1、Designation: A 709/A 709M 07Standard Specification forStructural Steel for Bridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 709/A 709M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars and quenched andtempered alloy stee
3、l for structural plates intended for use inbridges. Nine grades are available in four yield strength levelsas follows:Grade U.S. SI Yield Strength, ksi MPa36 250 36 25050 345 50 34550S 345S 50 34550W 345W 50 345HPS 50W HPS 345W 50 345HPS 70W HPS 485W 70 485100 690 100 690100W 690W 100 690HPS 100W HP
4、S 690W 100 6901.1.1 Grades 36 250, 50 345, 50S 345S, 50W 345W,100 690, and 100W 690W are also included in Specifica-tions A 36/A 36M, A 572/A 572M, A 992/A 992M, A 588/A588M, and A 514/A 514M, respectively. When the supplemen-tary requirements of this specification are specified, theyexceed the requ
5、irements of Specifications A 36/A 36M,A 572/A 572M, A 992/A 992M, A 588/A 588M, and A 514/A514M.1.1.2 Grades 50W 345W, HPS 50W HPS 345W, HPS70W HPS 485W, 100W 690W, and HPS 100W HPS690W have enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance (see14.1.2). Product availability is shown in Table 1.1.2 Grade HPS
6、 70W HPS 485W, 100 690, 100W690W, or HPS 100W HPS 690W shall not be substitutedfor Grades 36 250, 50 345, 50S 345S, 50W 345W, orHPS 50W HPS 345W. Grade 50W 345W, or HPS 50WHPS 345W shall not be substituted for Grades 36 250, 50345 or 50S 345S without agreement between the purchaserand the supplier.1
7、.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that awelding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intendeduse or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specifica-tion A 6/A 6M for information on weldability.1.4 For structural products to be used as tension componentsrequiring no
8、tch toughness testing, standardized requirementsare provided in this standard, and they are based uponAmerican Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO) requirements for both fracture critical andnon-fracture critical members.1.5 Supplementary requirements are available but s
9、hallapply only if specified in the purchase order.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is tobe used
10、independently of the other, without combining valuesin any way.1.7 For structural products produced from coil and fur-nished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, theadditional requirements, including additional testing require-ments and the reporting of additional test results, of S
11、pecifi-cation A 6/A 6M apply.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements forRolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and SheetPilingA 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Stee
12、l ProductsA 514/A 514M Specification for High-Yield-Strength,Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable forWeldingA 572/A 572M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyColumbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA 588/A 588M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyStructural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 M
13、Pa Minimum YieldPoint, with Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA 673/A 673M Specification for Sampling Procedure forImpact Testing of Structural Steel1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subco
14、mmitteeA01.02 on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published March 2007. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A 709/A 709M 06a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,
15、 orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
16、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A 992/A 992M Specification for Structural Steel ShapesG 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 fracture critical membera main load-carryi
17、ng ten-sion member or tension component of a bending memberwhose failure would be expected to cause collapse of astructure or bridge without multiple, redundant load paths.3.1.2 main load-carrying membera steel member de-signed to carry primary design loads, including dead, live,impact, and other lo
18、ads.3.1.3 non-fracture critical membera main load-carryingmember whose failure would not be expected to cause collapseof a structure or bridge with multiple, redundant load paths.TABLE 1 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsANOTE 1 Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement.GradePlate
19、Thickness,in. mmStructural Shape Flangeor LegThickness, in. mmYield Pointor YieldStrength,BksiMPaTensileStrength,ksi MPaMinimum Elongation, %Reduc-tion ofAreaC,Dmin, %BrinellHard-nessNumberPlates and BarsC,EShapesE8in.or 200mm2in.or 50mm8in.or 200mm2in.or 50mm36 250 to 4 100, incl to 3 in. 75 mm, in
