024.024.026.05.06.0. . . 0.170.22. . . . .TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.012.0.G. . 0.10 . . .TP321H S32109 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.012.0.H. . 0.10 . . . . . S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.86.016.519.519.022.00.301.50. . . . . 1.502.50. . .
43、S32654 0.020 2.04.00.030 0.005 0.50 24.025.021.023.07.08.0. . . 0.450.55. . . 0.300.60. . . S33228 0.040.081.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.028.031.033.0. . 0.601.00. . . . 0.050.10. . . 0.025. . . S34565 0.03 5.07.00.030 0.010 1.00 23.025.016.018.04.05.0. . . 0.10 0.400.60. . . .TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.04
44、5 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.013.0. .I. . . . .A312/A312M094TABLE 1 ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur SiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb-denumTita-niumColum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro-genCVana-diumCopper Cerium BoronAlum-inumOtherTP347H S34709 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.0
45、0 17.019.09.013.0. .J. . . . .TP347LN S34751 0.0050.0202.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.013.0. . 0.200.50F,K. . . 0.060.10. . . . .TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.013.0. .I0.10 . . . .TP348H S34809 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.013.0. .J0.10 . . . . . . S35045 0.060.101.50
46、 . . . 0.015 1.00 25.029.032.037.0. . . 0.150.60. . . . 0.75 . . 0.150.60. . . S35315 0.040.082.00 0.040 0.030 1.202.0024.026.034.036.0. . . . 0.120.18. . 0.030.08. .TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.502.5017.019.017.518.5. . . . . . . . . . S38815 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.56.513.015.015.017.00
47、.751.50. . . . . 0.751.50. . 0.30. . . N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.022.023.525.56.07.0. . . 0.180.25. 0.75 . . . . . N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.023.023.028.04.05.0. . . 0.10 . 1.002.00. . . . . N08925 0.020 1.00 0.045 0.030 0.50 19.021.024.026.06.07.0. . . 0.100.20. . . 0.801.50
48、. . . . . N08926 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.021.024.026.06.07.0. . . 0.150.25. . . 0.501.50. . .ANew designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086.BMaximum, unless otherwise indicated. Where elipses (.) appear in this table, there is no requirement and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.CThe method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.DFor small diameter or thin walls or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in grades TP304L and
