1、Designation: A 554 08Standard Specification forWelded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers welded stainless steel tubingfor
3、mechanical applications where appearance, mechanicalproperties, or corrosion resistance is needed. The gradescovered are listed in Table 1.1.2 This specification covers as-welded or cold-reducedmechanical tubing in sizes to 16 in. (406.4 mm) outsidedimension, and in wall thicknesses 0.020 in. (0.51
4、mm) andover.1.3 Tubes shall be furnished in one of the following shapesas specified by the purchaser: round, square, rectangular, orspecial.1.4 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are
5、to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsE30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, CastIron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron3E5
6、9 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determinationof Chemical Composition32.2 Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage4MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage42.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)43. O
7、rdering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following, as required, to describe the desiredmaterial adequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, mass, or number of pieces),3.1.2 Name of material (welded stainless steel mechanicaltubing),3.1.3 Form (round, square, rectan
8、gular, special, see 1.3),3.1.4 Dimensions:3.1.4.1 Round-outside diameter and wall thickness for allconditions (Section 8). Alternatively, for cold-reduced condi-tion, outside diameter and inside diameter or inside diameterand wall dimensions may be specified,3.1.4.2 Square and rectangular outside di
9、mensions and wallthickness (see 9.1),3.1.4.3 Special (to be specified),3.1.5 Length (mill lengths, cut lengths, or multiple lengths(see 8.3),3.1.6 Grade (Table 1),3.1.7 Condition (see 6.1),3.1.8 Inside diameter bead condition (see 6.2),3.1.9 Surface finish (see Section 11),3.1.10 Report of chemical
10、analysis, if required (Section 7),3.1.11 Individual supplementary requirements, if required,3.1.12 End use,3.1.13 Specification designation,3.1.14 Special requirements,3.1.15 Special marking (Section 14), and3.1.16 Special packing (Section 15).4. Process4.1 The steel may be made by any process.4.2 I
11、f a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,it shall be stated on the purchase order.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubul
12、ar Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published March 2008. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 554 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSt
13、andards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 191115094, Attn: NPODS.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
14、Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas-sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,such as electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting. Ifsecondary meltin
15、g is employed, the heat shall be defined as allof the ingots remelted from a single primary heat.4.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. Whensteel of different grades are sequentially strand cast, identifi-cation of the resultant transition material is required. Theproducer shall remo
16、ve the transition material by an establishedprocedure that positively separates the grades.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The tubes shall be made from flat-rolled steel by anautomatic welding process without the addition of filler metal.6. Condition6.1 The tubes shall be furnished in any of the fol
17、lowingconditions as specified:6.1.1 As welded,6.1.2 Welded and annealed,6.1.3 Cold reduced,6.1.4 Cold reduced and annealed.6.2 The inside diameter bead shall be furnished in any of thefollowing conditions as specified:6.2.1 Bead not removed,6.2.2 Bead controlled to 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 15 % of the
18、specified wall thickness, whichever is greater, and6.2.3 Bead removed.6.3 Square and rectangular welded stainless tubing is sup-plied as cold worked unless otherwise specified.7. Heat Analysis7.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by thesteel manufacturer to determine the percentages of
19、 the ele-ments specified. If secondary melting processes are employed,the heat analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot orthe product of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. Thechemical composition thus determined, or that determinedfrom a product analysis made by the tubular product m
20、anufac-turer, shall conform to requirements specified. When requestedin the order or contract, a report of this analysis shall befurnished to the purchaser. (See Test Methods E30 andPractice E59.)8. Permissible Variations in DimensionsRound Tubing8.1 For all conditions except tubing with bead remove
21、d,Table 2 shall apply.8.2 For tubing with bead removed, Table 3 shall apply.8.3 LengthsTubing is normally furnished in mill lengths 5ft (1.5 m) and over. Definite cut lengths are furnished whenspecified, to the length tolerances shown in Table 4. For tubingordered in multiple lengths, it is common p
