1、Designation:A511/A511M11 Designation: A511/A511M 12Standard Specification forSeamless Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A511/A511M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification cove
3、rs seamless stainless tubing for use in mechanical applications where corrosion-resistant orhigh-temperature strength is needed. The grades covered are listed in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3.1.2 This specification covers seamless cold-finished mechanical tubing and seamless hot-finished mechanical
4、tubing in sizes upto 1234 in. 325 mm in outside nominal diameter (for round tubing) with wall thicknesses as required.1.3 Tubes shall be furnished in one of the following shapes, as specified by the purchaser: round, square, rectangular, or special.1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provide
5、d and when desired, shall be stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in squarebrackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of
6、theother.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless SteelTubesE59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Det
7、ermination of Chemical Composition2.2 Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment and Storage32.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material unde
8、r this specification should include the following as required to describe the desired materialadequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, mass, or number of pieces),3.1.2 Name of material (seamless stainless steel mechanical tubing),3.1.3 Form (round, square, rectangular, special, see Section 1),3.1.4 Dimensio
9、ns (round, outside diameter and wall thickness, see Section 9; square and rectangular, outside dimensions andwall thickness, see Section 10; other, specify),3.1.5 Length (specific or random, see 9.3),3.1.6 Manufacture (cold- or hot-finished, see 4.5),3.1.7 Grade (Section 6),3.1.8 Condition (annealed
10、, as cold worked, or with special heat treatment, controlled microstructural characteristics, or othercondition as required, see Section 5),3.1.9 Surface finish (special pickling, shot blasting, or polishing, as required, see Supplementary Requirement S5),1This specification is under the jurisdictio
11、n of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products .Current edition approved Oct.March 1, 2011.2012. Published November 2011.April 2012. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous e
12、dition approved in 20082011 asA511/A511M08.A511/A511M11. DOI: 10.1520/A0511_A0511M-112.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
13、ry page on the ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1This document is not an ASTM standard and i
14、s intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the
15、 current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.10 Specification desi
16、gnation,3.1.11 Report of Chemical Analysis, if required (Sections 7 and 8),3.1.12 Individual supplementary requirements, if required,3.1.13 End use,3.1.14 Packaging,3.1.15 Special marking (see 15.2),3.1.16 Special packing (see 16.2), and3.1.17 Special requirements.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The
17、 steel may be made by any process.4.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser, it shall be as stated on the purchase order.4.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, such aselectroslag remelting or vacuum-arc re
18、melting. If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the ingotsremelted from a single primary heat.4.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast, identificationTABLE 1 Chemical Requirements of Austenitic St
19、ainless SteelsGradeComposition, %CarbonManga-nese, maxPhos-pho-rus,maxSul-fur,maxSilicon,maxNickel Chromium MolybdenumTitaniumColumbiumplusTantalumSeleniumMT 302 0.08 to 0.20 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.010.0 17.019.0 . . . .MT 303 0.15 max 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 8.010.0 17.019.0 . . . .MT 303Se 0.15 m
20、ax 2.00 0.040 0.040 1.00 8.011.0 17.019.0 . . . 0.120.2MT 304 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.011.0 18.020.0 . . . .MT 304L 0.035 maxA2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.013.0 18.020.0 . . . .MT 305 0.12 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.013.0 17.019.0 . . . .MT 309S 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.015.0 22.024.0 . .
21、 . .MT 310S 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.022.0 24.026.0 . . . .MT 316 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.014.0 16.018.0 2.03.0 . . .MT 316L 0.035 maxA2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.015.0 16.018.0 2.03.0 . . .MT 317 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.014.0 18.020.0 3.04.0 . . .MT 321 0.08 max 2.00 0.040
22、 0.030 1.00 9.013.0 17.020.0 .B. .MT 347 0.08 max 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 9.013.0 17.020.0 . .C.AFor small diameter or thin wall tubing or both, where many drawing passes are required, a maximum of 0.040 % carbon is necessary in grades MT-304L and MT-316L.Small outside diameter tubes are defined as th
23、ose under a 0.500 in. 12.7 mm outside diameter and light-wall tubes as those under a 0.049 in. 1.2 mm average wallthickness (0.044 in. 1.1 mm min wall thickness).BThe titanium content shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.60 %.CThe columbium plus tantalum content s
24、hall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00 %.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements of Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless SteelsGradeComposition, %Carbon, maxManga-nese,maxPhos-phorus,maxSulfur,maxSilicon,maxNickel ChromiumMolyb-denumAluminum Copper NitrogenSeleniumMartensiticM
25、T 403 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 0.50 max 11.513.0 0.60 maxMT 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 11.513.5 . . . . .MT 414 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.252.50 11.513.5 . . . . .MT 416Se 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.060 1.00 0.50 max 12.014.0 . . . . 0.120.20MT 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.252.50 15.017
26、.0 . . . . .MT 440A 0.60 to 0.75 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 . 16.018.0 0.75 max . . . .FerriticMT 405 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 11.514.5 . 0.100.30 . . .MT 429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 14.016.0 . . . . .MT 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 16.018.0 . . . . .MT 443 0.20 1.00 0.0
27、40 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 18.023.0 . . 0.901.25 . .MT 4461 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 23.030.0 . . . 0.25 max .MT 4462A0.12 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 23.030.0 . . . 0.25 max .29-4 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 0.15 max 28.030.0 3.54.2 . 0.15 max 0.020 max .29-4-2 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20
28、 2.02.5 28.030.0 3.54.2 . 0.15 max 0.020 maxB.AMT446-2 is a lower carbon version of MT446-1, that has a lower tensile strength but improved ductility and toughness.BCarbon plus nitrogen = 0.025 max %.A511/A511M 122of the resultant transition material is required. The producer shall remove the transi
29、tion material by an established procedure thatpositively separates the grades.4.5 The tubes shall be made by a seamless process and by either cold working or hot working as specified. Seamless steel tubingis a tubular product made without a welded seam. It is usually manufactured by hot working stee
30、l and then cold finishing thehot-worked tubing to produce the desired shape, dimensions, and properties.5. Condition5.1 Round seamless stainless mechanical tubing is generally supplied in the cold-worked and annealed condition (see 5.2through 5.5). Square, rectangular, or other shapes of tubing are
31、generally supplied annealed prior to final cold shaping. If someother condition is desired, details shall be included in the order.5.2 The thermal treatment for ferritic and martensitic steels shall be performed by a method and at a temperature selected bythe manufacturer unless otherwise specified
32、by the purchaser.5.3 Unless otherwise specified, all austenitic tubes shall be furnished in the annealed condition. The anneal shall consist ofheating the material to a minimum temperature of 1900 F 1040 C and quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means.Alternatively, immediately following
33、hot forming while the temperature of the tubes is not less than the specified minimumsolution treatment temperature, tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means. This anneal shallprecede final cold work, when cold-worked tempers are required.5.4 All austenitic-ferrit
34、ic tubes shall be furnished in the annealed condition as prescribed in Table 4. Alternatively, immediatelyfollowing hot forming, while the temperature of the tubes is not less than the specified minimum solution treatment temperature,tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by o
35、ther means.5.5 If any controlled microstructural characteristics are required, these shall be specified so as to be a guide to the most suitableheat treatment.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3.
