1、Designation: A 657/A 657M 03 (Reapproved 2008)1Standard Specification forTin Mill Products, Black Plate Electrolytic Chromium-Coated, Single and Double Reduced1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 657/A 657M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof orig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial changes made to Note 1 and Note 2 in October 2008.1. Scope*1
3、.1 This specification covers single- and double-reduced tinmill black plate electrolytically coated with chromium andchromium oxide. The steel is furnished in coils and cut lengthsfor use in the manufacture of cans, closures, crowns, and otherproducts.1.2 This specification is applicable to orders i
4、n eitherinch-pound units (as A 657) which is supplied in thicknessesfrom 0.0050 to 0.0149 in. or in SI units as A 657M which issupplied in thicknesses from 0.127 to 0.378 mm.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are showni
5、n brackets. The values stated in each system are not exactequivalents. Therefore, each system must be used indepen-dently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with this specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, i
6、f any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 623 Specification for Tin Mill Products, Gen
7、eral Require-mentsA 623M Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Re-quirements MetricA 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for ShipmentD 1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-sistivity of Water3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for product u
8、nder this specification shall includethe following information, as required and applicable, toadequately describe the desired product:3.1.1 Name of product (include whether single- or double-reduced),3.1.2 Thickness (must be consistent with intended applica-tion),3.1.3 Oiling (Section 6),3.1.4 Steel
9、 type (MR, L, etc.),3.1.5 Temper designation (T-3, T-4, etc. for single-reduced)or mechanical designation (DR-8, DR-9, etc., double-reduced),3.1.6 Surface finish (7B, 7C, etc.).3.1.7 Coil width or cut size,3.1.8 Rolling direction must be specified on cut sizes andshould be indicated by underlining t
10、he slit (rolling width)dimension,3.1.9 On coils, specify minimum or range of acceptableinside diameters. The standard inside diameter is approxi-mately 16 in. if ordered as Specification A 657 410 mm ifordered as Specification A 657M. Coils should be specified toa maximum coil weight if ordered as S
11、pecificationA 657 massif ordered as Specification A 657M, or maximum outsidediameter, or both.3.1.10 Packaging,3.1.11 Special requirements where applicable, and,3.1.12 ASTM specification designation and year of issue.NOTE 1A typical ordering description for coils is as follows: 1250base boxes, singl
12、e reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated,DOS, (0.0093 in.) MR, T-3 BA, 3538 in. by coil, 16 in. inside diameter, 59in. maximum outside diameter, 25 000 lb maximum coil weight, forregular crowns in accordance with Specification A 657/A 657M - XX.250 SITAS, single reduced, black plate elect
13、rolytic chromium coated,DOS, 0.235 mm thickness, MR, T-3 BA, 513, 900 mm by coil, 410 mminside diameter, 1500 mm maximum outside diameter, 11 500 kgmaximum coil mass for regular crowns in accordance with SpecificationA 657/A 657M - XX.NOTE 2A typical ordering description of cut sizes is as follows:
14、1000base boxes, double reduced black plated electrolytic chromium coated,BSC, 0.0061 in., MR, DR8 CA, 31 by 32 in., for cap closures inaccordance with Specification A 657/A 657M - XX. 200 SITAS, double1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Re
15、lated Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.20 on Tin Mill Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 657/A 657M 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.as
16、tm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
17、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS, 0.155 mmthickness, MR, DR8 CA, 788 by 813 mm, cap closures in accordance withSpecification A 657/A 657M - XX.NOTE 3The production of coils does not afford the same opportunityfor inspect
18、ion, grading, and sorting as does the production of cut sizes.Accordingly, appropriate processing and quality-control procedures arerequired by the purchaser to obtain optimum utilization of the material.Cut sizes are line inspected visually and mechanically during production.Sheets having surface i
19、mperfections that will not interfere with theirutilization are included.NOTE 4Tin mill products are supplied on an area basis expressed inbase boxes. In coils, the number of base boxes is computed from themeasured length and the specified width. In cut sizes, the number of baseboxes is computed from
20、 the specified length and width dimensions andsheet count. For calculating weight, the density of steel for tin millproducts is 0.2836 lb/in.3Tin mill products are supplied on an area basisexpressed in SITAS. In coils, the number of SITAS is computed from themeasured length and the specified width.
