1、Designation: A 732/A732M 09Standard Specification forCastings, Investment, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel forGeneral Application, and Cobalt Alloy for High Strength atElevated Temperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 732/A732M; the number immediately following the designation i
2、ndicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon and l
3、ow-alloy steel andcobalt alloy castings made by the investment casting process.1.2 Fifteen grades of steel and two cobalt alloy grades arecovered.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supple-mentary requirements shall apply only
4、when specified indi-vidually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of th
5、e other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA 95
6、7 Specification for Investment Castings, Steel andAlloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA 994 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of ProductSpecifications for Steel, Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloysA 997 Practice for Investment Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual Ex
7、aminationE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Testsof Metallic MaterialsE 139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for castings under this specification shouldinclude the following information:3.
8、1.1 Quantity,3.1.2 ASTM designation and issue date,3.1.3 Grade designation (Tables 1 and 2), and3.1.4 Description of casting by part, pattern, or drawingnumber. (Dimensional tolerances and machined surfaces shallbe indicated on the casting drawing.).3.2 The purchaser should specify any of the follow
9、inginformation to describe adequately the desired material:3.2.1 Heat-treat condition (see 5.1 and 5.2),3.2.2 Repair welding (see Section 8 and SpecificationA 957),3.2.3 Source inspection, if any (see Specification A 957),and3.2.4 Supplementary requirements required (marking, certi-fication, mechani
10、cal properties, NDT, and the like).4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 957, including any supple-mentary requirements that are indicated on the purchase order.Failure to comply with the requirements of SpecificationA
11、 957constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case ofconflict of this specification and Specification A 957, thisspecification shall prevail.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Steel castings shall be heat treated either by full anneal-ing, normalizing, normalizing and tempering, or quenching andtempe
12、ring to obtain the specified properties or other propertiesthat have been agreed upon within each grade. In this latterinstance, Supplementary Requirement S23 shall be used.5.1.1 Heat treatment shall be performed after the castingshave been allowed to cool below the transformation range.1This specif
13、ication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 7
14、32/A 732M 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the en
15、d of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Cobalt alloy castings shall be supplied in the as-castcondition unless otherwise agreed upon by supplier and pur-chaser.5.3 Definitions of terms relating to heat t
16、reatment shall be inaccordance with Terminology A 941.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements forchemical composition specified in Table 1 and Table 2.7. Quality7.1 The surface of the casting shall be examined visually tomeet the requirements of PracticeA 997.Accept
17、ance criteria tobe mutually agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.7.2 The castings shall not be peened or plugged or impreg-nated.8. Repair by Welding8.1 Welding shall be accomplished with a filler metal thatproduces a weld deposit with a chemical composition similar tothe casting. Castings ord
18、ered in the annealed condition or forsubsequent hardening shall be annealed after weld repairs.Castings ordered heat treated shall be post weld heat treated inaccordance with the qualified welding procedure after weldrepairs with the exception of Grades 1A and 2A where postweld heat treatment is opt
19、ional.8.2 Welds shall be subject to the same quality standards asused to inspect the castings.9. Keywords9.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; cobalt alloys; investment cast-ings; steel castingsTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade 1A 2A,2Q 3A,3Q 4A,4Q 5N 6N 7Q 8QType Low CarbonIC 1020AMediumCarbonIC 1030Medi
