1、Designation: A 522/A 522M 07Standard Specification forForged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges,Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 522/A 522M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof or
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers 8 and 9 % nickel-alloy steelforge
3、d or rolled flanges, fittings, valves, and parts intended foruse in welded pressure vessels for low-temperature service.The specification is applicable to forgings with maximumsection thickness of 3 in. 75 mm in the double normalizedand tempered condition and 5 in. 125 mm in the quenchedand tempered
4、 condition. Forgings under this specification areintended for service at operating temperatures not lower than320 F 196 C for Type I or 275 F 170 C for TypeII or higher than 250 F 121 C.1.2 Material under this specification is available in twotypes having different chemical compositions as follows:T
5、ype Nominal Nickel Content, %III981.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall befurnished to inch-pound units.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units
6、or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with t
7、he specifi-cation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirementsA 961/A 961M Specification for Common Requirementsfor Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and P
8、arts forPiping Applications3. General Requirements and Ordering Information3.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 961, including any supple-mentary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order.Failure to comply with the requirements o
9、f SpecificationA 961constitutes nonconformance with this specification.3.2 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in thepurchase order all ordering information necessary to furnishthe needed material. Examples of such information include butare not limited to the ordering information in Spec
10、ificationA 961 and following:3.2.1 Any supplementary requirements, and3.2.2 Additional requirements, (See 4.5, 5.2, 6.1, 7.2, and10.3).4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be produced in accordance with themelting process section of Specification A 788.4.2 Material for forgings shall cons
11、ist of ingots, or eitherforged or rolled blooms, billets, or bars.4.3 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in theTerminology Section of Specification A 788.4.4 Except for flanges of all types, hollow cylindricallyshaped parts may be made from hot-rolled or forged bar,provided that the
12、axial length of the part is approximatelyparallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Except for all typesof flanges, elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees, otherparts up to and including NPS 4 may be machined fromhot-rolled or forged bar.4.5 When specified in the order, the manufacturer sha
13、llsubmit for purchasers approval a sketch showing the shape ofthe rough forging before machining.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.5.2 If required by the purchaser, product analysis may beperformed in accordance with the requirements of A 961.1This spe
14、cification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for PipingApplications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition
15、 approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A 522/A 522M 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-522 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
16、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
17、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Heat Treatment6.1 The forgings shall be heat treated by the manufacturerby either of the following methods as mutually agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer.6.1.1 Quenched and TemperedHeat to a uniform tempera-tu
18、re of 1475 6 25 F 800 6 15 C; hold at this temperaturefor a minimum time of 1 h/in. 2.5 min/mm of thickness butin no case less than 30 min; quench by immersion in circulatingwater. Reheat until the forging attains a uniform temperaturewithin the range from 1050 to 1125 F 565 to 605 C; hold atthis te
19、mperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. 2.5 min/mmof thickness but in no case less than 30 min; cool in air or waterquench, at a rate not less than 300 F 165 C/h.6.1.2 Double Normalized and Tempered Heat to a uni-form temperature of 1650 F 900 C; hold at this temperaturefor a minimum time of 1 h/in.
20、 2.5 min/mm of thickness butin no case less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat until the forgingattains a uniform temperature of 1450 F 790 C; hold at thistemperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. 2.5 min/mm ofthickness but in no case less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat toa uniform temperature withi
21、n the range from 1050 to 1125 F565 to 605 C; hold at this temperature for a minimum timeof 1 h/in. 2.5 min/mm of thickness but in no case less than 30min; cool in air or water quench, at a rate not less than 300 F165 C/h.6.2 When stress relieving is to be performed after fabrica-tion, the recommende
22、d stress-relieving treatment is as follows:gradually and uniformly heat the steel to a temperaturebetween 1025 and 1085 F 550 and 585 C; hold for aminimum of 2 h for thicknesses up to 1 in. 25 mm. Forthicknesses over 1 in. 25 mm, a minimum additional holdingtime in the ratio of 1 h/in. 2.5 min/mm of
23、 thickness in excessof 1 in. 25 mm shall be added. Cool at a minimum rate of 300F 165 C/h to a temperature not exceeding 600 F 315 C.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension TestForgings to Types 1 and 2 shall conformto the tensile requirements of Table 2.7.2 Impact TestThe Charpy impact test requirement
24、s inTable 3 shall be met unless Supplementary Requirement S2 ofthis specification has been specified.7.2.1 The values for energy absorption and the fractureappearance in percentage of shear fracture for each specimenshall be recorded and reported for information.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearanc
25、e8.1 The forgings shall have a workman-like finish and shallbe free of injurious defects.9. Number of Tests and Retests9.1 At least one tension test and one set of Charpy V-notchimpact tests shall be made from each heat in each heat-treatment charge.9.2 If the results of the mechanical tests do not
26、conform tothe specified requirements, the manufacturer may retreat theforgings, but not more than three additional times. Retreatmentinvolves re-austenitizing the forgings. Retests shall be made inaccordance with this section.9.3 If the lateral expansion result from one Charpy impactspecimen falls b
27、elow 0.015in. 0.38mm, but not less than0.010in. 0.25mm, and the average test result equals orexceeds 0.015mm 0.38mm, then one retest of three additionalspecimens may be made. The lateral expansion obtained fromeach of the three retest specimens shall equal or exceed0.015in. 0.38mm.10. Test Specimens
