1、Designation: A312/A312M 13bA312/A312M 14 Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forSeamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Pipes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof
2、 original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Depart
3、ment of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipeintended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.NOTE 1When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ftlbf 20 J
4、energy absorption or 15 mils 0.38 mm lateralexpansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without thenecessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the
5、ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIIIDivision 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as 425 F 250 C withoutqualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as 325 F 2
6、00 C without impacttesting. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges,and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Divisi
7、on 1 when servicetemperatures are lower than 50 F 45 C.1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modificationsof Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service attemperatures where creep
8、 and stress rupture properties are important.1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. Thesesupplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one ormore of these
9、 supplementary requirements.1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. Thesedimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnishedprovided such pipe c
10、omplies with all other requirements of this specification.1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominalwall thicknesses greater than 38 in. 9.5 mm.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded s
11、eparately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Theinch-pou
12、nd units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.NOTE 2The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”“size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
13、 Standards:3A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys1 This specification is under th
14、e jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013March 1, 2014. Published October 2013March 2014. Originally approved in 1948. Last
15、previous edition approved in 2013 asA312/A312M13a.13b. DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-13B.10.1520/A0312_A0312M-14.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-312 in Section II of that Code.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or con
16、tactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have be
17、en made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official documen
18、t.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel PipeA1016/A1016M Specification for Gene
19、ral Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless SteelTubesE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
20、2.2 ANSI Standards:4B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General PurposeB36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel PipeB36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe2.3 ASME Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII52.4 AWS Standard:A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electro
21、des62.5 Other Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M and Terminology A941 are applicable to this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall conform
22、 to the requirements of the current edition of SpecificationA999/A999M.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.5.2 Heat Treatment:5.2.1 All p
23、ipe shall be furnished in the heattreated condition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2. Theheattreatment procedure, except for “H” grades, S30815, S31035, S31272, S31254, S32654, N08020, N08367, N08904,N08925, and N08926 shall consist of heating the pipe to a minimum temperature of 1900
24、F 1040 C and quenching in wateror rapidly cooling by other means.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Manufacture:6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufactured by one of the following processes:6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process that does not involve welding at any stage of production.6.1.3 Weld
25、ed (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automatic welding process with no addition of filler metal during the weldingprocess.6.1.4 Heavily cold-worked (HCW) pipe shall be made by applying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction in thicknessof both wall and weld to a welded pipe prior to the final
26、anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Prior to cold working,the weld shall be 100 % radiographically inspected in accordance with the requirements ofASME Boiler and PressureVessel Code,Section VIII, Division 1, latest revision, Paragraph UW-51.6.1.5 Welded pipe and HCW pipe of NPS 14 a
27、nd smaller shall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCW pipeof a size larger than NPS 14 shall have a single longitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and welding two longitudinalsections of flat stock when approved by the purchaser. All weld tests, examinations, inspections, o
28、r treatments shall be performedon each weld seam.6.1.6 At the option of the manufacturer, pipe shall be either hot finished or cold finished.6.1.7 The pipe shall be free of scale and contaminating exogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finishing is notmandatory when pipe is bright
29、annealed. The purchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment be applied to thefinished pipe.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME
30、), ASME International Headquarters, ThreeTwo Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990,http:/www.asme.org.6 Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.7 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 1509
31、6-0001, http:/www.sae.org.A312/A312M 142TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbon Manga-nese Phos-phorus Sulfur Silicon Chrom-ium Nickel Molyb-denum Tita-nium Colum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro-genCVana-dium Copper Cerium BoronAlum-inum Other. . . S20400 0.030 7.09.00.045 0.0
32、30 1.00 15.017.01.503.00. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.150.30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.06.00.045 0.030 1.00 20.523.511.513.51.503.00. . . 0.100.30. . . 0.200.400.100.30. . . . . .TPXM-10 S21900 0.08 8.010.00.045 0.030 1.00 19.021.55.57.5. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.150.40. . . . . .
33、 . . .TPXM-11 S21904 0.04 8.010.00.045 0.030 1.00 19.021.55.57.5. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.150.40. . . . . . . . .TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.514.50.060 0.030 1.00 17.019.02.33.7. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.200.40. . . . . . . . .TP201 S20100 0.15 5.57.50.060 0.030 1.00 16.018.03.55.5. . . . . . . . . . . .
