1、Designation: A423/A423M 09 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Specification forSeamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A423/A423M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers minimum-wall-thickness,seamless and electric-resistance welded, low-alloy stee
3、l tubesfor pressure containing parts such as economizers or otherapplications where corrosion resistance is important.1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished tothis specification are12 to 5 in. 12.7 to 127 mm in outsidediameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. 0.9 to 12.7 mm inclusive, inminimu
4、m wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions maybe furnished, provided such tubes comply with all otherrequirements of this specification.1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than14 in. 3.2 mm in inside diameter or 0.015in. 0.4 mm in thickness.1.4 An optional supple
5、mentary requirement is provided and,when desired, shall be so stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; t
6、herefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A4
7、50/A450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon and Low Alloy Steel TubesE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone ofWelded Pipe and Tubing3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall i
8、ncludethe following, as required, to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (seamless or electric-resistance-welded tubes),3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Manufacture (hot finished or cold finished),3.1.5 Size (outside diameter
9、and minimum wall thickness),3.1.6 Length (specific or random),3.1.7 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or electric test,13.7),3.1.8 Test report required (see Certification Section ofSpecification A450/A450M),3.1.9 Specification designation, and3.1.10 Special requirements and any supplementary requir
10、e-ments selected.4. Manufacture4.1 Tubes made by the seamless process may be hot finishedor cold finished.5. Heat Treatment5.1 All tubes shall be normalized or given such heattreatment as may be necessary to conform to the requirementsof this specification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall
11、conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7. Product Analysis7.1 An analysis of either one billet, one length of flat-rolledstock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall conform to the requirementsspecified.7.2 If the
12、original test for product analysis fails, retests oftwo additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shallbe made. Both retests, for the elements in question shall meet1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is
13、 the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A423/A423M 09.DOI: 10.1520/A0423_A0423M-09R14.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Cod
14、e applications see related Specifi-cation SA-423 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onth
15、e ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remainingmaterial in the heat or lot (Note 1) shall be rejected or, at theoption of the producer, each billet, length
16、of flat-rolled stock ortube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets, lengthsof flat-rolled stock or tubes which do not meet the requirementsof the specification shall be rejected.NOTE 1For flattening, flaring, and flange requirements, the term lotapplies to all tubes prior to cutting of t
17、he same nominal size and wallthickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes ofthe same size and from the same heat which are heat treated in the samefurnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in
18、 a continuous furnacethe number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shallbe determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 2.NOTE 2For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lot appliesto all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wallt
19、hickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heattreatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes ofthe same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnacecharge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shalli
20、nclude all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnaceat the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties prescribed in Table 3.9. Hardness Requirements9.1 The tubes shall hav
21、e a hardness number not exceeding170 HB or 87 HRB.10. Forming Operations10.1 Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expandingand beading without showing cracks or flaws.11. Mechanical Tests Required11.1 Tension TestOne tension test shall be made on aspecimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes
22、. Tension tests shallbe made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50tubes (Note 2).11.2 Flattening TestOne flattening test shall be made onspecimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one usedfor the flaring or flanging test, from each lot (Note 1).11.3 Flaring Test (Seamless T
23、ubes)One flaring test shallbe made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, notthe one used for the flattening test, from each lot (Note 1).11.4 Flange Test (Welded Tubes)One flange test shall bemade on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not theone used for the flattening test, fr
24、om each lot (Note 1).11.5 Hardness TestBrinell or Rockwell hardness testsshall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot(Note 2).11.6 Reverse Flattening TestFor welded tubes, one re-verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each1500 ft 460 m of finished tubing.11.7 Hydrostatic o
25、r Nondestructive Electric TestEachtube shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test, or, instead of thistest, a nondestructive electric test may be used when specifiedby the purchaser.12. General Requirements12.1 Material furnished under this specification should con-form to the applicable requirement
26、s of the current edition ofSpecification A450/A450M, unless otherwise provided herein.13. Product Marking13.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA450/A450M, the marking shall include whether hot finishedor cold finished, and whether seamless or welded.14. Keywords14.1 seamless ste
27、el tube; steel tube; alloy; welded steel tubeTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3Carbon, max 0.15 0.15 0.06Manganese 0.55 max 0.501.00 0.701.40Phosphorus 0.060.16 0.04 max 0.020 maxSulfur, max 0.060 0.05 0.020Silicon 0.10 min . 0.55 maxCopper 0.200.60 0.301.00 0.250.45C
28、hromium 0.241.31 . .Nickel 0.200.70 0.401.10 0.50 maxMolybdenum . 0.10 min 0.20 maxAntimony . . 0.050.15TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by theContinuous ProcessSize of Tube Size of Lot2 in. 50.8 mm and over in outside diameter and0.200 in. 5.1 mm and over in wall thicknessnot more than
29、 50tubesLess than 2 in. 50.8 mm but over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter or over 1 in. 25.4 mm inoutside diameter and under 0.200 in. 5.1 mmin wall thicknessnot more than 75tubes1 in. 25.4 mm or less in outside diameter not more than 125tubesTABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsGrades 1 and2Grade 3Tensile s
30、trength, min, ksi MPa 60 415 55 380Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 37 255 33 230Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,min, %25 35For longitudinal strip tests adeduction for each132 in.0.8 mm decrease in wallthickness below516 in. 8 mmfrom the basic minimumelongation of the followingpercentage points shall bemad
31、e1.25A1.25AACalculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest wholenumber.A423/A423M 09 (2014)2SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in theinquiry, contract, or order. Details of this supplemental requireme
32、nt shall be agreed upon by themanufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Surface ConditionS1.1 If pickling or shot blasting, or both, are required, thisshall be specifically stated in the order and shall be done at thepurchasers expense.ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requir
33、ements may become a part of the specification when specifiedin the inquiry or invitation to bid, and purchase order or contract. These requirements shall not beconsidered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill.S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing per ASMER
34、equestS2.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspectionemploying Practices E273 or E213 with the rejection criteriareferenced in Specification A450/A450M.S2.2 If Practice E273 is employed, a 100 % volumetricinspection of the entire length of each tube shall also beperformed using one of
35、the non-destructive electric testspermitted by Specification A450/A450M.S2.3 The test methods described in the supplement may notbe capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. Thiscondition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and disc
36、arded.S2.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA450/A450M, “S2” shall be added after the grade designation.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are ex
37、pressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revi
38、sed, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you ma
39、y attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United Sta
40、tes. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).A423/A423M 09 (2014)3
