1、Designation: A 615/A 615M 08aAmerican Association State Highway andTransportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M 31Standard Specification forDeformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for ConcreteReinforcement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 615/A 615M; the number immediately follow
2、ing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approve
3、d for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement in cut lengths and coils.Steel bars containing alloy additions, such as with the Ameri-can Iron and Steel Institute and the Society of AutomotiveE
4、ngineers series of alloy steels, are permitted if the resultingproduct meets all the other requirements of this specification.The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and theirnumber designations are given in Table 1. The text of thisspecification references notes and footnotes which provi
5、deexplanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excludingthose in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of thespecification.1.2 Bars are of three minimum yield strength levels: namely,40 000 280 MPa, 60 000 420 MPa, and 75 000 psi 520MPa, designated as Grade 40 280, Grade 60 420, andGra
6、de 75 520, respectively.1.3 Hot-rolled plain rounds, in sizes up to and including 212in. 63.5 mm in diameter in coils or cut lengths, when orderedshall be furnished under this specification in Grade 40 280,Grade 60 420, and Grade 75 520. For ductility properties(elongation and bending), test provisi
7、ons of the nearest smallernominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply. Requirementsproviding for deformations and marking shall not be appli-cable.NOTE 1Welding of the material in this specification should beapproached with caution since no specific provisions have been includedto enhance its wel
8、dability. When steel is to be welded, a weldingprocedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use orservice should be used. The use of the latest edition ofAWS D 1.4/D 1.4Mis recommended. This document describes the proper selection of the fillermetals and preheat/interpass temperature
9、s, as well as performance andprocedure qualification requirements.1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in eitherinch-pound units (as Specification A 615) or in SI units (asSpecification A 615M).1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded as standard. Wit
10、hin the text, the SI units areshown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standa
11、rds:2A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements forRolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and SheetPilingA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 510 Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelA 510M Specifica
12、tion for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for ShipmentA 706/A 706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel De-formed and Plain Bars for Concrete ReinforcementE29 Practice for Using Si
13、gnificant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 AWS Standard:3AWS D 1.4/D 1.4M Structural Welding CodeReinforcingSteel2.3 U.S. Military Standard:4MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.4 U.S. Federal Standard:4Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies
14、)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition a
15、pproved in 2008 as A 615/A 615M 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American W
16、elding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Cop
17、yright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deformed bar, nsteel bar with protrusions; a bar thatis intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concreteconstr
18、uction.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe surface of the bar is provided withlugs or protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of thebar relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in suchconstruction. The lugs or protusions conform to the provisionsof this specification.3.1.2 deformations, ntransverse pro
19、trusions on a de-formed bar.3.1.3 plain bar, nsteel bar without protrusions.3.1.4 rib, nlongitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.4. Ordering Information4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specifyall requirements that are necessary for material ordered to thisspecification. Such r
20、equirements shall include but are notlimited to the following:4.1.1 Quantity (weight) mass,4.1.2 Name of the material (deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement),4.1.3 Size,4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,4.1.5 Deformed or plain,4.1.6 Grade,4.1.7 Packaging (see Section 20),4.1.8 AST
21、M designation and year of issue, and4.1.9 Certified mill test reports (if desired). (See Section16.)5. Material and Manufacture5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats ofmold cast or strand cast steel using the electric-furnace,basic-oxygen, or open-hearth process.6. Chemical Comp
22、osition6.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by themanufacturer from test samples taken preferably during thepouring of the heats. The percentages of carbon, manganese,phosphorus, and sulfur shall be determined. The phosphoruscontent thus determined shall not exceed 0.06 %.6.2 Aproduct
23、 check, for phosphorus, made by the purchasershall not exceed that specified in 6.1 by more than 25 %.7. Requirements for Deformations7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan-tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides ofthe bar shall be similar in size, shape, and
24、pattern.7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axisof the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45. Wherethe line of deformations forms an included angle with the axisof the bar from 45 to 70 inclusive, the deformations shallalternately reverse in direction on each side,
25、or those on oneside shall be reversed in direction from those on the oppositeside. Where the line of deformations is over 70, a reversal indirection shall not be required.7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformationson each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of thenominal diame
26、ter of the bar.7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that thegap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma-tions shall not exceed 1212 % of the nominal perimeter of thebar. Where the ends terminate in a rib, the width of the rib shallbe considered as the gap between these
27、ends. The summationof the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter ofthe bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 timesthe nominal diameter.7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.8. Measurements of Deformations8
