1、Designation: A473 15A473 16Standard Specification forStainless Steel Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A473; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferriti
3、c, and martensitic stainless steel forgings for general use, andfor low- or high-temperature service.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not co
4、nsidered standard.1.3 Supplementary requirements from Specification A788/A788M may be specified when additional testing, inspection, orprocessing is required.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA751 Test Methods, Practi
5、ces, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General RequirementsA1058 Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsMetricE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in
6、the Unified Numbering System (UNS)3. Ordering Information3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of
7、 pieces),3.1.2 Dimensions, including prints or sketches,3.1.3 Name of material (stainless steel forgings),3.1.4 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),3.1.5 Condition (Table 2), and3.1.6 ASTM designation and date of issue.3.1.7 Test for magnetic permeability if specified by customer purchase order when o
8、rdering Types 207 and 205.3.1.8 Special requirements.3.2 If possible the intended end use of the item should be given on the purchase order especially when the item is ordered fora specific end use or uses.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 5 stainless steel forgings, Type 410, Desi
9、gnation A, ASTM Specification A473 dated _.End use: pump blocks for oil well equipment.4. General Requirements4.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlinesadditional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing
10、and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06o
11、n Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved May 1, 2015May 1, 2016. Published June 2015May 2016. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 asA473 13.A473 15. DOI: 10.1520/A0473-15.10.1520/A0473-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm
12、.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what cha
13、nges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the offi
14、cial document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAUNSDesig-nationBTypeNum-NumberberCarbon,%Manga-nese,%Phos-pho-phorus,rus,%Sul
15、fur,%Silicon,%Chromium,%Nickel,%Molyb-denum, %Nitro-Nitrogen,gen, %OtherElements,%Austenitic GradesS20100 201 0.15 5.57.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 3.55.5 . . . 0.25S20100 201 0.15 5.57.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 3.55.5 . . . 0.25S20200 202 0.15 7.510.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 4.06.0 . . . 0.25S2
16、0200 202 0.15 7.510.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 4.06.0 . . . 0.25S20500 205 0.120.25 14.015.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.518.0 1.001.75 . . . 0.320.40S20500 205 0.120.25 14.015.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.518.0 1.001.75 . . . 0.320.40S21900 XM-10 0.08 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S21900
17、 XM-10 0.08 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S21904 XM-11 0.04 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S21904 XM-11 0.04 8.010.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.021.5 5.57.5 . . . 0.150.40S28200 . . . 0.15 17.019.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 . . . 0.751.25 0.400.60 Cu 0.751.2
18、5S30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . 0.10S30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . 0.10S30215 302B 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 2.003.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . .S30215 302B 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 2.003.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . .S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0
19、.15 min 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 0.60C . . .S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 0.60C . . .S30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.06 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 minS30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.06 1.00 17.019.0 8.010.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 minS30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030
20、1.00 18.020.0 8.010.5 . . . 0.10S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.010.5 . . . 0.10S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.012.0 . . . 0.10S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 8.012.0 . . . 0.10S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 10.513.0 . . . . . .S3
21、0800 308 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.021.0 10.012.0 . . . . . .S30815 . . . 0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.402.00 20.022.0 10.012.0 . . . 0.140.20 Ce 0.030.08S30900 309 0.20 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.0 12.015.0 . . . . . .S30908 309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.024.0 12.015.0 . . . . . .S31000 310 0
22、.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.026.0 19.022.0 . . . . . .S31008 310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.026.0 19.022.0 . . . . . .S31254 . . . 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.180.25 Cu 0.501.00S31254 . . . 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.520.5 17.518.5 6.06.5 0.180.25 Cu 0.501.00S3140
23、0 314 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.503.00 23.026.0 19.022.0 . . . . . .S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S31603 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00 0.10S31700 317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 11.015.0 3.04.0 0.10S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045
24、0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 . . . . . . Ti 5C minS32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 . . . . . . Ti 5C minS34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minS34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minS34800 348 0.08
25、 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minS34800 348 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.013.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10C,minTa 0.10Co 0.20Austenitic-Ferritic GradesS32550D . . . 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0-27.0 4.5-6.5 2.9-3.9 0.10-0.25 Cu 1.502.50S32760D . . . 0.030 1.00 0.