20、umCarbonIC 1040MediumCarbonIC 1050VanadiumIC 6120ManganeseMolybdenumIC 4020ChromiumMolybdenumIC 4130ChromiumMolybdenumIC 4140Carbon 0.15 to 0.25 0.25 to 0.35 0.35 to 0.45 0.45 to 0.55 0.30 max 0.35 max 0.25 to 0.35 0.35 to 0.45Manganese 0.20 to 0.60 0.70 to 1.00 0.70 to 1.00 0.70 to 1.00 0.70 to 1.0
21、0 1.35 to 1.75 0.40 to 0.70 0.70 to 1.00Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045Silicon 0.20 to 1.00 0.20 to 1.00 0.20 to 1.00 0.20 to 1.00 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80NickelChromium 0.80 to 1.10 0.80 to
22、 1.10Molybdenum 0.25 to 0.55 0.15 to 0.25 0.15 to 0.25Vanadium 0.05 to 0.15Residual Elements:Copper 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Nickel 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Chromium 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35Molybdenum + Tungsten 0.25 0.25Tungsten 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.10 0.10Total content of theser
23、esidual elements1.00 1.00 1.00 0.60 1.00 1.00 0.60 1.00Grade 9Q 10Q 11Q 12Q 13Q 14Q 15AType Chrome NickelMolybdenumIC 4330Chrome NickelMolybdenumIC 4340Nickel Molyb-denumIC 4620ChromiumVanadiumIC 6150Chrome NickelMolybdenumIC 8620Chrome NickelMolybdenumIC 8630ChromiumIC 52100Carbon 0.25 to 0.35 0.35
24、 to 0.45 0.15 to 0.25 0.45 to 0.55 0.15 to 0.25 0.25 to 0.35 0.95 to 1.10Manganese 0.40 to 0.70 0.70 to 1.00 0.40 to 0.70 0.65 to 0.95 0.65 to 0.95 0.65 to 0.95 0.25 to 0.55Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045Silicon 0.20 to 0.80 0.2
25、0 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80 0.20 to 0.80Nickel 1.65 to 2.00 1.65 to 2.00 1.65 to 2.00 0.40 to 0.70 0.40 to 0.70Chromium 0.70 to 0.90 0.70 to 0.90 0.80 to 1.10 0.40 to 0.70 0.40 to 0.70 1.30 to 1.60Molybdenum 0.20 to 0.30 0.20 to 0.30 0.20 to 0.30 0.15 to 0.25 0.15 t
26、o 0.25Vanadium 0.15 minResidual Elements:Copper 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Nickel 0.50 0.50Chromium 0.35Molybdenum + Tungsten 0.10Tungsten 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Total content of theseresidual elements0.60 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.60AInvestment Casting (IC) numbers are to be used only
27、 for nomenclature comparison.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements-Cobalt AlloysGrade 21 31Carbon 0.200.30 0.450.55Manganese, max. 1.00 1.00Silicon, max 1.00 1.00Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040Chromium 25.029.0 24.526.5Nickel 1.73.8 9.511.5Cobalt remainder remainderMolybdenum 5.06.0 .Tung
28、sten . 7.08.0Iron, max. 3.00 2.00Boron 0.007 max 0.0050.015A 732/A732M 092SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. Alist of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inS
29、pecification A 957. Those ordinarily considered suitable for use with this specification are givenbelow, together with additional supplementary requirements that are applicable only to thisspecification. Other supplementary requirements enumerated in Specification A 957 may be used withthis specific
30、ation upon agreement between supplier and purchaser.S1. Magnetic Particle InspectionS2. Radiographic InspectionS3. Liquid Penetrant InspectionS6. CertificationS7. Prior Approval of Major Weld RepairsS8. MarkingS10. Hardness TestS10.1 Hardness measurements at specified locations of thecastings shall
31、be made in accordance with Test Methods andDefinitions A 370 and reported.S13. Unspecified ElementsS16. Weld Repair ChartsS19. DecarburizationS23. Mechanical PropertiesS23.1 Mechanical properties other than those specified inTable S24 may be ordered for each of the grades. Theproperties shall be agr
32、eed upon between the supplier and thepurchaser.S24. Tension Test (Castings Heat Treated by Supplier)S24.1 Tensile properties shall be determined from castmaterial representing each master heat or sub heat. The resultsshall conform to the requirements specified in Table S24,ortoproperties agreed upon
33、, and shall be reported to the purchaseror his representative. See Specification A 957 for detailedtesting requirements of master heats and sub heats.S25. Tension Test (Castings Heat Treated by Purchaser)S25.1 The supplier shall heat treat a tension specimen ofcast material from the same master heat
34、 or sub heat todetermine whether the castings are capable of being heattreated to the specified properties. The results shall conform tothe requirements specified in Table S24, or to properties agreedupon, and shall be reported to the purchaser or his representa-tive. See Specification A 957 for det
35、ailed testing requirementsof master heats and sub heats.S26. High Temperature Tension TestS26.1 High-temperature tension tests of cast material fromthe same master heat or sub heat shall be required whenspecified in the inquiry, contract, or order. When so specified,the properties obtained shall be
