1、Designation: A 709/A 709M 08Standard Specification forStructural Steel for Bridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 709/A 709M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars and quenched andtempered alloy steel
3、for structural plates intended for use inbridges. Nine grades are available in four yield strength levelsas follows:Grade U.S. SI Yield Strength, ksi MPa36 250 36 25050 345 50 34550S 345S 50 34550W 345W 50 345HPS 50W HPS 345W 50 345HPS 70W HPS 485W 70 485100 690 100 690100W 690W 100 690HPS 100W HPS
4、690W 100 6901.1.1 Grades 36 250, 50 345, 50S 345S, 50W 345W,100 690, and 100W 690W are also included in Specifica-tions A 36/A 36M, A 572/A 572M, A 992/A 992M, A 588/A 588M, A 514/A 514M, and A 514/A 514M, respectively.When the supplementary requirements of this specification arespecified, they exce
5、ed the requirements of Specifications A 36/A 36M, A 572/A 572M, A 992/A 992M, A 588/A 588M, andA 514/A 514M.1.1.2 Grades 50W 345W, HPS 50W HPS 345W, HPS70W HPS 485W, 100W 690W, and HPS 100W HPS690W have enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance (see14.1.2). Product availability is shown in Table 1.1
6、.2 Grade HPS 70W HPS 485W, 100 690, 100W690W, or HPS 100W HPS 690W shall not be substitutedfor Grades 36 250, 50 345, 50S 345S, 50W 345W, orHPS 50W HPS 345W. Grade 50W 345W, or HPS 50WHPS 345W shall not be substituted for Grades 36 250, 50345 or 50S 345S without agreement between the purchaserand th
7、e supplier.1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that awelding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intendeduse or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specifica-tion A 6/A 6M for information on weldability.1.4 For structural products to be used as tension components
8、requiring notch toughness testing, standardized requirementsare provided in this standard, and they are based uponAmerican Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO) requirements for both fracture critical andnon-fracture critical members.1.5 Supplementary requirements are ava
9、ilable but shallapply only if specified in the purchase order.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system i
10、s tobe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 For structural products produced from coil and fur-nished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, theadditional requirements, including additional testing re
11、quire-ments and the reporting of additional test results, of Specifi-cation A 6/A 6M apply.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements forRolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and SheetPilingA 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA
12、370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 514/A 514M Specification for High-Yield-Strength,Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable forWeldingA 572/A 572M Specification for High-Strength Low-AlloyColumbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA 588/A 588M Specification f
13、or High-Strength Low-AlloyStructural Steel, up to 50 ksi 345 MPa Minimum YieldPoint, with Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA 673/A 673M Specification for Sampling Procedure forImpact Testing of Structural SteelA 992/A 992M Specification for Structural Steel Shapes1This specification is under the juri
14、sdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.02 on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previo
15、us edition approved in 2007 as A 709/A 709M 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of
16、 Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to
17、This Standard:3.1.1 fracture critical membera main load-carrying ten-sion member or tension component of a bending memberwhose failure would be expected to cause collapse of astructure or bridge without multiple, redundant load paths.TABLE 1 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsANOTE 1Where “. . .” appe
18、ars in this table, there is no requirement.GradePlate Thickness,in. mmStructural Shape Flangeor LegThickness, in. mmYield Pointor YieldStrength,BksiMPaTensileStrength,ksi MPaMinimum Elongation, %Reduc-tion ofAreaC,Dmin, %BrinellHard-nessNumberPlates and BarsC,EShapesE8in.or 200mm2in.or 50mm8in.or 20
19、0mm2in.or 50mm36 250 to 4 100, incl to 3 in. 75 mm, incl 36 250 min 5880 400550 20 23 20 21 . .over 3 in. 75 mm 36 250 min 58 400 min . 20 19 . .50 345 to 4 100, incl all 50 345 min 65 450 min 18 21 18 21F. .50S 345SGall 5065345450HI65 450Hmin . . 18 21. .50W 345W andHPS 50WHPS 345Wto 4 100, incl al
20、l 50 345 min 70 485 min 18 21 18 21J. .HPS 70W HPS485 Wto 4 100, inclG70 485 minB85110 585760 . 19K. . .100 690 ,100W 690W,and HPS 100WHPS 690Wto 212 65, inclG100 690 minB110130 760895 . 18K. .L235293M100 690 and100W 690Wover 212 to4 65 to 100G90 620 minB100130 690895 . 16K. .L.ASee specimen orienta
21、tion and preparation subsection in the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M.BMeasured at 0.2 % offset or 0.5 % extension under load as described in Section 13 of Test Methods A 370.CElongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for floor plates.DFor plates wider than 24 in.
