1、Designation: A707/A707M 14Standard Specification forForged Carbon and Alloy Steel Flanges for Low-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A707/A707M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers forged carbon and alloy steelflanges intended primarily for petroleum and gas pi
3、pelines inareas subject to low ambient temperatures. Included are flangesto specified dimensions or to dimensional standards such asthose MSS, ASME, and API specifications that are referencedin Section 2.1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use whenadditional requirements are desired. The
4、se shall apply onlywhen specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Eight grades, four yield-strength classes, and threedifferent notch toughness levels are included.1.4 The availability of a particular size of flange of aspecific grade and class is limited only by the capability of the
5、composition to meet the specified mechanical property require-ments. However, current practice normally limits the follow-ing:(a) Grade L1 to Classes 1 and 2,(b) Grade L2 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(c) Grade L3 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(d) Grade L4 to Classes 1, 2, and 3,(e) Grade L7 to Classes 1 and 2, a
6、nd(f) Grades L5, L6, and L8 are generally available in anyclass.1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units. However, unless the order specifies theapplicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.6 The values
7、 stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems
8、may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A961/A961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2 ASTM Standards:2A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of SteelForgingsA7
9、88/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements forSteel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts forPiping Applications2.3 MSS Standards:SP 44 Steel Pipeline Flanges32.4 API Standard:605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges42.5 ASME
10、 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section VIII Division I, Part UG-845Section IX52.6 ASME Standard:B 16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings52.7 AWS Standards:A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes61This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
11、ttee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. O
12、riginallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A707/A707M13.DOI: 10.1520/A0707_A0707M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the s
13、tandards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.4Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005-4070, http
14、:/api-ec.api.org.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.*A Summary of Changes sec
15、tion appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 flakesshort discontinuous internal fissures attributedto stresses produced by localized transformation and dec
16、reasedsolubility of hydrogen during cooling after hot working.3.1.2 linear surface imperfection (or indication)an imper-fection or indication with a length at least three times its width.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in thepurchase order all ordering infor
17、mation necessary to purchasethe needed material. In addition to the ordering informationguide lines in Specification A961/A961M, orders should in-clude the following information:4.1.1 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes, 9.2.2,9.3, 11.5, 17.1, and 21.1).5. General Requirements5.1 Product
18、furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the general requirements ofSpecification A961/A961M constitutes nonconformance withthis specification.
19、 In case of conflict between the requirementsof this specification and Specification A961/A961M, thisspecification shall prevail.6. Manufacture6.1 The steel shall meet the melting practice of SpecificationA961/A961M.6.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined by 3(only) of Specification A
20、788/A788M.7. Heat Treatment7.1 After forging and before reheating for heat treatment,the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially below thetransformation range. The method of cooling shall be such asto ensure against the development of cracks, flakes, etc.7.2 All material shall be heat treated
21、 by annealing,normalizing, precipitation hardening, quenching-and-tempering, normalizing-and-tempering, normalizing-and-precipitation hardening, or quenching-and-precipitation hard-ening.7.2.1 The procedures for the various heat treatments are asgiven in Specification A961/A961M except as defined in
22、 thefollowing:TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementGradeL1AL2AL3 L4 L5 L6 L7BL8Carbon, max, %Heat analysis 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.20 0.20Product analysis 0.23 0.33 0.25 0.20 0.09 0.09 0.22 0.22Manganese, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.60-1.500.55-1.600.60-1.350.55-1.451.151.501.051.600.450.
23、650.400.700.400.700.350.751.852.201.752.300.90 max1.00 max0.200.400.150.45Phosphorus, max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.0300.0350.0300.0350.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0250.0300.0200.025Sulfur, max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.0300.0400.0300.0400.0250.0350.0250.0350.0250.0350.0250
24、.0350.0250.0350.0200.025Silicon, max, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.350.370.350.370.300.320.350.370.350.370.150.170.350.370.350.37Chromium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max0.600.900.560.940.30 max0.34 max0.30 max0.34 max1.502.001.442.06
25、Nickel, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max1.652.001.602.050.701.000.671.030.40 max0.43 max3.23.73.183.822.83.92.683.97Molybdenum, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.12 max0.13 max0.12 max0.13 max0.12 max0.13 max0.200.300.190.330.150.250.140.280.250.350.220.38
26、0.12 max0.13 max0.400.600.350.65Vanadium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.040.110.030.130.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 max0.05 max0.06 maxNitrogen, %Heat analysisProduct analysis.0.0100.0300.0050.035.Copper, %Heat analysisProduct analysis
27、0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.20 minC0.18 minC0.40 max0.43 max1.001.300.951.350.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 max0.40 max0.43 maxColumbium, %Heat analysisProduct analysis0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 max0.03 min0.02 min0.060.100.050.110.02 max0.03 max0.02 max0.03 maxA
28、The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.BThe sum of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.CWhen specified.A707/A707M 1427.2.1.1 Precipitation HardeningConsists of heating to atemperature between 1000 and 1250F
29、538 and 677C,holding at temperature for not less than12 h, and then coolingat any convenient rate.8. Chemical Composition8.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specifica-tion A961/A961M shall be made and conform to the require-ments as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.Leaded st
30、eels shall not be permitted.9. Mechanical Requirements9.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to themechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 2.9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with Table2, mechanical testing requirements shall conform to Specifica-tion A961/A961M.9.