36、reported to the purchaser or hisrepresentative and shall conform to the requirements pre-scribed in Table S26. The tension test shall be performed inTABLE S24 Tensile RequirementsGrade Tensile strength, min Yield strength, min Elongation, in 2-in.50-mm or 4diametersHeatTreatmentksi MPa ksi MPa1A 60
37、414 40 276 24 AA2A 65 448 45 310 25 A2Q 85 586 60 414 10 Q TB3A 75 517 48 331 25 A3Q 100 689 90 621 10 Q T4A 90 621 50 345 20 A4Q 125 862 100 689 5 Q T5N 85 586 55 379 22 N TC6N 90 621 60 414 20 N T7Q 150 1030 115 793 7 Q T8Q 180 1241 145 1000 5 Q T9Q 150 1030 115 793 7 Q T10Q 180 1241 145 1000 5 Q
38、T11 120 827 100 689 10 Q T12Q 190 1310 170 1172 4 Q T13Q 105 724 85 586 10 Q T14Q 150 1030 115 793 7 Q T15AD. . . . . AAAnnealed.BQuenched and tempered.CNormalized and tempered.DHardness Rockwell B, 100 max.A 732/A732M 093accordance with Test Methods E21. See Specification A 957for detailed testing
39、requirements of master heats and sub heats.S27. Stress Rupture TestS27.1 Stress rupture tests of cast material from the samemaster heat or sub heat shall be required when specified in theinquiry, contract, or order. When so specified, the propertiesobtained shall be reported to the purchaser or his
40、representativeand shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table S27.The stress rupture test shall be performed in accordance withPractice E 139. See Specification A 957 for detailed testingrequirements of master heats and sub heats.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. GUIDE TO CLASSIFICATIO
41、N OF COBALT ALLOY CASTINGSX1.1 This guide is appended to the specification as a sourceof information; it is not mandatory and does not form a part ofthe specification.X1.1.1 This specification itself is intended to provide boththe manufacturer and the purchaser of alloy castings with ameans of produ
42、ction control on the basis of acceptance throughmutually acceptable, sound, standard requirements.X1.1.2 This guide has been prepared as an aid to prospec-tive users of alloy castings covered by the specification indetermining the classification best suited for a particularapplication with due consi
43、deration to the particular require-ments for that application.X1.2 Stress for DesignThe old method of basing designcalculations on 50 % of the limiting creep stress is conserva-tive, but it is relatively crude and has the disadvantage that theresulting stress values do not have a consistent relation
44、 to lifeexpectancy. Design with the stress that should produce rupturein 100 000 h is frequently satisfactory, though it should berecognized that this is an extrapolated value and provides noassurance that the installation will actually endure for this time.Among the factors that can result in short
45、er life are reductionof the effective cross-sectional area by hot-gas corrosion,thermal stresses superimposed on the normal working stresses,and overheating. Usually overheating is the most serious ofthese, since in general a 200F 110C increase in temperaturewill cut the rupture strength in half.X1.
46、3 Grade 21 (Cobalt-base27 % Cr, 5.5 % Mo, 2.8 %Ni):X1.3.1 This grade is resistant to oxidizing and reducingatmospheres at temperatures up to 2100F 1150C. The alloyhas good strength at elevated temperatures and is used in manyapplications where resistance to thermal shock is important.The alloy can b
47、e produced as sand, shell, or investmentcastings.X1.3.2 CompositionThis grade is of the austenitic, solidsolutioning type and possesses its basic strength characteristicswithout the need of heat treatment. However, the alloy is sodesigned that aging occurs in the 1300 to 2100F 700 to1150C range by t
48、he formation of carbides, thus strengtheningthe alloy in service. The high chromium imparts the excellentoxidation resistance of the alloy and contributes, along with themolybdenum, to the strength of the alloy.X1.3.3 Mechanical PropertiesThis grade can be used forapplications of high stress up to 1
49、500F 815C and moderatestrength requirements to 2100F 1150C. The average as-casttensile strength at 1500F is 62 000 psi 430 MPa with 16 %elongation. The alloy exhibits good impact strength even in theage-strengthened condition. The average charpy V-notch im-pact strength after aging is above 20 ftlb 27 J in the 1200 toTABLE S26 Elevated-Temperature Tensile RequirementsGrade 21 31Condition as cast as castTest temperature:F 1500 1500C 820 820Tensile strength, min:ksi 52.
