1、Designation: A 501 07Standard Specification forHot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel StructuralTubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers black and hot
3、-dipped galva-nized hot-formed welded and seamless carbon steel square,round, rectangular, or special shape structural tubing forwelded, riveted, or bolted construction of bridges and build-ings, and for general structural purposes.1.2 Square and rectangular tubing is furnished in sizes 1 to32 in. (
4、25.4 to 813 mm) across flat sides with wall thicknesses0.095 to 3.00 in. (2.41 to 76 mm), dependent upon size; roundtubing is furnished in NPS12 to NPS 24 (see Note 1) inclusive,with nominal (average) wall thicknesses 0.109 to 1.000 in.(2.77 to 25.40 mm), dependent upon size. Special shape tubingand
5、 tubing with other dimensions is permitted to be furnished,provided that such tubing complies with all other requirementsof this specification.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and
6、“nominal size.”1.3 This specification covers the following grades:1.3.1 Grade A 36 000 psi (250 MPa) min yield strength.1.3.2 GradeB50 000psi(345 MPa) min yield strength.1.4 An optional supplementary requirement is provided forGrade B and, when desired, shall be so stated on the order.1.5 The follow
7、ing precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method portion of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associ-ated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand
8、determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 The text of thi
9、s specification contains notes and foot-notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and foot-notes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain anymandatory requirements.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 53/A 53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-
10、Coated, Welded and SeamlessA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for ShipmentA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA 941 Terminology Relati
11、ng to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys2.2 AIAG Standard:3B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication, refer to Terminology A 941.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall
12、containinformation concerning as many of the following items as arerequired to describe the desired material adequately:4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),4.1.2 Name of material (hot-formed tubing),4.1.3 Grade (A or B)4.1.4 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded) (seeSection 6),4.1.5 Fini
13、sh (black or galvanized),4.1.6 Size (outside diameter and calculated nominal wallthickness for round tubing and the outside dimensions andcalculated nominal wall thickness for square and rectangulartubing (Section 11),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stain
14、less Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 501 01(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards, vis
15、it the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield,
16、 MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.7 Length (random, multiple, or specific; see 12.3),4.1.8 End condition (see 17.3),4.1
17、.9 Burr removal (see 17.3),4.1.10 Certification (see Section 19),4.1.11 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,4.1.12 End use,4.1.13 Special requirements, and4.1.14 Bar coding (see 20.3).5. Process5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the followingprocesses: open-hearth, basic-oxyg
18、en, or electric-furnace.5.2 When steels of different grades are sequentially strandcast, the steel producer shall identify the resultant transitionmaterial and remove it using an established procedure thatpositively separates the grades.6. Manufacture6.1 The tubing shall be made by one of the follow
19、ingprocesses: seamless; furnace-butt welding (continuous weld-ing); electric-resistance welding or submerged arc weldingfollowed by reheating throughout the cross section and hotforming by a reducing or shaping process, or both.7. Heat Analysis7.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirements
20、specified in Table 1 for heat analysis.8. Product Analysis8.1 The tubing shall be capable of conforming to therequirements specified in Table 1 for product analysis.8.2 If product analyses are made, they shall be made usingtest specimens taken from two lengths of tubing from each lotof 500 lengths,
21、or fraction thereof, or two pieces of flat-rolledstock from each lot of a corresponding quantity of flat-rolledstock. Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis shallbe in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminol-ogy A 751. Such product analyses shall conform to therequirements
22、 specified in Table 1 for product analysis.8.3 If both product analyses representing a lot fail toconform to the specified requirements, the lot shall be rejected.8.4 If only one product analysis representing a lot fails toconform to the specified requirements, product analyses shallbe made using tw
23、o additional test specimens taken from the lot.Both additional product analyses shall conform to the specifiedrequirements or the lot shall be rejected.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimen, shallconform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribedin
24、 Table 2.9.2 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent offsetof 0.2 % of the gauge length of the specimen or to a totalextension of 0.5 % of the gauge length under load shall bedetermined.10. Charpy V-Notch Impact Test10.1 The Charpy V-notch impact test applies to Grade Bonly and wall thicknes
25、s greater than 0.312 in. (8 mm).10.1.1 Charpy V-notch tests shall be made in accordancewith Test Methods and Definitions A 37010.1.2 One Charpy V-notch impact test shall be made froma length of tubing representing each lot.10.1.3 The test results of full-size longitudinal specimensshall meet an aver
26、age value of 20 ft-lb at 0 F (-18 C).11. Dimensions11.1 Square Structural TubingThe outside dimensions(across the flats), the weight per foot, and the calculatednominal wall thickness of common sizes of square structuraltubing included in this specification are listed in Table 3.11.2 Rectangular Str
27、uctural TubingThe outside dimen-sions (across the flats), the weight per foot, and the calculatednominal wall thickness of common sizes of rectangular struc-tural tubing included in this specification are listed in Table 4.11.3 Round Structural TubingThe NPS and outside diam-eter dimensions, the wei
28、ght per foot, and the calculatednominal wall thickness of common sizes of round structuraltubing included in this specification are listed in Table 5.11.4 Special Shape Structural TubingThe dimensions andtolerances of special shape structural tubing are available byinquiry and negotiation with the m