31、2.1 For flanges smaller than 24 in. 610 mm in size, theforged test blanks shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm wide by 2 in.50 mm thick by 12 in. 300 mm in length. The testspecimens shall be taken with their longitudinal axes parallel tothe length of the test blank.9.2.2 For flanges 24 in. 610 mm and large
32、r in size, the testblank dimensions and orientation of test specimens withrespect to the test blank shall be subject to agreement.9.3 Specimens shall be obtained from the midwall of thethinnest section of the hub of the flange or34 in. 19 mm fromthe surface of the test blank. The orientation of spec
33、imenstaken from a flange shall be subject to agreement.10. Hardness Requirements10.1 A sufficient number of hardness measurements shall bemade to ensure that the hardness values are within the rangesprescribed in Table 2. The number of flanges to be tested shallbe as agreed upon between the manufact
34、urer and the purchaser.The purchaser may verify that the requirement has been met bytesting at any location on the flange, provided such testing doesnot render the flange useless.11. Impact Requirements11.1 The material in the weld neck shall conform to therequirements as to impact properties prescr
35、ibed in Table 2 ifthe weld neck section is14 in. 6 mm or greater in thickness.11.2 For the purpose of determining conformance withTable 2, specimens shall be obtained from production flangesafter heat treatment or from separately forged test blanksprepared from the stock used to make the forgings. S
36、uch testblanks shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationA961/A961M.11.3 Specimens shall be obtained from a location on theflange or test blank that represents the midwall of the weldneck if the thickness of the weld neck is 2 in. 50 mm or less.If the thickness is greater than 2 in. 50 mm, t
37、he specimenlocation shall be midway between a surface and the center ofthickness. Specimens taken from a flange shall be orientedlongitudinally with respect to the bore of the flange.11.4 One test (three specimens) shall be made from eachheat in each heat treatment charge.11.5 Unless otherwise speci
38、fied, the test temperature shallbe as specified in Table 3.12. Product Analysis12.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on flangessupplied to this specification in accordance with SpecificationA961/A961M.13. Ultrasonic Examination13.1 Each flange weld neck 24 in. 610 mm and larger indiameter s
39、hall be ultrasonically examined over 100 % of thearea within 2 in. 50 mm of the welding end.13.2 Longitudinal wave examination using a 214 MHztransducer 1 to 118 in. 25 to 29 mm in diameter or 1 in. square25 mm square shall be used. Examination shall be inaccordance with the general requirements of
40、Practice A388/A388M.13.3 Any area giving an indication equal to or larger thanthe signal received from a14-in. 6-mm flat-bottom hole shallbe cause for rejection. Multiple indications with an amplitudeTABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsProperty Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4Yield strengthAmin, ksi MPa 4
41、2290523606041575515Tensile strength, min, ksi MPa 60415664557551590620Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,min, %22 22 20 20Reduction of area, min, % 40 40 40 40Hardness, HBW 149207 149217 156235 179265Cv energy absorption,B,Cmin, avg,ftlbf J30 41 40 54 50 68 50 68Cvenergy absorption,B,Dmin,ftlbf J24 33 32
42、43 40 54 40 54A0.2 % offset.BFor a set of three full-size 10 by 10 mm Charpy V-notch specimens. Acceptancevalues for sub-size specimens are reduced in proportion to the reduction in widthof the specimen.CThese requirements are intended to minimize fracture initiation. They are notintended to give as
43、surance against fracture propagation. If minimization of fracturepropagation is of interest, consideration should be given to specifying Supplemen-tary Requirement S7 at the operating temperature.DMinimum impact energy permitted for one specimen only of a set of threespecimens.TABLE 3 Impact Test Te
44、mperaturesAGradeTest Temperature (Unless OtherwiseSpecified), F CL1 20 29L2 50 46L3 50 46L4 80 62L5 80 62L6 80 62L7 100 73L8 100 73AThese temperatures are the lowest test temperatures that are commonlyacceptable by the producer. If the minimum design temperature is higher,specifying the higher tempe
45、rature as the test temperature will generally result inincreased availability of a specific grade in greater thicknesses.A707/A707M 143exceeding 50 % of the indication from the calibration hole,accompanied by a loss of back reflection exceeding 50 %, shallalso be cause for rejection. Any indication
46、that results in acomplete loss of back reflection shall be cause for rejection.14. Tension Tests14.1 Tensile requirements shall comply with SpecificationA961/A961M where one tension test shall be made from eachheat in each heat treating charge.14.1.1 When the heat treating temperatures are the same
47、andthe furnaces (either batch or continuous type) are controlledwithin 625F 614C and equipped with recording pyrom-eters so that complete records of heat treatment are available,then one tension test from each heat is required instead of onetest from each heat in each heat treatment charge. The test
48、specimen material shall be included with a furnace charge.15. Hydrostatic Tests15.1 Forgings manufactured under this specification shall becapable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the ratingof the finished flange. Such tests shall be conducted by themanufacturer only when Supplementary
49、Requirement S8 ofSpecification A961/A961M is specified.16. Retreatment16.1 If the results of the mechanical property or impact testsdo not conform to the requirement specified, the manufacturermay reheat treat the flanges as applicable and repeat the testsspecified.17. Surface Finish, Appearance, and CorrosionProtection17.1 In addition to the requirements of Specification A961/A961M, the flanges