28、10.1 The test specimens shall be located at any pointmidway between the center and surface of solid forgings, andat any point mid-thickness of the heaviest section of hollow orbored forgings. For solid forgings where test metal is providedon the periphery, test specimens shall be taken at mid-thickn
29、essof the test prolongation.10.2 Tests shall be oriented so that the longitudinal axis ofthe specimen is parallel to the major direction of grain flow.10.3 When fabrication requires stress relieving, the pur-chaser shall specify stress relieving of the test pieces prior tomachining of the test speci
30、mens. Stress relieving shall becarried out as prescribed in 6.2.11. Method of Impact Testing11.1 The impact test shall be made in accordance with thesimple beam, Charpy type of test described in the latest issueof Test Methods and Definitions A 370.11.2 Precaution shall be taken so that when broken,
31、 the testspecimens shall be within 6 3 F 1.7 C of the specified testtemperature.12. Inspection12.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall havefree entry, at all times while work on the contract of theTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Type I Type IICarbon, max 0.13 0.13Manganese, max
32、 0.90 0.90Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025SiliconA0.150.30 0.150.30Nickel 8.59.5 7.58.5AWhen vacuum carbon deoxidation is used, the maximum silicon content shallbe 0.10 %.TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements at Room TemperatureTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 100 690Yield strength, min, (0.2
33、 % off-set), ksi MPa 75 515Elongation in 2 in. 50mm, min, % 22Reduction of area, min, % 45TABLE 3 Charpy V-Notch Lateral Expansion Requirements ForStandard Size 10 X 10 mm SpecimensType Lateral expansionin. mmTemperatureF CAReport absorbedenergy and % shearfracture1 0.0150.38320195Yes2 0.0150.382751
34、70YesAExcept when Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified.A 522/A 522M 072purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturersworks that concern the manufacture of the material ordered.The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonablefacilities to satisfy the inspector that the
35、 material is beingfurnished in accordance with this specification. All tests(except product analysis) and inspection shall be made at theplace of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwisespecified, and shall be conducted so as not to interfereunnecessarily with the operation of the works.12.2
36、The manufacturer shall report to the purchaser or thepurchasers representative the heat treatments applied to thematerial and to the test blocks and the results of the chemicalanalysis and mechanical tests made in accordance with thisspecification and the heat number or his heat identification.13. R
37、ejection13.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on testsmade in accordance with Section 5 and 7 shall be reported tothe manufacturer within 60 days from the receipt of samples ortest reports by the purchaser.13.2 Each forging in which injurious metal defects areexposed during subsequent
38、 machining shall be rejected and themanufacturer notified.14. Certification14.1 Test reports, when required, shall include certificationthat all requirements of this specification have been met. Themanufacturer shall provide the following where applicable:14.1.1 Whether Type 1 or Type 11 material ha
39、s beensupplied and the chemical analysis results in accordance withSection 5,14.1.2 Type of heat treatment used,14.1.3 Results of tension and Charpy impact tests (togetherwith absorbed energy and % shear fracture) including theimpact test temperature, and test coupon stress relief details ifapplicab
40、le,14.1.4 Results of any additional or supplementary require-ments specified by the purchaser, and14.1.5 The year date and revision letter, if any, of thespecification. Note, this information is not required to bemarked on the forgings.15. Product Marking15.1 Each forging shall be legibly stamped by
41、 the manufac-turer with the heat number or his heat identification, themanufacturers name (see Note 1) or trademark, and thisspecification number, A 522 or A 522M as applicable, 8NI, or9NI, and QT or NNT as applicable.NOTE 1For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer isconsidered the or
42、ganization that certifies the piping component wasmanufactured, sampled, and tested in accordance with this specificationand the results have been determined to meet the requirements of thisspecification.15.2 Forgings impact tested at a temperature other than thatspecified in Table 3, by the use of
43、Supplementary RequirementS2, shall be marked with the letters LTV following thespecification number, as well as the temperature scale used. Forforgings to A 522, these letters shall be followed by the impacttest temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. A prefix 0 to the testtemperature indicates a tempera
44、ture below 0 F, for exampleA 522 Type 1 LTV0300F indicates 300 F. For forgings toA 522M, the letters LTV shall be followed by the impact testtemperature in degrees Celsius. A prefix 0 to the test tempera-ture indicates a temperature below 0 C, for example A 522MType 1 LTV0150C indicates 150 C.15.3 T
45、he purchaser may specify additional identificationmarking and the location of all stamping. The type of stampsshall be round or “interrupted-dot” die stamps having a radiusof132 in. 0.8 mm.15.4 Bar CodingIn addition to the requirements in 15.1,15.2, and 15.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplement
46、alidentification method. The purchaser may specify in the ordera specific bar coding system to be used. The bar coding system,if applied at the discretion of the supplier, should be consistentwith one of the published industry standards for bar coding. Ifused on small parts, the bar code may be appl
47、ied to the box ora substantially applied tag.16. Keywords16.1 low temperature applications; nickel alloy steel; pipefittings; steel; piping applications; pressure containing parts;steel flanges; steel forgings; alloy; steel valvesSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the supplementary requirement
48、s described below may be included in purchasersorder or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have the same force as if itwere in the body of the specification. Supplementary requirement details not fully described shall beagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, b
49、ut shall not negate any of the requirements inthe body of the specification.S1. Nondestructive TestsS1.1 Ultrasonic TestsUltrasonic tests may be made byagreement between manufacturer and purchaser.S1.2 Liquid Penetrant TestsLiquid penetrant tests may bemade by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser.S2. Other Impact Test TemperaturesS2.1 The purchaser may specify an impact test temperaturehigher than that in Table 3 but no higher than