20、cl 36 250 min 5880 400550 20 23 20 21 . .over 3 in. 75 mm 36 250 min 58 400 min . 20 19 . .50 345 to 4 100, incl all 50 345 min 65 450 min 18 21 18 21F. .50S 345SGall 5065345450HI65 450Hmin . . 18 21. .50W 345W andHPS 50WHPS 345Wto 4 100, incl all 50 345 min 70 485 min 18 21 18 21J. .HPS 70W HPS485
21、Wto 4 100, inclG70 485 minB85110 585760 . . . 19K. . .100 690 ,100W 690W,and HPS 100WHPS 690Wto 212 65, inclG100 690 minB110130 760895 . 18K. .L235293M100 690 and100W 690 Wover 212 to4 65 to 100G90 620 minB100130 690895 . 16K. .L.ASee specimen orientation and preparation subsection in the Tension Te
22、sts section of Specification A 6/A 6 M.BMeasured at 0.2 % offset or 0.5 % extension under load as described in Section 13 of Test Methods A 370.CElongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for floor plates.DFor plates wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the reduction of area requirement, wh
23、ere applicable, is reduced by five percentage points.EFor plates wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the elongation requirement is reduced by two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Testssection of Specification A 6/A 6M.FElongation in 2 in. or 50 mm: 19 % for shapes with
24、flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.GNot applicable.HThe yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87 or less for shapes that are tested from the web location; for all other shapes, the requirement is 0.85.IA maximum yield strength of 70 ksi 480 MPa is permitted for structural shapes that are required to be t
25、ested from the web location.JFor wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm, elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm. of 18 % minimum applies.KIf measured on the Fig. 3 (Test Methods A 370) 112 in. 40mm wide specimen, the elongation is determined in a 2-in. or 50-mm. gage length that includes th
26、e fractureand shows the greatest elongation.L40 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig 3 (Test Methods A 370) 112 in. 40-mm wide specimen; 50 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig. 4 (Test MethodsA 370)12 in. 12.5-mm round specimen.MApplies only to Grades 100 690 and 100W 690W plates that are38
27、 in. 10 mm or less in thickness and are not tension tested (See 8.1).TABLE 2 Grade 36 250 Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)NOTE 1 Where “. . .” appears in this table there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as describedin the Heat Analysis section
28、 of Specification A 6/A 6M.ProductThickness,in. (mm)ShapesAAllPlatesBBarsBTo3420, inclOver34to 112 20to40,inclOver 112 to212 40to65,inclOver 212 to 465 to 100,inclTo3420,inclOver34 to112 20 to40, inclOver 112 to4 100, inclCarbon, max, % 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.28Manganese, % . . 0.801.2
29、0 0.801.20 0.851.20 . 0.600.90 0.600.90Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max, % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Silicon, % 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.150.40 0.150.40 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxCopper, min, % whencopper steel is specified0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.2
30、0 0.20 0.20 0.20AManganese content of 0.85 to 1.35 % and silicon content of 0.15 to 0.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.BFor each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up
31、to a maximumof 1.35 %.A 709/A 709M 0723.1.4 non-tension componenta steel member that is not intension under any design loading.3.1.5 secondary membera steel member used for aligningand bracing of main load-carrying members, or for attachingutilities, signs, or other items to them, but not to directl
32、ysupport primary design loads3.1.6 tension componenta part or element of a fracturecritical or non-fracture critical member that is in tension undervarious design loadings.4. Ordering Requirements4.1 In addition to the items listed in the ordering informa-tion section of Specification A 6/A 6M, the
33、following itemsshould be considered if applicable:4.1.1 Type of component (tension or non-tension, fracturecritical or non-fracture critical) (see Section 10).4.2 Impact testing temperature zone (see Table 8).5. General Requirements for Delivery5.1 Structural products furnished under this specificat
34、ionshall conform to the requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 6/A 6M, for the specific structural productordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this specificationshall prevail.5.2 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specifica-tion until they are processed into a fi