28、.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-mined by measuring the length of a minimum of ten spaces anddividing that length by the number of spaces included in themeasurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on adeformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-ing
29、point on a deformation after the last included space.Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar areacontaining bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation RequirementsBar DesignationNo.A
30、Nominal Weight,lb/ftNominal Mass,kg/mNominal DimensionsBDeformation Requirements, in. mmDiameter,in. mmCross-SectionalArea,in.2mm2Perimeter,in. mmMaximumAverageSpacingMinimumAverageHeightMaximum Gap(Chord of 12.5 % ofNominal Perimeter)3 10 0.376 0.560 0.375 9.5 0.11 71 1.178 29.9 0.262 6.7 0.015 0.3
31、8 0.143 3.64 13 0.668 0.994 0.500 12.7 0.20 129 1.571 39.9 0.350 8.9 0.020 0.51 0.191 4.95 16 1.043 1.552 0.625 15.9 0.31 199 1.963 49.9 0.437 11.1 0.028 0.71 0.239 6.16 19 1.502 2.235 0.750 19.1 0.44 284 2.356 59.8 0.525 13.3 0.038 0.97 0.286 7.37 22 2.044 3.042 0.875 22.2 0.60 387 2.749 69.8 0.612
32、 15.5 0.044 1.12 0.334 8.58 25 2.670 3.973 1.000 25.4 0.79 510 3.142 79.8 0.700 17.8 0.050 1.27 0.383 9.79 29 3.400 5.060 1.128 28.7 1.00 645 3.544 90.0 0.790 20.1 0.056 1.42 0.431 10.910 32 4.303 6.404 1.270 32.3 1.27 819 3.990 101.3 0.889 22.6 0.064 1.63 0.487 12.411 36 5.313 7.907 1.410 35.8 1.56
33、 1006 4.430 112.5 0.987 25.1 0.071 1.80 0.540 13.714 43 7.65 11.38 1.693 43.0 2.25 1452 5.32 135.1 1.185 30.1 0.085 2.16 0.648 16.518 57 13.60 20.24 2.257 57.3 4.00 2581 7.09 180.1 1.58 40.1 0.102 2.59 0.864 21.9ABar numbers are based on the number of eighths of an inch included in the nominal diame
34、ter of the bars bar numbers approximate the number of millimetres of thenominal diameter of the bar.BThe nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight mass per foot metre as the deformed bar.A 615/A 615M 08a28.2 The average height of deforma
35、tions shall be determinedfrom measurements made on not less than two typical defor-mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurementsper deformation, one at the center of the overall length and theother two at the quarter points of the overall length.8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient c
36、ircumferential cover-age, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitutecause for rejection unless it has been clearly established bydeterminations on each lot (Note 2) tested that typical defor-mation height, gap, or spacing do not conform to the minimumrequirements prescribed in Section
37、 7. No rejection shall bemade on the basis of measurements if fewer than ten adjacentdeformations on each side of the bar are measured.NOTE 2As used within the intent of 8.3, the term “lot” shall mean allthe bars of one bar size and pattern of deformations contained in anindividual shipping release
38、or shipping order.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shallconform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed inTable 2.9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall be determined byone of the following methods:9.2.1 The yield point shall be determ
39、ined by drop of thebeam or halt in the gage of the testing machine.9.2.2 Where the steel tested does not have a well-definedyield point, the yield strength shall be determined by readingthe stress corresponding to the prescribed strain using anautographic diagram method or an extensometer as describ
40、edin Test Methods and Definitions A 370. The strain shall be0.5 % of gage length for Grade 40 280 and Grade 60 420and shall be 0.35 % of gage length for Grade 75 520.9.3 When material is furnished in coils, the test sample shallbe taken from the coil and straightened prior to placing it in thejaws o
41、f the tensile machine. Straightening of test samples shallbe done carefully to avoid formation of local sharp bends andto minimize cold work. (See Note 3.)9.3.1 Test samples taken from post-fabricated material shallnot be used to determine conformance to this specification.NOTE 3Insufficient straigh
42、tening prior to attaching the extensometercan result in lower-than-actual yield strength readings. Multiple bendingdeformation from mechanical straightening and fabricating machines canlead to excessive cold work, resulting in higher yield strengths, lowerelongation values, and a reduction of the de
43、formation height.9.4 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed inTable 2.10. Bending Requirements10.1 The bend-test specimen shall withstand being bentaround a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bentportion. The requirements for degree of bending and sizes ofpins are prescri
44、bed in Table 3. When material is furnished incoils, the test sample shall be straightened prior to placing it inthe bend tester.10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficientlength to ensure free bending and with apparatus whichprovides:10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force
45、throughout the duration of the bending operation.10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points ofcontact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free torotate.10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pinduring the bending operation.10.3 It is permissible to use more severe metho
46、ds of bendtesting, such as placing a specimen across two pins free torotate and applying the bending force with a fixed pin. Whenfailures occur under more severe methods, retests shall bepermitted under the bend-test method prescribed in 10.2.11. Permissible Variation in Weight Mass11.1 Deformed rei
47、nforcing bars shall be evaluated on thebasis of nominal weight mass. The weight mass determinedusing the measured weight mass of the test specimen androunding in accordance with Practice E29, shall be at least94 % of the applicable weight mass per unit length prescribedin Table 1. In no case shall o
48、verweight excess mass of anydeformed bar be the cause for rejection. Weight massvariation for plain rounds shall be computed on the basis ofpermissible variation in diameter. For plain bars smaller than38in. 9.5 mm, use Specification A 510 Specification A 510M.For larger bars up to and including 212
49、 in. 63.5 mm, useSpecification A 6/A 6M.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade 40280AGrade 60420Grade 75520Tensile strength, min, psiMPa60 000 420 90 000 620 100 000 690Yield strength, min, psiMPa40 000 280 60 000 420 75 000 520Elongation in 8 in. 203.2mm, min, %:Bar Designation No.3 10 11 9 74, 5 13, 16