36、 Othergrades are available.TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements of Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless SteelsAGrade Composition, %Carbon Manganese, max Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max Silicon, max Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper OthersS31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.57.5 24.026.0 2.53.5 0.100.30 0.20
37、0.80 W 0.100.50S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.56.5 21.023.0 2.53.5 0.080.20 . .S32101 0.040 4.06.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.351.70 21.022.0 0.100.80 0.200.25 0.100.80 .S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.56.5 22.023.0 3.03.5 0.140.20 .S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.05.5 21.524.5 0.050.60 0.05
38、0.20 0.050.60 .S32506 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 5.57.2 24.026.0 3.03.5 0.080.20 . W 0.050.30S32550 0.040 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.56.5 24.027.0 2.93.9. 0.100.25 1.502.50 .S32707 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.50 5.59.5 26.029.0 4.05.0 0.300.50 1.0 Co 0.52.0S32750 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.08.0 24.026
39、.0 3.05.0 0.240.32 0.50 .S32760B0.05 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.08.0 24.026.0 3.04.0 0.200.30 0.501.00 W 0.501.00S32906 0.030 0.80-1.50 0.030 0.030 0.80 5.87.5 28.030.0 1.502.60 0.300.40 0.80 .S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 7.08.2 27.027.9 0.801.20 0.300.40 W 2.102.50S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0
40、.60 3.55.2 26.029.0 1.002.50 0.150.35 . .S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.08.0 24.026.0 2.53.5 0.240.32 0.200.80 W 1.502.50AMaximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (.) appear in this table, there is no m requiniremument and analysis for the element need notbe determined o
41、r reported.B%Cr+3.3X%Mo+16X%N$ 40.TABLE 4 Heat Treatment of Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless SteelsGrade Temperature F C QuenchS31260 1870-2010 1020-1100 rapid cooling in air or waterS31803 1870-2010 1020-1100 rapid cooling in air or waterS32101 1870 1020 min quenched in water or rapidly cooled by othe
42、r meansS32205 1870-2010 1020-1100 rapid cooling in air or waterS32304 1700-1920 925-1050 rapid cooling in air or waterS32506 1870-2050 1020-1120 rapid cooling in air or waterS32550 1900 1040 min rapid cooling in air or waterS32707 1975-2050 1080-1120 rapid cooling in air or waterS32750 1880-2060 102
43、5-1125 rapid cooling in air or waterS32760 1960-2085 1070-1140 rapid cooling in air or waterS32808 1920-2100 1050-1150 rapid cooling in air or waterS32906 1870-2100 1020-1150 rapid cooling in air or waterS32950 1820-1880 990-1025 air coolS39274 1880-2060 1025-1125 rapid cooling in air or waterA511/A
44、511M 1237. Heat Analysis7.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elementsspecified. If secondary melting processes are employed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or the productof one remelted ingot of
45、 each primary melt. The chemical composition thus determined, or that determined from a product analysismade by the tubular product manufacturer, shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchasers representative and shall conformto the requirements specified. When requested in the order or contrac
46、t, a report of this analysis shall be furnished to the purchaser.8. Product Analysis8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one tube shall be made for each heat of steel. Samples for chemical analysis, exceptspectrochemical analysis, shall be taken in accordance with Method E59. The chemical composi
47、tion thus determined shall conformto the requirements specified in Section 6.8.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of two additional billets or tubes shall be made. Both retests, for theelements in question, shall meet the requirements of the specification, otherwise all remai
48、ning material in the heat or lot shall berejected or, at the option of the producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets or tubes which donot meet the requirements of this specification shall be rejected.9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Round Tubing9.1 Di
49、ameter and Wall Thickness (Cold Finished)Variations in outside diameter and wall thickness shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 5.9.2 Diameter and Wall Thickness (Hot Finished)Variations in outside diameter and wall thickness shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 6.9.3 Lengths (Cold Finished or Hot Finished)Mechanical tubing is commonly furnished in mill lengths 5 ft 1.5 m and over.When
