1、Designation: A703/A703M 12aStandard Specification forSteel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A703/A703M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2cov
3、ers a group of common require-ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individualspecification, shall apply to steel castings for pressure-containing parts under each of the following ASTM specifica-tions:Title of Specification ASTM DesignationSteel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding,
4、 A216/A216Mfor High-Temperature ServiceSteel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for A217/A217MPressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceCastings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), A351/A351MPressure-Containing PartsSteel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for P
5、ressure- A352/A352MContaining Parts, Suitable for Low-TemperatureServiceSteel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for A389/A389MPressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceSteel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service A487/A487MCastings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys
6、,Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts forCorrosive ServiceA990Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel,for Pressure-Containing PartsA995/A995M1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementaryrequirements which may be applied to the above specificationsas indicate
7、d therein. These are provided for use when addi-tional testing or inspection is desired and apply only whenspecified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 In case of conflict between the requirements of theindividual specification and this general specification, theformer shall prevail.1.4
8、The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the
9、standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suit-able for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature ServiceA217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, MartensiticStainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-able for High-Temperatur
10、e ServiceA351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, forPressure-Containing PartsA352/A352M Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic andMartensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable forLow-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA38
11、0 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation ofStainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsA389/A389M Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy, Spe-cially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-able for High-Temperature ServiceA487/A487M Specification for Steel Castings Suitable fo
12、rPressure ServiceA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifi-cations of Procedures and PersonnelA609/A609M Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy,and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic ExaminationThereofA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel
13、 ProductsA800/A800M Practice for Steel Casting, Austenitic Alloy,Estimating Ferrite Content ThereofA802/A802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual Examination1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
14、and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A703/A703M 12.DOI: 10.1520/A0703_A0703M-12A.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications
15、see related Specifi-cation SA-703/SA-703M in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
16、website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1A903/A903M Specification for Steel Castings, Surface Ac-ceptance Standards, Magnetic Particle and Liquid Pen-etra
17、nt InspectionA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and FerroalloysA967 Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments forStainless Steel PartsA990 Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium andNickelAlloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure RetainingParts for C
18、orrosive ServiceA991/A991M Test Method for Conducting TemperatureUniformity Surveys of Furnaces Used to Heat Treat SteelProductsA995/A995M Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic(Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing PartsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDe
19、termine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-tions on Ferrous CastingsE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for GeneralIndustryE186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in.(50.8 to 114-mm) St
20、eel CastingsE208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test toDetermine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Fer-ritic SteelsE280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12-in. (114 to 305-mm) Steel CastingsE340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE446 Reference Radiographs for
21、Steel Castings Up to 2 in.(50.8 mm) in ThicknessE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing2.2 ANSI Standard:4B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings2.3 Standards of the Manufacturers Standardization Soci-ety of the Valve and Fitting Industry:5MSS SP 53 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forg-ings
22、 for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other PipingComponents (Magnetic Particle Exam Method)MSS SP 54 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves,Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components (Ra-diographic Examination Method)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Test Methods
23、 and Definitions A370and Terminology A941 are applicable to this specification andthose listed in 1.1.3.1.2 chaplet, na chaplet is a metallic support placed in amold cavity to maintain the spacing between a core and themold.3.1.3 electronic data interchange (EDI), nthe computer-to-computer exchange
24、of business information in a standardformat such as ANSI ASC X12.3.1.4 heat, nall the molten metal poured from a singlefurnace or all the molten metal from two or more furnacespoured into a single ladle or casting prior to the replenishing ofthe furnace(s).3.1.5 internal chill, nan internal chill is
25、 a metallic deviceplaced in a mold cavity to increase the rate of heat removal atthat location.3.1.6 test coupon, nthe part from which the test specimenwill be extracted.3.1.7 test specimen, nthe part that will be acted upon in amechanical test.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Melting ProcessThe stee
26、l shall be made by open-hearth or electric-furnace process, with or without separaterefining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), unlessotherwise designated by the individual specification.4.2 Heat Treatment:4.2.1 Ferritic and martensitic steel shall be cooled afterpouring to provide substant
