1、Designation: A 423/A 423M 95 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Specification forSeamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 423/A 423M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification
3、2covers minimum-wall-thickness,seamless and electric-resistance welded, low-alloy steel tubesfor pressure containing parts such as economizers or otherapplications where corrosion resistance is important.1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished tothis specification are12 to 5 in. 12.7
4、to 127 mm in outsidediameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. 0.9 to 12.7 mm inclusive, inminimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions maybe furnished, provided such tubes comply with all otherrequirements of this specification.1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than1
5、4 in. 3.2 mm in inside diameter or 0.015in. 0.4 mm in thickness.1.4 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and,when desired, shall be so stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units
6、are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of th
7、is specification is specified in the order.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel TubesE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand TubingE 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examinat
8、ion of LongitudinalWelded Pipe and Tubing3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following, as required, to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (seamless or electric-resist
9、ance-welded tubes),3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Manufacture (hot finished or cold finished),3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),3.1.6 Length (specific or random),3.1.7 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or electric test,13.7),3.1.8 Test report required (see Certification Section
10、ofSpecification A 450/A 450M),3.1.9 Specification designation, and3.1.10 Special requirements and any supplementary require-ments selected.4. Manufacture4.1 Tubes made by the seamless process may be hot finishedor cold finished.5. Heat Treatment5.1 All tubes shall be normalized or given such heattre
11、atment as may be necessary to conform to the requirementsof this specification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7. Product Analysis7.1 An analysis of either one billet, one length of flat-rolledstock or one tube sh
12、all be made from each heat. The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall conform to the requirementsspecified.7.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests oftwo additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shallbe made. Both retests, for the elements in question shall
13、meet1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Sept 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originallyapproved in 1958. Las
14、t previous edition approved in 2000 as A 423/A 423M 95(2000).2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-423 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. F
15、or Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remainingmateria
16、l in the heat or lot (Note 1) shall be rejected or, at theoption of the producer, each billet, length of flat-rolled stock ortube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets, lengthsof flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet the requirementsof the specification shall be rejected.NOTE 1Fo
17、r flattening, flaring, and flange requirements, the term lotapplies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wallthickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes ofthe same size and fr
18、om the same heat which are heat treated in the samefurnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnacethe number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shallbe determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 2.NOTE 2For tensile and hardness test r
19、equirements, the term lotapplies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wallthickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes ofthe same size and the same heat which are heat tre
20、ated in the same furnacecharge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shallinclude all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnaceat the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the requ
21、irements as totensile properties prescribed in Table 3.9. Hardness Requirements9.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not exceeding170 HB or 87 HRB.10. Forming Operations10.1 Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expandingand beading without showing cracks or flaws.11. Mechanical Tests R
22、equired11.1 Tension TestOne tension test shall be made on aspecimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shallbe made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50tubes (Note 2).11.2 Flattening TestOne flattening test shall be made onspecimens from each end of one finished tube,
23、not the one usedfor the flaring or flanging test, from each lot (Note 1).11.3 Flaring Test (Seamless Tubes)One flaring test shallbe made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, notthe one used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1).11.4 Flange Test (Welded Tubes)One flange test sha
24、ll bemade on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not theone used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1).11.5 Hardness TestBrinell or Rockwell hardness testsshall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot(Note 2).11.6 Reverse Flattening TestFor welded tubes, one re-verse fl
25、attening test shall be made on a specimen from each1500 ft 460 m of finished tubing.11.7 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric TestEachtube shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test, or, instead of thistest, a nondestructive electric test may be used when specifiedby the purchaser.12. General Requ
26、irements12.1 Material furnished under this specification should con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise providedherein.13. Product Marking13.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA 450/A 450M, the marking shall i
27、nclude whether hot finishedor cold finished, and whether seamless or welded.14. Keywords14.1 seamless steel tube; steel tube; alloy; welded steel tubeTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Grade 1 Grade 2Carbon, max 0.15 0.15Manganese, max 0.55 0.501.00Phosphorus 0.060.16 0.04 maxSulfur, max 0.0
28、60 0.05Silicon, min 0.10 .Copper 0.200.60 0.301.00Chromium 0.241.31 .Nickel 0.200.70 0.401.10Molybdenum, min . 0.10TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by theContinuous ProcessSize of Tube Size of Lot2 in. 50.8 mm and over in outside diameter and0.200 in. 5.1 mm and over in wall thicknessno
29、t more than 50tubesLess than 2 in. 50.8 mm but over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter or over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter and under 0.200 in. 5.1 mmin wall thicknessnot more than 75tubes1 in. 25.4 mm or less in outside diameter not more than 125tubesTABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsTensile strength,
30、min, ksi MPa, 60 415Yield strength, min, or 50 mm,ksi MPa37 255Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 25For longitudinal strip tests a deduction for each132 in. 0.8 mm decrease in wall thicknessbelow516 in. 8 mm from the basic minimumelongation of the following percentage pointsshall be made1.25AACalc
31、ulated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest wholenumber.A 423/A 423M 95 (2004)2SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in theinquiry, contract, or order. Details of this supplemental requirement shall be ag
32、reed upon by themanufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Surface ConditionS1.1 If pickling or shot blasting, or both, are required, thisshall be specifically stated in the order and shall be done at thepurchasers expense.ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements may bec
33、ome a part of the specification when specifiedin the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or contract. These requirements shall not beconsidered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill.S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing per ASMERequestS2.1 Eac
34、h tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspectionemploying Practices E 273 or E 213 with the rejection criteriareferenced in Specification A 450/A 450M.S2.2 If Practice E 273 is employed, a 100 % volumetricinspection of the entire length of each tube shall also beperformed using one of the non-d
35、estructive electric testspermitted by Specification A 450/A 450M.S2.3 The test methods described in the supplement may notbe capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. Thiscondition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.S
36、2.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA 450/A 450M, “S2” shall be added after the gradedesignation.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressl
37、y advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, e
38、ither reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may atte
39、nd. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 423/A 423M 95 (2004)3