26、030 0.010 1.00 24.026.0 6.08.0 3.04.0 0.200.30 Cu 0.501.00W 0.501.00S32950 . . . 0.03 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 26.029.0 3.55.2 1.002.50 0.150.35Ferritic GradesS40500 405 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.514.5 0.60 . . . . . . A1 0.100.30S42900 429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.016.0 0.75 . . . . . .S43000
27、 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 0.75 . . . . . .S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 16.018.0 0.75 0.60C . . .S43023S44600430F Se4460.120.201.251.500.060.0400.060.0301.001.0016.018.023.027.00.750.75. . . . . . .0.25Se 0.15 minMartensitic GradesS40300 403 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 11.51
28、3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .S41008 410S 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .S41400 414 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.513.5 1.252.50 . . . . . . . . .S41425 . . . 0.05 0.501.00 0.020 0.005 0.50 12.015.0 4.07.0 1
29、.502.00 0.060.12 Cu 0.30S41500 E 0.05 0.51.0 0.030 0.030 0.60 11.514.0 3.55.5 0.400.80 . . .S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 12.014.0 . . . 0.60C . . .S41623 416 Se 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 12.014.0 . . . . . . . . . Se 0.15 minS42000 420 Over 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.014.0 . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . .S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.017.0 1.252.50 . . . . . . . . .A473 1624.2 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Material for forgings shal
31、l consist of ingots or blooms, billets, slabs, or bars, either forged or rolled from an ingot, and cutto the required length by a suitable process.5.2 The material shall be forged by hammering, pressing, rolling, extruding, or upsetting. It shall be brought as nearly aspossible to the finished shape
32、 and size by hot-working; and shall be processed, if practicable, so as to cause metal-flow during thehot-working operation in the direction most favorable for resisting the stresses encountered in service as may be indicated to themanufacturer by the purchaser.UNSDesig-nationBTypeNum-NumberberCarbo
33、n,%Manga-nese,%Phos-pho-phorus,rus,%Sulfur,%Silicon,%Chromium,%Nickel,%Molyb-denum, %Nitro-Nitrogen,gen, %OtherElements,%S44002 440A 0.600.75 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .S44003 440B 0.750.95 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .S44004 440C 0.951.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00
34、16.018.0 . . . 0.75 . . .A Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated.B New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086.C At manufacturers option; reported only when intentionally added.D % Cr + 3.3 % Mo + 16 % N $ 40.E Wrought version of CA6NM.A473 163TABLE 2 Mechanic
35、al Property RequirementsType ConditionYield Strength, min,min, ksi(MPa)ATensile Strength,min, ksiksi (MPa)Elongationin 2 in.(50 mm) or4D, min %Reductionof Area,min, %BrinellHardnessNumber,maxAustenitic Grades201, 302, 302B, 303, 303SE, 305, 308, 309,309S, 310, 310S, 314, 317, 321, 347, 348A 30 (205)
36、 75 (515) 40 50 . . .201, 302, 302B, 303, 303SE, 305, 308, 309,309S, 310, 310S, 314, 317, 321, 347, 348A 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .202 A 45 (310) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .202 A 45 (310) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .205 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .205 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections 5 in
37、. (127 mm) andUnderA 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections 5 in. (127 mm) andUnderA 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections Over 5 in. (127 mm) A 30 (205) 70 (485) 40 50 . . .304 and 316, Sections Over 5 in. (127 mm) A 30 (205) 70 (485) 40 50 . . .304L and 316L A 25 (170) 65
38、(450) 40 50 . . .304L and 316L A 25 (170) 65 (450) 40 50 . . .XM-10 and XM-11 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 45 60 . . .XM-10 and XM-11 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 45 60 . . .S28200 A 60 (415) 110 (760) 40 55 . . .S28200 A 60 (415) 110 (760) 40 55 . . .S30815 A 45 (310) 87 (600) 40 50 . . .S30815 A 45 (310) 87 (600) 4
39、0 50 . . .S31254 A 44 (300) 95 (650) 35 50 . . .S31254 A 44 (300) 95 (650) 35 50 . . .Austenitic-Ferritic GradesS32550 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25.0 . . . 290S32550 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25.0 . . . 290S32950 A 70 (480) 100 (690) 15 . . . 293S32950 A 70 (480) 100 (690) 15 . . . 293S32760 A 80 (550) 109 (7
40、50) 25 . . . 290S32760 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25 . . . 290Ferritic Grades430F, 430FSE, 446 A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223430F, 430FSE, 446 A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223405 A 30 (205) 60 (415) 20 45 207405 A 30 (205) 60 (415) 20 45 207429 A 35 (240) 65 (450) 23 45 207429 A 35 (240) 65 450) 23 45 207430
41、A 35 (240) 70 (485) 20 45 217430 A 35 (240) 70 (485) 20 45 217Martensitic Grades403, 410, 416, 416SE A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223403, 410, 416, 416SE A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223410S A 35 (240) 65 (450) 22 45 217410S A 35 (240) 65 (450) 22 45 217414 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298414 A .
42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 321T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 321H 100 (690) 125 (860) 15 45 321H 100 (690) 125 (860) 15 45 321S41425 T 120 (825) 95 (655) 15 45 321S41425 T 95 (655) 120 (825) 15 45 321S41500 normalized andtempered90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 295S41500 no
43、rmalized andtempered90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 295420 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223420 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223431 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277B431 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277BT 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 . . . 321T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 . . . 321H 13
44、5 (930) 175 (1210) 13 . . . 440H 135 (930) 175 (1210) 13 . . . 440440A, 440B, 440C A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269440A, 440B, 440C A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269A Yield strength shall be determined by the 0.2 % offset method in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.A
45、n alternative method of determining yield strengthmay be used based on a total extension under load of 0.5 %.A473 1645.3 When specified on the order, a sample forging may be sectioned and etched to show flow lines and the condition as regardsinternal imperfections. When so specified, the question of
46、 acceptable and unacceptable metal-flow shall be subject to agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser prior to order entry.5.4 When specified on the order, the manufacturer shall submit for approval of the purchaser a sketch showing the shape of therough forging before machining, or before
47、 heat treating for mechanical properties.5.5 The grain size shall be as fine as practicable and precautions shall be taken to minimize grain growth.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Except for S31254, the austenitic steels shall receive a solution heat treatment, consisting of heating the material to aminimum te
48、mperature of 1900F (1040C), followed by cooling rapidly in air or water.6.2 S31254 shall receive a solution heat treatment, consisting of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 2100F(1150C) followed by cooling rapidly in air or water.6.3 When specified,Types 347, 348, and 321 shall receive
49、 a stabilization heat treatment in addition to the solution heat treatmentspecified in 6.1, which shall consist of holding the forgings at 1550 to 1750F (845 to 955C) for 1 h for each inch of sectionthickness with a minimum holding time of 2 h, followed by air-cooling or water quenching. The stabilization heat treatment is notusually specified, unless these steels are intended for severely
