1、Designation: A 645/A 645M 05Standard Specification forPressure Vessel Plates, 5 % and 512 % Nickel Alloy Steels,Specially Heat Treated1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 645/A 645M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers specially heat treated 5 % and512 % nickel alloy steel plate
3、s intended primarily for weldedpressure vessels for service at low or cryogenic temperatures.1.2 The maximum thickness of plates which can be suppliedunder this specification is limited only by the capacity of thematerial to meet the specified requirements.1.3 This material is susceptible to magneti
4、zation. Use ofmagnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided ifresidual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabri-cation or service.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in br
5、ackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 20/A 20M Specification for General
6、Requirements forSteel Plates for Pressure Vessels3. General Requirements and Ordering Information3.1 Plates supplied to this product specification shall con-form to Specification A 20/A 20M, which outlines the testingand retesting methods and procedures, permissible variationsin dimensions and mass,
7、 quality and repair of defects, marking,loading, and so forth.3.2 Specification A 20/A 20M also establishes the rules forthe ordering information that should be complied with whenpurchasing plates to this specification.3.3 In addition to the basic requirements of this specifica-tion, certain supplem
8、entary requirements are available whenadditional control, testing, or examination is required to meetend use requirements.3.4 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementaryrequirements in this specification and to the detailed supple-mentary requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M.3.5 If the
9、 requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M, the re-quirements of this specification shall prevail.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steelmaking PracticeThe steel shall be killed andshall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirements of
10、Specification A 20/A 20M.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Grade A plates shall be heat treated in accordance with5.2. Grade B plates shall be heat treated in accordance with 5.3.Shell plates and other parts, including heads and reinforcingpads that are heated above 1125F 605C for forming, shallbe heat treated a
11、fter forming,5.2 Grade A, Procedure and Sequence:5.2.1 HardeningThe plates shall be heated to a tempera-ture within the range from 1575 to 1675F 855 to 915C, heldwithin that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. 2.4min/mm of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min, and thenwater-quenched to
12、below 300F 150C.5.2.2 Intermediate Heat TreatmentThe plates shall bereheated to a temperature within the range from 1275 to1400F 690 to 760C, held within that temperature range fora minimum of 1 h/in. 2.4 min/mm of thickness, but in no caseless than 15 min, and then water-quenched to below 300F150C.
13、5.2.3 TemperingThe plates shall be reheated to a tempera-ture within the range from 1150 to 1225F 620 to 665C, heldwithin that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. 2.4min/mm of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min, and thenwater-quenched or air cooled to below 300F 150C.5.3 Grade B, Proc
14、edure and Sequence:5.3.1 HardeningThe plates shall be heated to a tempera-ture within the range from 1470 to 1600F 800 to 870C, heldwithin that temperature range for a sufficient time to obtain1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Al
15、loys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.11 on Steel for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 645/A 645M 99a.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application
16、s see related Specifi-cation SA-645 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websit
17、e.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.uniform temperature throughout the plate thickness, and thenquenched in a liquid medium.5.3.2 Intermediate Heat Treat
18、mentThe plates shall bereheated to a temperature within the range from 1200 to1330F 650 to 720C, held within that temperature range fora minimum of 1 h/in. 2.4 min/mm of thickness, but in no caseless than 15 min, and then water-quenched to below 300F150C for nominal plate thicknesses over58 in. 16 m
19、m, orcooled in air or water-quenched to below 300F 150C fornominal plate thicknesses of58 in. 16 mm and under.5.3.3 TemperingThe plates shall be reheated to a tempera-ture within the range from 1020 to 1150F 550 to 620C, heldwithin that temperature range for a minimum of 30 min/in. 1.2min/mm of thic
20、kness, but in no case less than 15 min, and thenwater-quenched to below 300F 150C.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirementsgiven in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance withSupplementary Requirement S17, Vacuum Carbon-DeoxidizedSteel, in Specificatio
21、n A 20/A 20M.7. Mechanical Requirements7.1 Tension TestsThe plates as represented by the tensiontest specimens shall conform to the requirements given inTable 2.7.1.1 For nominal plate thicknesses of34 in. 20 mm andunder, the 112-in. 40-mm wide rectangular specimen may beused for the tension test, a
22、nd the elongation may be determinedin a 2-in. 50-mm gage length that includes the fracture andthat shows the greatest elongation.7.2 Impact Tests:7.2.1 Charpy V-notch tests shall be made in accordance withthe general requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M.7.2.2 The longitudinal axis of the test sp