21、In cut sizes, the number ofSITAS is computed from the specified length and width dimensions andsheet count. For calculating mass, the density of steel for tin mill productsis 7850 kg/m3.4. Chromium Coating Weights Masses4.1 Total Coating is made up of chromium metal andchromium oxides. These are det
22、ermined separately.4.1.1 Metallic Chromium is expressed as milligrams ofchromium metal per square foot milligrams of chromium persquare metre on each side of the sheet or strip.AverageNominalmg/ft2mg/m2Minmg/ft2mg/m2Maxmg/ft2mg/m25 54 3 32 13 1404.1.2 Chromium Oxide is expressed as milligrams of chr
23、o-mium in the oxide per square foot milligrams of chromium persquare metre as shipped on each side of the sheet or strip.AverageMin,mg/ft2mg/m2Max,mg/ft2mg/m20.7 8 2.5 274.2 Sampling for Chromium Coating Weights Masses:4.2.1 CoilsWhen the purchaser wishes to make tests toascertain compliance with th
24、e requirements of this specifica-tion for metallic chromium and chromium oxide weightsmasses on a lot of any specific item of electrolytic chromium-coated steel in coils, use the following procedure:4.2.1.1 Take one test strip at random from a representativesection of each coil across its width. Sel
25、ect a minimum of threetest strips, each taken from different coils from any one item ofa specific lot. Spot test each test strip at three positions (edge,center, edge) across the rolling direction of the strip. Spotsamples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in.225.8cm2 in area. In order to
26、secure representative samples, takesamples so that the outer edge of the sample is at least 1 in. 25mm from either edge of the test strip. The average value of allspot tests on all test strips represents the average coating-weight mass test value.4.2.1.2 From one- or two-coil lots, sample each coil.
27、 Aminimum of three randomly selected test strips shall representthe lot.4.2.2 Cut LengthsWhen the purchaser wishes to maketests to ascertain compliance with the requirements of thisspecification for metallic chromium and chromium oxideweights mass on a specification of electrolytic chromium-coated s
28、teel in cut sizes, use the following procedure:4.2.2.1 Take one sheet at random from each 50 packages, orpart thereof, with a minimum of three different sample sheets,each taken from different bundles from any one item of aspecific shipment. Spot test each sample at three positionsacross the rolling
29、 direction of the sheet (edge, center, edge).Spot samples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in.225.8 cm2 in area. In order to secure representative samples,take edge specimens so that the outer edge of the sample is atleast 1 in. 25 mm from either edge of the sheet. The averagevalue of all
30、 spot tests on all sheets tested represents the averagecoating-weight (mass) test value.4.3 Determination of Chromium Coating WeightsMassesTypical method for determining metallic chromiumand chromium oxide weights masses for electrolyticchromium-coated steel is described in Annex A1, Annex A2,Annex
31、A3, and Fig. A1.1 and Fig. A3.1.5. Surface Appearance and Finish5.1 Single-Reduced Base Metal FinishSingle-reducedelectrolytic chromium coated steel is produced with ground rollfinishes and shot-blasted roll finishes as follows:5.1.1 Ground Roll Finishes:5.1.1.1 7BAsmooth finish that may contain fin
32、e grit lines.This finish is specified for special applications.5.1.1.2 7CA smooth finish with grit lines. The surfaceroughness will range from 10 to 25 in. Ra 0.254 to 0.635 mRa. This is the standard finish for tin mill products.5.1.2 Blasted and/or Otherwise Textured Roll Finishes:5.1.2.1 5CA shot-
33、blasted finish (SBF) for general appli-cations. The surface roughness will range from 30 to 60 in. Ra0.760 to 1.52 m Ra.5.1.2.2 5DA shot-blasted finish for special applications.5.2 Double-Reduced Base Metal FinishDouble-reducedelectrolytic chromium-coated steel is produced only withground-roll finis
34、hes.5.2.1 Ground Roll Finishes:5.2.1.1 7CA smooth finish with grit lines. The surfaceroughness will range from 6 to 25 in. Ra 0.152 to 0.635 mRa. This is the standard finish for tin mill products.6. Oiling6.1 Electrolytic Chromium-Coated Steel is furnished withan extremely thin oil film on both surf
35、aces to minimizeabrasion in shearing, coiling or uncoiling, shipping, andhandling. Acetyl tributylcitrate, butyl stearate or dioctyl (di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate) is used. Surface active agents such asglycerol monooleate may be incorporated into the oil film. Oilfilm other than normal should be negoti