22、ractice to allow adefinite amount over for each multiple for the purchaserscutting operation. Thus cutting allowance should be specifiedin the purchase order.8.4 Straightness ToleranceThe straightness toleranceshall be 0.030 in. (0.76 mm) maximum in any 3-ft (0.9-m)length of tubing. The straightness
23、 tolerance on shorter lengthsand on special requirements shall be agreed upon between thepurchaser and producer.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGradeComposition, %Carbon,maxManga-nese,maxPhos-phorus,maxSulfur,maxSilicon,maxNickel Chromium Molybdenum Titanium Columbium+ TantalumAusteniticMT-301 0.15 2.0
24、0 0.040 0.030 1.00 6.08.0 16.018.0 . . .MT-302 0.15 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.010.0 17.019.0 . . .MT-304 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.011.0 18.020.0 . . .MT-304L 0.035A2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 8.013.0 18.020.0 . . .MT-305 0.12 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.013.0 17.019.0 . . .MT-309S 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.0
25、0 12.015.0 22.024.0 . . . . .MT-309S-Cb 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.015.0 22.024.0 . .BMT-310S 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.022.0 24.026.0 . . .MT-316 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.014.0 16.018.0 2.03.0 . .MT-316L 0.035A2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.015.0 16.018.0 2.03.0 . .MT-317 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.03
26、0 1.00 11.014.0 18.020.0 3.04.0 . .MT-321 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 9.013.0 17.020.0 .C.MT-330 0.15 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 33.036.0 14.016.0 . . .MT-347 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 9.013.0 17.020.0 . .BFerriticMT-429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 14.016.0 . . .MT-430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00
27、0.50 max 16.018.0 . . .MT-430-Ti 0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.075 max 16.019.5 . 5 3 C min, .0.75 maxAFor small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon content of 0.040 % max is necessary in grades MT-304L and MT-316L.Small outside diameter tubes are defined
28、 as those less than 0.500 in. (12.7 mm) in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. (1.24 mm) in averagewall thickness.BThe columbium plus tantalum content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00 %.CThe titanium content shall be not less t
29、han five times the carbon content and not more than 0.60 %.A5540829. Permissible Variations in DimensionsSquare andRectangular Tubing9.1 For this tubing, variations in dimensions from thosespecified shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 5.For lengths, see 8.3. For the measurement of corne
30、r radii inTable 5, refer to Fig. 1.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 Finished tubes shall have smooth ends free of burrs.They shall be free of injurious defects and shall have aworkmanlike finish. Surface imperfections such as handlingmarks, straightening marks, light mandrel and die marks
31、,shallow pits, and scale patterns will not be considered asserious defects, provided the imperfections are removablewithin 10 % of the specified wall or 0.002 in. (0.05 mm),TABLE 2 Diameter, Wall,Aand Ovality Tolerances (All Conditions Except Tubing with Bead Removed)NOTE 1Ovality is the difference
32、between maximum and minimum outside diameters measured at any one cross section. There is no additionaltolerance for ovality on tubes having a specified wall thickness of more than 3 % of the outside diameter.NOTE 2For sizes up to and including 5-in. (127.0-mm) outside diameter, an ovality tolerance
33、 of twice the tabular outside diameter tolerance spreadshown is applied one half plus and one half minus to tubes having a specified wall thickness of 3 % or less of the specified outside diameter. The averageof the maximum and minimum outside diameter readings should fall within the outside diamete
34、r tolerances as shown in this table.NOTE 3For sizes over 5-in. (127.0-mm) to and including 16-in. (406.4-mm) outside diameter, when the specified wall thickness is 3 % or less of theoutside diameter, the ovality shall not exceed 1.5 % of the specified outside diameter.OD Size, in. (mm)Wall Thickness
35、 OD, 6in. mm in. mmUnder12 (12.7) 0.020 to 0.049 0.51 to 1.24 0.004 0.1012 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) 0.020 to 0.065 0.51 to 1.65 0.005 0.1312 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25Over 1 to 112 (25.4 to 38.1), incl 0.025 to 0.065 0.64 to 1.65 0.008 0.20Over 1 to 112 (25.4 to
36、38.1), incl over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25Over 112 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl 0.025 to 0.049 0.64 to 1.24 0.010 0.25Over 112 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.049 to 0.083 over 1.24 to 2.11 0.011 0.28Over 112 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.083 to 0.149 over 2.11 to 3.78 0.012 0.30O
37、ver 2 to 212 (50.8 to 63.5), incl 0.032 to 0.065 0.81 to 1.65 0.012 0.30Over 2 to 212 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.065 to 0.109 over 1.65 to 2.77 0.013 0.33Over 2 to 212 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.109 to 0.165 over 2.77 to 4.19 0.014 0.36Over 212 to 312 (63.5 to 88.9), incl 0.032 to 0.165 0.81 to 4.