23、ecimens shall betransverse to the final direction of rolling of the plate.7.2.3 Unless otherwise agreed, the plates shall be impacttested at the following temperatures:7.2.3.1 Grade A: 220F 140C.7.2.3.2 Grade B: 320F 195C.7.2.4 Each specimen shall have a lateral expansion oppositethe notch of not le
24、ss than 0.015 in. 0.38 mm.7.2.5 The values of energy absorption in foot-pounds-forcejoules and the fracture appearance in percent shear shall berecorded and reported for information.8. Keywords8.1 alloy steel; alloy steel plate; pressure containing parts;pressure vessel steels; steel plates; steel p
25、lates for pressurevessel applicationsTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, %Grade A Grade BCarbon, maxHeat Analysis 0.13 0.13Produce Analysis 0.15 0.15ManganeseHeat Analysis 0.300.60 0.901.50Product Analysis 0.250.66 0.841.59Phosphorus, maxHeat Analysis 0.025 0.020Product Analysis 0.035 0
26、.025Sulfur, maxHeat Analysis 0.025 0.010Product Analysis 0.035 0.015SiliconHeat Analysis 0.200.40 0.150.30AProduct Analysis 0.180.45 0.130.33ANickelHeat Analysis 4.85.2 5.06.0Product Analysis 4.75.3 4.96.1ChromiumHeat Analysis . 0.101.00Product Analysis . 0.061.05MolybdenumHeat Analysis 0.200.35 0.1
27、00.30Product Analysis 0.170.38 0.090.33Aluminum, totalHeat Analysis 0.020.12 0.020.05Product Analysis 0.010.16 0.0150.06Nitrogen, maxHeat Analysis 0.020 0.010Product Analysis 0.025 0.010AThe specified minimum limit does not apply if the total aluminum is 0.030 % ormore, ore if the acid soluble alumi
28、num content is 0.025 % or more.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade A Grade BYield strength, min, ksi MPaA65 450 85 590Tensile strength, ksi MPa 95115 655 to 795 100120 690830Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, %B20.0 20AAt 0.2 % offset, or, if agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer, at0.5 % ext
29、ension under load.BSee Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.A 645/A 645M 052SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSA list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is includedin Specification A 20/A 20M. Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless speci
30、fied in theorder. Those which are considered suitable for use with this specification are listed below by title.Others enumerated in Specification A 20/A 20M may be used with this specification subject toagreement by the supplier.S1. Vacuum Treatment,S2. Product Analysis,S6. Drop-Weight Test (for Ma
31、terial 0.625 in. 16 mm andover in Thickness),S8. Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with Specifica-tion A 435/A 435M,S11. Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with Specifica-tion A 577/A 577M,S12. Ultrasonic Examination in accordance with Specifica-tion A 578/A 578M, andS17. Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidiz
32、ed Steel.ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSAlso listed below are additional supplementary requirements which are considered suitablefor use with this specification.S64. Longitudinal Charpy Impact Energy AbsorptionRequirementS64.1 When required, the purchaser may specify longitudi-nal Charpy V-not
33、ch impact testing to energy-absorption accep-tance criteria.S64.2 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with thegeneral requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M.S64.3 The longitudinal Charpy V-notch impact propertiesshall not be less than those shown in Table S1.S64.4 The impact values obtained on
34、subsize specimensshall not be less than the values listed in Table S1.S65. Transverse Charpy Impact Energy AbsorptionRequirementS65.1 When required, the purchaser may specify transverseCharpy V-notch impact testing to energy-absorption accep-tance criteria.S65.2 Tests shall be conducted in accordanc
35、e with thegeneral requirements of Specification A 20/A 20M.S65.3 The transverse Charpy V-notch impact propertiesshall not be less than those shown in Table S2.S65.4 The impact values obtained on subsize specimensshall not be less than the values listed in Table S2.TABLE S1 Charpy Impact Requirements
36、 for LongitudinalSpecimensSize of Specimen,mmCharpy V-notchImpact ValueRequired forAcceptance(Average ofThree Specimens),ftlbf JMinimumCharpy V-notchImpact ValueWithout RequiringRetest (OneSpecimen Onlyof a Set),ftlbf J10 by 10 25 34 20 2710 by 7.5 19 26 16 2210 by 6.67 17 23 13 1810 by 5.0 13 18 10
37、 1410 by 3.33 8 11 7 1010 by 2.50 6 8 5 7A 645/A 645M 053SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A 645/A 645 99a) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) The title of this specification was revised.(2) 5 % Ni steel wa
38、s redesignated as Grade A.(3) A new Grade B, 512 % Ni steel, was added.(4) Section 3, Terminology, was deleted and subsequentsections were renumbered.(5) The names of the heat treatments in sections 5.2.2 and 5.2.3were revised.(6) The impact test temperature for Grade A was changed from275F 170C to
39、220F 140C.(7) Keywords were revised.(8) Supplementary Requirement S14, Bend Test, was deleted.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinat
40、ion of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withd
41、rawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your
42、 comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (singl
43、e or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE S2 Charpy Impact Requirements for TransverseSpecimensSize of Specimen,mmCharpy V-
44、notchImpact ValueRequired forAcceptance(Average ofThree Specimens),ftlbf JMinimumCharpy V-notchImpact ValueWithout RequiringRetest (OneSpecimen Onlyof a Set),ftlbf J10 by 10 20 27 16 2210 by 7.5 15 20 12 1610 by 6.6 13 18 10 1410 by 5.0 10 14 8 1110 by 3.33 7 10 5 710 by 2.50 5 7 4 5A 645/A 645M 054