29、anufacturer.11.5 Other SizesThe dimensional tolerances for hot-formed welded and seamless structural tubing manufactured inaccordance with the requirements of this specification, but withordered dimensions other than those listed in Table 3, Table 4,and Table 5, shall be consistent with those given
30、in thisspecification for similar sizes and type of product.12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Square,Round, Rectangular, and Special Shape StructuralTubing12.1 Outside Dimensions:TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAComposition, %Grade A Grade BElementHeatanalysisProductanalysisHeatanalysisProduct
31、analysisCarbon, max 0.26 0.30 0.22B0.26Manganese, max . . 1.40B1.45Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.045 0.030 0.040Sulfur, max 0.035 0.045 0.020 0.030Copper, when copper steel is specified, min 0.20 0.18 0.20 0.18AWhere an ellipsis (.) appears in this table, there is no requirement.BFor each reduction of 0.0
32、1 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum formanganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 % by heat analysis and 1.60 % by product analysis.A50107212.1.1 Round Structural TubingFor round hot-formedstructural tubing
33、NPS 2 and over, the outside diameter shall notvary more than 61 % from the specified outside diameter. ForNPS 112 and under, the outside diameter shall not vary morethan164 in. (0.40 mm) over or more than132 in. (0.79 mm)under the specified outside diameter.12.1.2 Square, Rectangular, and Special Sh
34、ape StructuralTubingThe outside dimensions, measured across the flats atpositions at least 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the ends of the tubing,shall not vary from the specified outside dimensions by morethan the applicable amount given in Table 6, which includes anallowance for convexity or concavity.12.2 W
35、eightThe weight of the structural tubing shall benot more than 3.5 % under its theoretical weight, as calculatedusing its length and the applicable weight per unit length givenin Table 3, Table 4,orTable 5.12.3 LengthStructural tubing is commonly produced inrandom lengths of 16 to 22 ft. (4.9 to 6.7
36、 m) or 32 to 44 ft. (9.8to 13.4 m), in multiple lengths, and in specific lengths. Whenspecific lengths are ordered, the permissible variations inlength shall be as given in Table 7.12.4 StraightnessThe permissible variation for straight-ness of structural tubing shall be18 in. times the number of fe
37、et(10.4 mm times the number of metres) of total length dividedby five.12.5 Squareness of SidesFor perpendicular and rectangu-lar tubing, adjacent sides shall be square (90), with a permis-sible variation of 62.12.6 Radius of CornersFor square and rectangular struc-tural tubing, the radius of each ou
38、tside corner of the sectionshall not exceed three times the calculated nominal wallthickness.12.7 TwistFor square, rectangular, and special shapestructural tubing, the permissible variations in twist shall be asgiven in Table 8. Twist shall be determined by holding one endof the tubing down on a fla
39、t surface plate, measuring the heightthat each corner on the bottom side of the tubing extends abovethe surface plate near the opposite end of the tubing, andcalculating the twist (the difference in the measured heights ofsuch corners), except that for heavier sections it shall bepermissible to use
40、a suitable measuring device to determinetwist. Twist measurements shall not be taken within 2 in. (50.8mm) of the ends of the tubing.13. Number of Tests13.1 One tension test as specified in 15.2 shall be made froma length of tubing representing each lot.13.2 The term “lot” shall apply to all tubes o
41、f the samespecified size that are produced from the same heat of steel.14. Retests14.1 If the results of the mechanical tests representing anylot fail to conform to the applicable requirements specified inSections 9 and 10, the lot shall be rejected or retested usingadditional tubing of double the o
42、riginal number from the lot.The lot shall be acceptable if the results of all such retestsrepresenting the lot conform to the specified requirements.14.2 If one or both of the retests specified in 14.1 fail toconform to the applicable requirements specified in Sections 9and 10, the lot shall be reje
43、cted or, subsequent to the manu-facturer heat treating, reworking, or otherwise eliminating thecondition responsible for the failure, the lot shall be treated asa new lot and tested accordingly.15. Test Method15.1 Tension test specimens shall conform to the applicablerequirements of Test Methods and
44、 Definitions A 370, AnnexA2.15.2 Tension test specimens shall be full-size longitudinaltest specimens or longitudinal strip test specimens. For weldedtubing, any longitudinal strip test specimens shall be takenfrom a location at least 90 from the weld and shall be preparedwithout flattening in the g
45、auge length. Longitudinal strip testspecimens shall have all burrs removed. Tension test specimensshall not contain surface imperfections that would interferewith proper determination of the tensile properties.15.3 The yield strength corresponding to an offset of 0.2 %of the gauge length or to a tot
46、al extension under load of 0.5 %of the gauge length shall be determined.16. Galvanized Coatings16.1 For structural tubing required to be hot-dipped galva-nized, such coating shall comply with the requirements con-tained in Specification A 53/A 53M, except that the manufac-turer shall additionally ha
47、ve the option of determining thecoating weight using only the values obtained for the coatingon the outside surface of the tubing.17. Inspection17.1 All tubing shall be inspected at the place of manufac-ture to ensure conformance with the requirements of thisspecification.17.2 The structural tubing
48、shall be free of defects and shallhave a commercially smooth finish.17.2.1 Surface imperfections shall be classed as defectswhen one or more of the following conditions exist:17.2.1.1 The depth of the imperfections exceeds 15 % of thecalculated nominal wall thickness.17.2.1.2 The imperfections mater
49、ially affect the appearanceof the structural tubing.17.2.1.3 At any location, the length of the imperfections,measured in the transverse direction, in combination with theirdepth materially reduce the total cross sectional area of thestructural tubing.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade A Grade BTensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 58 000 (400) 70 000 (483)Yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 36 000 (250) 50 000 (345)Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 23 23A501073TABLE 3 Dimensions of Common Sizes of Square StructuralTubingSize Given in OutsideDimensions Across F