34、0.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP201LN S20153 0.03 6.47.50.045 0.015 0.75 16.017.54.05.0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.25. . . 1.00 . . . . . . . . .TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.011.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP304L S30403 0.035D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0
35、20.08.013.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP304H S30409 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.011.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S30415 0.040.060.80 0.045 0.030 1.002.0018.019.09.010.0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.120.18. . . . . . 0.030.08TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00
36、0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.018.0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.16. . . . . . . . .TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.08.012.0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100.16. . . . . . . . . . . S30600 0.018 2.00 0.02 0.02 3.74.317.018.514.015.50.20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50max. . . . . S3061
37、5 0.160.242.00 0.030 0.03 3.24.017.019.513.516.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.801.50. . . S30815 0.050.100.80 0.040 0.030 1.402.0020.022.010.012.0. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.140.20. . . . . . 0.030.08TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.015.00.75 . . . . . . .
38、. . . . . . . . . . .TP309H S30909 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.015.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.016.00.75 . . . 10 Cmin,1.10 max. . . . . . . . . . . .TP309HCb S30941 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.012.016.00.75 . .
39、 . 10 Cmin,1.10 max. . . . . . . . .S31002 0.015 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.15 24.026.019.022.00.10 . . . . . . . . . 0.10 . . .TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP310H S31009 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.0. . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . .S31035 0.040.100.60 0.030 0.015 0.40 21.523.523.526.50.300.600.150.302.03.50.0020.008W 2.04.0Co 1.02.0A312/A312M143TABLE 1 ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbon Manga-nese Phos-phorus Sulfur Silicon Chrom-ium Nickel Molyb-denum Tita-nium Colum-biumTanta-lum,maxNitro-g
41、enCVana-dium Copper Cerium BoronAlum-inum OtherS31035 0.040.100.60 0.025 0.015 0.40 21.523.523.526.50.400.600.200.302.53.50.0020.008W 3.04.0Co 1.02.0TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . 10 Cmin,1.10 max. . . . . . . . . . . .TP310HCb S31041 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.
42、00 24.026.019.022.00.75 . . . 10 Cmin,1.10 max. . . . . . . . . . . S31050 0.025 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 24.026.020.523.51.62.6. . . . . . . . . 0.090.15. . . . . . . . . . . S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.517.518.56.06.5. . . . . . . . . 0.180.25. . . 0.501.00. . .S31272 0.080121.52.000.030
43、 0.015 0.250.7514.016.014.016.01.001.400.300.600.0040.008S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.523.026.028.06.58.00.300.400.501.50TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP316L S31603 0.035D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.010.014.02.003
44、.00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP316H S31609 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP316Ti S31635 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 16.018.010.014.02.003.005(C+N)0.70. . . . . . 0.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00
45、0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.000.100.16. . . . . . . . .TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.011.014.0E2.003.00. . . . . . . . . 0.100.16. . . . . . . . .TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.011.015.03.04.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP317L S31703 0.035
46、 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.011.015.03.04.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040F 0.030 1.00 18.020.013.517.54.05.0. . . . . . . . . 0.10 . . . 0.75 . . . . . S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040F 0.030 1.00 17.020.013.517.54.05.0. . . . . . . . . 0.100.20. . . 0.75 . . . . . S317
47、27 0.03 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.519.014.516.53.84.5. . . . . . . . . 0.150.21. . . 2.84.0. . . . . . . . . . . S32053 0.03 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.024.024.026.05.06.0. . . . . . . . . 0.170.22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.012.0. . . G . . . . . . 0.
48、10 . . . . . . . . .TP321H S32109 0.040.102.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.09.012.0. . . 4(C+N)min;0.70max. . . . . . 0.10 . . . . . . . . . . . S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.86.016.519.519.022.00.301.50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.502.50. . . . . S32654 0.020 2.04.00.030 0.005 0.50 24.025.021.023.0
49、7.08.0. . . . . . . . . 0.450.55. . . 0.300.60. . . . . S33228 0.040.081.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.028.031.033.0. . . . . . 0.601.00. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050.10. . . 0.025A312/A312M144TABLE 1 ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition, %BCarbon Manga-nese Phos-phorus Sulfur Silicon Chrom-ium Nickel Molyb-denum Tita-nium Colum-biumTant