22、 600 mm, the reduction of area requirement, where applicable, is reduced by five percentage points.EFor plates wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the elongation requirement is reduced by two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Testssection of Specification A6/A6M.FElongat
23、ion in 2 in. or 50 mm: 19 % for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.GNot applicable.HThe yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87 or less for shapes that are tested from the web location; for all other shapes, the requirement is 0.85.IA maximum yield strength of 70 ksi 480 MPa is permitted for
24、 structural shapes that are required to be tested from the web location.JFor wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm, elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm of 18 % minimum applies.KIf measured on the Fig. 3 (Test Methods A 370)112 in. 40mm wide specimen, the elongation is determined in a 2-
25、in. or 50-mm gage length that includes the fractureand shows the greatest elongation.L40 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig 3 (Test Methods A 370)112 in. 40-mm wide specimen; 50 % minimum applies if measured on the Fig. 4 (Test MethodsA 370)12 in. 12.5-mm round specimen.MApplies only to Grades
26、 100 690 and 100W 690W plates that are38 in. 10 mm or less in thickness and are not tension tested (see 8.1).TABLE 2 Grade 36 250 Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)NOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported a
27、s describedin the Heat Analysis section of Specification A 6/A 6M.ProductThickness,in. (mm)ShapesAAllPlatesBBarsBTo3420, inclOver34to 112 20to40,inclOver 112 to212 40to65,inclOver 212 to 465 to 100,inclTo3420,inclOver34 to112 20 to40, inclOver 112 to4 100, inclCarbon, max, % 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27
28、 0.26 0.27 0.28Manganese, % . . 0.801.20 0.801.20 0.851.20 . 0.600.90 0.600.90Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max, % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Silicon, % 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.150.40 0.150.40 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxCopper, min, % whencopper st
29、eel is specified0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20AManganese content of 0.85 to 1.35 % and silicon content of 0.15 to 0.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.BFor each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the
30、specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximumof 1.35 %.A 709/A 709M 0823.1.2 main load-carrying membera steel member de-signed to carry primary design loads, including dead, live,impact, and other loads.3.1.3 non-fracture critical membera main load-carryingmember whose failure would not be exp
31、ected to cause collapseof a structure or bridge with multiple, redundant load paths.3.1.4 non-tension componenta steel member that is not intension under any design loading.3.1.5 secondary membera steel member used for aligningand bracing of main load-carrying members, or for attachingutilities, sig
32、ns, or other items to them, but not to directlysupport primary design loads3.1.6 tension componenta part or element of a fracturecritical or non-fracture critical member that is in tension undervarious design loadings.4. Ordering Requirements4.1 In addition to the items listed in the ordering inform
33、a-tion section of Specification A 6/A 6M, the following itemsshould be considered if applicable:4.1.1 Type of component (tension or non-tension, fracturecritical or non-fracture critical) (see Section 10).4.2 Impact testing temperature zone (see Table 8).TABLE 3 Grade 50 345 Chemical RequirementsA(H
34、eat Analysis)SiliconCColumbium,Vanadiumand NitrogenMaximum Diameter,Thickness, orDistance BetweenParallel Faces, in. mmCarbon,max, %Manganese,Bmax, %Phosphorus,max, %Sulfur,max, %Plates to112-in.40mm Thick,Shapes withflangeor legthicknessto 3 in. 75mminclusive, SheetPiling, Bars,Zees, andRolledTees,
35、max, %DPlates Over112 in. 40-mmThick and Shapeswith flange thicknessover 3 in. 75 mm, %4 100 0.23 1.35 0.04 0.05 0.40 0.150.40EACopper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20 % by heat analysis (0.18 % by product analysis).BManganese, minimum by heat analysis of 0.80 % (0.75 % by product