38、19 0.014 0.36Over 212 to 312 (63.5 to 88.9), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.020 0.51Over 312 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl 0.035 to 0.165 0.89 to 4.19 0.020 0.51Over 312 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.025 0.64Over 5 to 712 (127.0 to 190.5), incl 0.049 to 0.250 1.24 to 6.35 0.025 0.64Ove
39、r 5 to 712 (127.0 to 190.5), incl over 0.250 over 6.35 0.030 0.76Over 712 to 16 (190.5 to 406.4), incl all all 0.00125 in./in. or mm/mm of circumferenceAWall tolerance 610 % of specified wall thickness.TABLE 3 Diameter, Wall,Aand Ovality Tolerances for Tubingwith Bead RemovedNOTE 1Ovality is the dif
40、ference between maximum and minimumoutside diameters measured at any one cross section. There is noadditional tolerance for ovality on tubes having a specified wall thicknessof more than 3 % of the outside diameter.NOTE 2An ovality allowance of twice the outside diameter tolerance,shown in this tabl
41、e, is applied one half plus and one half minus to theoutside diameter, for tubes having a specified wall thickness of 3 % or lessof the specified outside diameter. The average of the maximum andminimum outside diameter readings should fall within the outsidediameter tolerances of this table.NOTE 3Tu
42、bing may be specified to only two of the three followingdimensionsoutside diameter, inside diameter, or wall.OD Size, in. (mm) OD, 6 ID, 6in. mm in. mmUp to332 (2.4), excl 0.001 0.03 0.001 0.03332 to316 (2.4 to 4.8), excl 0.0015 0.038 0.0015 0.038316 to12 (4.8 to 12.7), excl 0.003 0.08 0.005 0.1312
43、to 1 (12.7 to 25.4), excl 0.004 0.10 0.006 0.151to112 (25.4 to 38.1),excl0.005 0.13 0.007 0.18112 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8),excl0.006 0.15 0.008 0.202to212 (50.8 to 63.5),excl0.007 0.18 0.010 0.25212 to 312 (63.5 to 88.9),excl0.010 0.25 0.014 0.36312 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0),incl0.015 0.38 0.020 0.51Over 5 to
44、 16 (127.0 to406.4), incl0.00125 in./in. ormm/mm of cir-cumference0.0013 in./in. ormm/mm of cir-cumferenceAWall tolerance is 610 % of specified wall thickness.TABLE 4 Length VariationsCut Length TubesLength, ft (m)OutsideDiameter,in. (mm)Permissible Variationsin Length, in.OverAUnderin. mm4 (1.2) an
45、d under up to 2 (50.8), incl116 1.6 0over 2 to 4 (50.8 to101.6), incl332 2.4 0over 4 (101.6)18 3.2 0Over 4 to 10 (1.2 to3.0), inclup to 2 (50.8), incl332 2.4 0over 2 (50.8)18 3.2 0Over 10 to 24 (3.0 to7.3), inclall sizes316 4.8 0AFor all diameters in lengths over 24 ft (7.3 m), an additional over to
46、lerance of18 in. (3.2 mm) for each 10 ft (3.0 m) or fraction thereof shall be permissible, up toa tolerance of12 in. (12.7 mm), max.A554083whichever is greater. The removal of surface imperfections isnot required, unless special finishes are specified.11. Surface Finish11.1 Tubes shall be free of sc
47、ale.11.2 If special surface conditioning is required, they shall bestated in the order.12. Rejection12.1 Tubing that fails to meet the requirements of thisspecification shall be set aside and the manufacturer notified.13. Coating13.1 Stainless steel tubing is commonly shipped withoutprotective coati
48、ng. If special protection is needed, details shallbe specified in the order.14. Product Marking14.1 Civilian ProcurementEach box, bundle or lift, andpiece (when individual pieces are shipped) shall be identifiedby a tag or stencil with the manufacturers name or brand,specified size, purchasers order
49、 number, this specificationnumber, and grade. Bar coding is acceptable as a supplemen-tary identification method. Bar coding should be consistentwith the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) standardprepared by the Primary Metals Subcommittee of the AIAGBar Code Project Team.14.2 Government ProcurementWhen specified in the con-tract or order, and for direct procurement by or direct shipmentto the government, marking for shipment, in addition torequirements specified in the contract or orde
