1、Designation: A426/A426M 13A426/A426M 18Standard Specification forCentrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A426/A426M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2 covers centrifugally cast alloy steel pipe intended for use in hi
3、gh-temperature, high-pressure service.1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels are covered. Their compositions are given in Table 1.1.3 Supplementary Requirements S1 through S12 are provided. The supplementary requirements provide for additional testsof an optional nature and, when desired, shall be so
4、 stated in the order (Section 4).1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems
5、 may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish approp
6、riate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for
7、the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA609/A609M Practice for Castin
8、gs, Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination ThereofA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and FerroalloysA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel PipeE94E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination
9、 Using Industrial Radiographic FilmE165E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryE186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412 in. (50.8 to 114 mm) Steel CastingsE208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature
10、of Ferritic SteelsE280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm) Steel CastingsE446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in ThicknessE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing2.2 ANSI Standard:4B46.1 Surface Texture2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vess
11、el Code:5Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18on Castings.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013May 1, 2018. Published Novembe
12、r 2013May 2018. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20112013 asA426/A426M - 11a.A426/A426M 13. DOI: 10.1520/A0426_A0426M-13. 10.1520/A0426_A0426M-18.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-426 in Section II of that Code.3 For r
13、eferencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W.
14、 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of
15、 an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as pub
16、lished by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specif
17、ication shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),3.1.3 Specification number,3.1.4 Grade (Table 1),3.1.5 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum w
18、all thickness),3.1.6 Length (specific or random) (Section(section on Permissible Variations in Length of Specification A999/A999M),3.1.7 End finish (Section(section on Ends of Specification A999/A999M),3.1.8 Optional Requirements S1 through S12 and Section 14.1,3.1.9 Test report required (Section(se
19、ction on Certified Test Report of Specification A999/A999M),3.1.10 Service temperature if over 1000F 540C1000 F 540 C (Note 1), and3.1.11 Special requirements or additions to specification.4. General Requirements for Delivery4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applic
20、able requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAComposition, %Grade UNSNumber Carbon ManganesePhos-phorus,maxSulfur,max Silicon Chromium MolybdenumCP1 J12521 0.25max0.30-0.80 0.030 0.025 0.10-0.50 . 0.44-0.65CP2 J1154
21、7 0.100.20 0.30-0.61 0.030 0.025 0.10-0.50 0.50-0.81 0.44-0.65CP5 J42045 0.20max0.30-0.70 0.030 0.025 0.75max4.00-6.50 0.45-0.65CP5b J51545 0.15max0.30-0.60 0.030 0.025 1.00-2.00 4.00-6.00 0.45-0.65CP9 J82090 0.20max0.30-0.65 0.030 0.025 0.25-1.00 8.00-10.00 0.90-1.20CP11 J12072 0.050.20 0.30-0.80 0
22、.030 0.025 0.60max1.00-1.50 0.44-0.65CP12 J11562 0.050.15 0.30-0.61 0.030 0.025 0.50max0.80-1.25 0.44-0.65CP15 J11522 0.15max0.30-0.60 0.030 0.025 1.15-1.65 . 0.44-0.65CP21 J31545 0.050.15 0.30-0.60 0.030 0.025 0.50max2.65-3.35 0.80-1.06CP22 J21890 0.050.15 0.30-0.70 0.030 0.025 0.60max2.00-2.75 0.9
23、0-1.20CPCA15 J91150 0.15max1.00max0.030 0.025 1.50max11.5-14.0 0.50maxTABLE 1 Composition RequirementsA,BElement, %Grade UNSNumber Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium MolybdenumCP1 J12521 0.25 0.300.80 0.030 0.025 0.100.50 . 0.440.65CP2 J11547 0.100.20 0.300.61 0.030 0.025 0.100.50 0
24、.500.81 0.440.65CP5 J42045 0.20 0.300.70 0.030 0.025 0.75 4.006.50 0.450.65CP5b J51545 0.15 0.300.60 0.030 0.025 1.002.00 4.006.00 0.450.65CP9 J82090 0.20 0.300.65 0.030 0.025 0.251.00 8.0010.00 0.901.20CP11 J12072 0.050.20 0.300.80 0.030 0.025 0.60 1.001.50 0.440.65CP12 J11562 0.050.15 0.300.61 0.0
25、30 0.025 0.50 0.801.25 0.440.65CP15 J11522 0.15 0.300.60 0.030 0.025 1.151.65 . 0.440.65CP21 J31545 0.050.15 0.300.60 0.030 0.025 0.50 2.653.35 0.801.06CP22 J21890 0.050.15 0.300.70 0.030 0.025 0.60 2.002.75 0.901.20CPCA15 J91150 0.15 1.00 0.030 0.025 1.50 11.514.0 0.50A Where ellipses appear in thi
26、s table, there is no requirement.requirement, and the element need not be analyzed or reported.B All values are maximums unless a range is provided.A426/A426M 1825. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Heat-TreatmentHeat TreatmentThe pipe shall be furnished in the austenitized and tempered condition (Note 1
27、) accordingto the requirements of Table 2.5.1.1 Heat treatment shall be performed after the pipe has been allowed to cool below the transformation range. Definition ofheat-treatment heat treatment terms shall be as given in Terminology A941.NOTE 1It is recommended that the temperature for tempering
28、should be at least 100F 55C100 F 55 C above the intended service temperature.The purchaser shall advise the manufacturer of the service temperature when it is over 1000F 540C.1000 F 540 C. (See 3.1.10.)5.2 MachiningThe pipe shall be machined on the inner and outer surfaces to a roughness value no gr
29、eater than 250 in.250 in. 6.35 m arithmetical average deviation (AA) from the mean line unless otherwise specified as in ANSI B46.1.6. Chemical AnalysisComposition6.1 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elementsspecified in Table 1.