36、 analysis) shall be required for all plates over38 in. 10 mm in thickness; a minimum of 0.50% (0.45 % by product analysis) shall be required for plates38 in. 10 mm and less in thickness, and for all other products. The manganese to carbon ratio shall notbe less than 2 to 1. For each reduction of 0.0
37、1 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above thespecified maximum is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.60 %.CSilicon content in excess of 0.40 % by heat analysis must be negotiated.DBars over 112 in. 40 mm in diameter, thickness, or distan
38、ce between parallel faces, shall be made by a killed steel practice.EAlloy content shall be in accordance with Type 1, 2, 3, or 5 and the contents of the applicable elements shall be reported on the test report.Type Elements Heat Analysis, %1 ColumbiumA0.0050.05B2 Vanadium 0.010.153 ColumbiumAVanadi
39、umColumbium plus vanadium0.0050.05B0.010.150.020.15C5 TitaniumNitrogenVanadium0.0060.040.0030.0150.06 maxAColumbium shall be restricted to Grade 50 345 plate, bar, zee, and rolled tee thickness of34 in. 20 mm max, and to shapes with flange or leg thickness to 112 in.40 mm inclusive unless killed ste
40、el is furnished. Killed steel shall be confirmed by a statement of killed steel on the test report, or by a report of the presence of a sufficientquantity of a strong deoxidizing element, such as silicon at 0.10 % or higher, or aluminum at 0.015 % or higher.BProduct analysis limits = 0.004 to 0.06 %
41、.CProduct analysis limits = 0.01 to 0.16 %.TABLE 4 Grade 50W 345 W Chemical Requirements (HeatAnalysis)NOTE 1Types A, B, and C are equivalent to Specification A 588/A 588M Grades A, B, and C, respectively.ElementComposition, %AType A Type B Type CCarbonB0.19 max 0.20 max 0.15 maxManganeseB0.801.25 0
42、.751.35 0.801.35Phosphorus 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 maxSulfur 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 maxSilicon 0.300.65 0.150.50 0.150.40Nickel 0.40 max 0.50 max 0.250.50Chromium 0.400.65 0.400.70 0.300.50Copper 0.250.40 0.200.40 0.200.50Vanadium 0.020.10 0.010.10 0.010.10AWeldability data for these types have been
43、qualified by FHWA for use in bridgeconstruction.BFor each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum forcarbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum formanganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 %.A 709/A 709M 0835. General Requirements for Delive
44、ry5.1 Structural products furnished under this specificationshall conform to the requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 6/A 6M, for the specific structural productordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this specificationshall prevail.5.2 Coils are excluded from qualification
45、to this specifica-tion until they are processed into a finished structural product.Structural products produced from coil means structural prod-ucts that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil. Theprocessor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operationsinvolved in the processing o
46、f a coil into a finished structuralproduct. Such operations include decoiling, leveling orstraightening, hot-forming or cold-forming (if applicable),cutting to length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treat-ment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment,and certification.NOTE
47、1For structural products produced from coil and furnishedwithout heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test results are tobe reported for each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regardingstructural products produced from coil are described in SpecificationA 6/A 6M.TABLE 5 Grade 100
48、 690 and 100W 690W Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)NOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table there is no requirement.NOTE 2Types A, B, C, E, F, H, J, M, P, and Q are equivalent to Specification A 514/A 514M Grades A, B, C, E, F, H, J, M, P, and Q, respectively.Type A,%Type B,%Type C,%Type EA,%Type FA,%Type H,%Type J,%Type M,%Type PA,%Type QA,%MaximumThickness,in. mm1143211432114324100212652501143225041004100Carbon 0.150.21 0.120.21 0.100.20 0.120.20 0.100.20 0.120.21 0.120.21 0.120.21 0.120.21 0.140.21Manganese 0.