36、ated with the producer.The oil film is not a drawing lubricant.6.1.1 Unless indicated by the purchaser, the special oilingtreatment will be left to the discretion of the plate supplier.6.1.2 Weight mass of oil film as applied by the platesupplier normally ranges from approximately 0.10 g/base boxto
37、0.40 g/base box 0.50 to 200 g/SITA (5 to 20 mg/m2).A 657/A 657M 03 (2008)12Specific aim ranges required for particular end uses andhandling practices may be furnished as agreed upon by thepurchaser and supplier.7. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements7.1 The production of coils does not afford
38、the sameopportunity for inspection, grading, and sorting as does theproduction of cut lengths. Accordingly, appropriate processingand quality-control procedures are required by the purchaser toobtain optimum utilization of the material. Cut lengths are lineinspected visually and mechanically during
39、production. Sheetshaving surface imperfections that will not interfere with theirutilization are included.8. General Requirements for Delivery8.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conformto the applicable requirements of the latest edition of Specifi-cation A 623 A 623M, unless otherw
40、ise provided herein.9. Keywords9.1 chromium coated; coated steel sheet; tin mill productsANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF METALLIC-CHROMIUM COATING WEIGHT (MASS) ONCHROMIUM-PLATED TIN-FREE STEELA1.1 ScopeA1.1.1 This method is applicable to the determination offrom 1 to 1
41、5 mg Cr/ft210.8 to 161 mg Cr/m2 of surface inchromium-plated tinfree steel (TFS).A1.2 PrincipleA1.2.1 The oxide layer is removed chemically with a hotsodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The metallic chromium isthen electrostripped at a current of from 10 to 20 mA with 1 NNaOH solution as the electroly
42、te. The stripping solution afteracidification is then analyzed for chromium by oxidation withammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8) followed by photometricdetermination with diphenylcarbazide.A1.3 ReagentsA1.3.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shallbe used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated
43、, it is intendedthat all reagents shall conform to the specifications of theCommittee on Analytical Reagents of the American ChemicalSociety, where such specifications are available.3Other gradesmay be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent isof sufficiently high purity to permit it
44、s use without lesseningthe accuracy of the determination.A1.3.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, refer-ences to water shall be understood to mean distilled water orwater of equal purity.A1.3.3 Ammonium Persulfate Solution (30 %)Dissolve30 g of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8) in 100 mLof wa
45、ter.This solution should be prepared fresh each day.A1.3.4 Chromium, Standard Solution (1 mL = 0.02 mgCr)Dissolve 0.2828 g of dry, primary standard grade potas-sium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in distilled water and dilute to 500mL in a volumetric flask. This solution contains 0.2 mg Cr/mL.Pipet a 100-mL a
46、liquot of this stock solution to a 1-Lvolumetric flask and dilute to volume with distilled water. Thisdilute standard contains 0.02 mg Cr/mL.A1.3.5 Diphenylcarbazide Solution (0.24 %)Dissolve0.25 g of diphenylcarbazide in 95 mL of acetone. Add 5 mL ofglacial acetic acid, mix well, and store in a ref
47、rigerator untilused.A1.3.6 Oxide Stripping Solution (Hot (90C) 10 N NaOHSolution)Dissolve 200 g of NaOH pellets in 400 mL of waterand dilute to 500 mL. Prepare as needed.A1.3.7 Silver Nitrate Solution (2 %)Dissolve2gofsilvernitrate (AgNO3) in 100 mLof water. Keep protected from light.A1.3.8 Sodium H
48、ydroxide (Electrolyte) Solution (1 N)Dissolve 40 g of NaOH pellets in 1000 mL of distilled water.A1.3.9 Sulfuric-Phosphoric Acid Mixture Cautiously add200 mL of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to 500 mL of distilled water.Mix well and cool. Slowly add 300 mL of 85 % phosphoricacid (H3PO4), mix well, and store
49、 in a borosilicate bottle.A1.4 ApparatusA1.4.1 Cell and ElectrodesThe cell is constructed ofTFE-fluorocarbon with a TFE-fluorocarbon gasket to define thearea to be stripped. A platinum rod is used as the cathode. Thisis the same cell as used for oxide determinations as shown indetermination of chromium in the oxide.A1.4.2 Power SupplyPhilbrick Researches PR-30, 15-Vregulated constant-current power supply or equivalent.A1.4.3 Milliammeter, 050 mA full scale.A1.4.4 Voltmeter