35、nished structural product.Structural products produced from coil means structural prod-ucts that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil. TheTABLE 3 Grade 50 345 Chemical RequirementsA(Heat Analysis)SiliconCColumbium,Vanadiumand NitrogenMaximum Diameter,Thickness, orDistance BetweenParallel
36、Faces, in. mmCarbon,max, %Manganese,Bmax, %Phosphorus,max, %Sulfur,max, %Plates to112-in.40mm Thick,Shapes withflangeor legthicknessto 3 in. 75mminclusive, SheetPiling, Bars,Zees, andRolledTees,max, %DPlates Over112 in. 40-mmThick and Shapeswith flange thicknessover 3 in. 75 mm, %4 100 0.23 1.35 0.0
37、4 0.05 0.40 0.150.40EACopper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20 % by heat analysis (0.18 % by product analysis).BManganese, minimum by heat analysis of 0.80 % (0.75 % by product analysis) shall be required for all plates over38 in. 10 mm in thickness; a minimum of 0.50 %(0.45 % by p
38、roduct analysis) shall be required for plates38 in. 10 mm and less in thickness, and for all other products. The manganese to carbon ratio shall not beless than 2 to 1. For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese abov
39、e thespecified maximum is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.60 %.CSilicon content in excess of 0.40 % by heat analysis must be negotiated.DBars over 112 in. 40 mm in diameter, thickness, or distance between parallel faces, shall be made by a killed steel practice.EAlloy content shall be in accordance
40、with Type 1, 2, 3, or 5 and the contents of the applicable elements shall be reported on the test report.Type Elements Heat Analysis, %1 ColumbiumA0.0050.05B2 Vanadium 0.010.153 ColumbiumAVanadiumColumbium plus vanadium0.0050.05B0.010.150.020.15C5 TitaniumNitrogenVanadium0.0060.040.0030.0150.06 maxA
41、Columbium shall be restricted to Grade 50 345 plate, bar, zee, and rolled tee thickness of34 in. 20 mm max, and to shapes with flange or leg thickness to 112 in.40 mm inclusive unless killed steel is furnished. Killed steel shall be confirmed by a statement of killed steel on the test report, or by
42、a report of the presence of a sufficientquantity of a strong deoxidizing element, such as silicon at 0.10 % or higher, or aluminum at 0.015 % or higher.BProduct analysis limits = 0.004 to 0.06 %.CProduct analysis limits = 0.01 to 0.16 %TABLE 4 Grade 50W 345 W Chemical Requirements (HeatAnalysis)NOTE
43、 1Types A, B, and C are equivalent to Specification A 588/A 588M Grades A, B, and C, respectively.ElementComposition, %AType A Type B Type CCarbonB0.19 max 0.20 max 0.15 maxManganeseB0.801.25 0.751.35 0.801.35Phosphorus 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 maxSulfur 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 maxSilicon 0.300.65 0.15
44、0.50 0.150.40Nickel 0.40 max 0.50 max 0.250.50Chromium 0.400.65 0.400.70 0.300.50Copper 0.250.40 0.200.40 0.200.50Vanadium 0.020.10 0.010.10 0.010.10AWeldability data for these types have been qualified by FHWA for use in bridgeconstruction.BFor each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the spec
45、ified maximum forcarbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum formanganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 %.A 709/A 709M 073processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operationsinvolved in the processing of a coil into a finished structuralproduct. Suc
46、h operations include decoiling, leveling orstraightening, hot-forming or cold-forming (if applicable),cutting to length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treat-ment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment,and certification.NOTE 1For structural products produced from coil and
47、 furnishedwithout heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test results are tobe reported for each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regardingstructural products produced from coil are described in SpecificationA 6/A 6M.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 For Grades 36 250 and 50 345, th
48、e steel shall besemi-killed or killed.6.2 For Grades 50W 345W, HPS 50W HPS 345W, andHPS 70W HPS 485W, the steel shall be made to fine grainpractice.6.3 For Grade 50S 345S, the steel shall be killed and suchshall be affirmed in the test report by a statement of killed steel,a value of 0.10 % or more for the silicon content, or a value of0.015 % or more for the total aluminum content.TABLE 5 Grade 100 690 and 100W 690W Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)NOTE 1 Where “. . .” appears in this table there is no requirement.NOTE 2Types A, B, C, E, F,