27、ially complete transformation ofaustenite prior to heat treatment to enhance mechanical prop-erties.4.2.2 Castings shall be heat treated in the working zone of afurnace that has been surveyed in accordance with Test MethodA991/A991M.4.2.2.1 When castings are heat treated at temperaturesabove 2000F 1
28、100C, then the working zone shall have beenestablished by a survey performed at not more than 25F15C below nor more than 200F 110C above the mini-mum heat treatment temperature specified for the grade. If aminimum heat treatment temperature is not specified for thegrade, then the survey temperature
29、shall be not more than 50F30C below nor more than 175F 100C above the furnaceset point used.4.2.2.2 The maximum variation in measured temperature asdetermined by the difference between the highest temperatureand the lowest temperature shall be as agreed between thepurchaser and producer except that
30、during production heattreatment, no portion of the furnace shall be below theminimum specified temperature nor above the maximumspecified temperature for the grade being processed.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Chemical AnalysisChemical analysis of materialscovered by this specification shall be in acco
31、rdance with TestMethods A751.5.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat shall be madeby the manufacturer to determine the percentages of theelements specified. The analysis shall be made from a testsample preferably taken during the pouring of the heat. Whendrillings are used, they shall be taken not
32、 less than14 in. 6.4mm beneath the surface. The chemical composition thusdetermined shall be reported to the purchaser, or his4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from Manufacturers Standardization S
33、ociety of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.A703/A703M 12a2representative, and shall conform to the requirements in theindividual specification for the grade being poured.5.3 Product AnalysisA product analysis may be made bythe purchaser fr
34、om material representing each heat, lot, orcasting. The analysis shall be made on representative material.Due to the possibility of decarburization, carbon and alloy steelsamples for carbon analysis shall be taken no closer than14 in.6.4 mm to a cast surface except that castings too thin for thissha
35、ll be analyzed on representative material. The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall meet the requirementsspecified in the applicable specification for the grade involved,or shall be subject to rejection by the purchaser, except that thechemical composition determined for carbon and low-alloyste
36、el castings may vary from the specified limits by theamounts shown in Table 1. The product analysis tolerances ofTable 1 are not applicable as acceptance criteria for heatanalysis by the casting manufacturer.5.4 Unspecified ElementsWhen chemical analysis for el-ements not specified for the grade ord
37、ered is desired, Supple-mentary Requirement S1 may be specified.5.5 Grade substitutionGrade substitution is not permitted.Grade substitution occurs when the material being suppliedcontains one or more elements that are not specified for thesupplied material such that the material conforms to therequ
38、irements of a different grade.5.6 Where more than one ladle is poured into a singlecasting, the molten metal in each ladle must conform to thespecified chemical requirements.6. Mechanical Test Methods6.1 All mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordancewith Test Methods and Definitions A370.7. T
39、ensile Requirements7.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat, and shallconform to the tensile requirements specified. Test couponsshall be cast from the same heat as the castings represented,except that for investment castings, the test coupons shall becast in the same type of mold as the ca
40、stings.67.2 The coupon from which the test specimen is taken shallbe heat treated in production furnaces to the same procedure asthe castings it represents.7.3 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings, atthe producers option, instead of from test coupons.7.4 Investment CastingsFor invest
41、ment castings, the cou-pons may be cast to shape or machined from coupons todimensions in accordance with Test Methods and DefinitionsA370 or the ICI coupon shown in Fig. 1.7.5 Other CastingsUnless otherwise specified by thepurchaser, test coupons may be cast integrally with the castingsor as separa
42、tely in accordance with Fig. 2 and Table 2, withFig. 3, or with Fig. 4, except when Supplementary Require-ment S26 is specified. The test coupon in Fig. 4 shall beemployed only for austenitic alloy castings with cross sectionsless than 212 in. 63.5 mm. Tension test specimens shall beprepared in acco
43、rdance with Test Methods and DefinitionsA370.7.6 If any specimen shows defective machining or developsflaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from thesame heat.7.7 To determine conformance with the tension testrequirements, an observed value or calculated value shall berounded off in acco
44、rdance with Practice E29 to the nearest 500psi 5 MPa for yield and tensile strength and to the nearest 1 %for elongation and reduction of area.8. Repair by Welding8.1 Repair by welding shall be in accordance with therequirements of individual specification using procedures andwelders qualified in ac
45、cordance with Practice A488/A488M.6Information on the relationship of mechanical properties determined on testcoupons obtained as specified in 7.1 and 7.4 with those obtained from the castingmay be found in The Steel Castings Handbook, Fifth Edition, Steel FoundersSociety of America, 1980 , pp. 15-3
46、5through 15-43.TABLE 1 Product Analysis Tolerances for Carbon and Low-AlloySteelsElement RangeA TolerancesB,Cover max orunder min, Limit, %Carbon (C) up to 0.65 %above 0.65 %0.03 % CL+ 0.020.04 %Manganese (Mn) up to 1 %above 1 %0.08 % MnL+ 0.010.09Silicon (Si) up to 0.60 %above 0.60 %0.22 % SiL 0.01
47、0.15 %Phosphorus (P) all 0.13 % PL+ 0.005Sulfur (S) all 0.36 % SL+ 0.001Nickel (Ni) up to 2 %above 2 %0.10 % NiL+ 0.030.25 %Chromium (Cr) up to 2 %above 2 %0.07 % CrL+ 0.040.18 %Molybdenum (Mo) up to 0.6 %above 0.6 %0.04 % MoL+ 0.030.06 %Vanadium (V) up to 0.25 %above 0.25 %0.23 % VL+ 0.0040.06 %Tun
48、gsten (W) up to 0.10 %above 0.10 %0.08 % WL+ 0.020.02 %Copper (Cu) up to 0.15 %above 0.15 %0.18 % CuL+ 0.020.05 %Aluminum (Al) up to 0.03 %0.03 to 0.10 %, incl.above 0.10 %0.01 %0.08 % Al + 0.020.03 %AThe range denotes the composition limits up to which the tolerances arecomputed by the equation, an
49、d above which the tolerances are given by aconstant.BThe subscriptLfor the elements in each equation indicates that the limits of theelement specified by the applicable specification are to be inserted into theequation to calculate the tolerance for the upper limit and the lower limit, ifapplicable, respectively. Examples of computing tolerances are presented in thefootnote C.CTo compute the tolerances, consider the manganese limits 0.50 80 % of GradeWC4 of Specification A217/A217M. In accordance w