30、 The analysis shall be made on a test sample taken preferablepreferably during the pouring of the heat. Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.6.2 Product AnalysisA product analysis may be made by the purchaser. The sample for analysis shall be
31、 selected so as to berepresentative of the pipe being analyzed. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements of Table1.TABLE 2 Heat Treatment RequirementsGrade AustenitizingTreatmentTemperingTemperature,min, unlessa range isshown,F CCP1 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1100 5
32、95CP2 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1100 595CP5 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1250 675CP5b Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1250 675CP9 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1250 675CP11 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1100 595CP12 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1100 595CP15 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1100 595CP21 Normalizedor Liq
33、uidQuenched1250 675CP22 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1250 675CPCA15 Normalizedor LiquidQuenched1250 675A426/A426M 1837. Tensile and Hardness Requirements7.1 Steel used for the castings shall conform to the tensile and hardness requirements specified in Table 3.8. Permissible Variations in Dimensions8.
34、1 ThicknessThe wall thickness shall not vary over that specified by more than 18 in. 3 mm. There shall be no variationunder the specified wall thickness.9. Number of Tests9.1 One tension and one hardness test shall be made from each heat.9.2 If a specimen is machined improperly or if flaws are revea
35、led by machining or during testing, the specimen may bediscarded and another substituted from the same heat.10. Retests10.1 If the results of the mechanical tests for any heat do not conform to the requirements specified, the castings may bereheat-treated reheat treated and retested, but may not be
36、re-austenitized more than twice.11. Test Specimens11.1 Test coupons from which tension test specimens are prepared shall be removed from heat-treated casting prolongations.11.2 When agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, test coupons from which test specimens are prepared shallbe ca
37、st attached to separate blocks from the same heat as the casting represented. The test blocks shall be heat treated in the samemanner as the casting represented.11.3 Tension test specimens shall be machined to the form and dimensions of the standard round 2-in. 50-mm gage lengthspecimens shown in Fi
38、g. 6 of Test Methods and Definitions A370.12. Hydrostatic Test12.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested in accordance with Specification A999/A999M.12.2 When agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser and so stated in the order, the hydrostatic test may be deferredand shall
39、be performed later by the purchaser. Pipe furnished without the hydrostatic test shall include with the mandatory markingthe letters “NH.” The manufacturer is responsible for the satisfactory performance of the casting when it is tested.12.3 When certification is required by the purchaser and the hy
40、drostatic test has been omitted, the certification shall clearly state“not hydrostatically tested.” The specification number and material grade shown on the certification shall be followed by the letters“NH.”TABLE 3 Tensile Properties and Hardness RequirementsTensile strength, min: psi MPaGrade CP1
41、65 000 450Grades CP11, CP22 70 000 485Grades CP5, CP9, CPCA15 90 000 620All other grades 60 000 415Yield strength, min: psi MPaGrade CP1 35 000 240Grades CP11, CP22 40 000 275Grades CP5, CP9 60 000 415Grade CPCA15 65 000 450All other grades 30 000 205Elongation, min: %AGrade CP1 24Grades CP11, CP22
42、20Grades CP5, CP9, CPCA15 18All other grades 22Reduction of area, min: %Grades CP1, CP2, CP11, CP12, CP15,CP21, CP22, CP5, CP5b, CP7, CP935Grade CPCA15 30Hardness: HBWGrades CP5, CP5b, CP9, CPCA15, max 225All other grades, max 201A Elongation inis 2 in. 50 mm using a standard round specimen, in eith
43、er thetransverse or longitudinal direction.A426/A426M 18413. Visual Inspection13.1 The surface of the casting shall be free from cracks and hot tears as determined by visual examination. Other surfaceimperfections shall be judged in accordance with visual acceptance criteria which may be specified i
44、n the order.14. Rework and Retreatment14.1 Defects as defined in Section 13 shall be removed and their removal verified by visual inspection of the resultant cavities.Defects that are located by inspecting with supplementary requirementsSupplementary Requirement S6, S7, S8, or S9 shall beremoved or
45、reduced to an acceptable size.14.2 If removal of the defect does not infringe upon the minimum wall thickness, the depression may be blended uniformly intothe surrounding surface.14.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringes upon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permitted subj
46、ectto the purchasers approval. The composition of the weld rod used shall be suitable for the composition of the metal being welded.14.3.1 Only welders and procedures qualified in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, shall beused. All repair welds will be inspected to th
47、e same quality standards used to inspect the casting.14.4 Local or full heat treatment in accordance with tempering temperatures specified in 5.1 shall follow welding.15. Rejection15.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not meet there
48、quirements of the specification based on the inspection and test method as outlined in the specification, the pipe may be rejectedand the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition of rejected pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.16. Product Marking16.1 Each
49、 length of pipe shall be legibly marked with the manufacturers name or brand, the specification number, and grade.In addition, heat numbers or serial numbers that are traceable to heat numbers shall be marked on each length of pipe.17. Keywords17.1 alloy steel; centrifugal; ferritic; high-temperature service; pipe; stainless steel; steel castingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified b
