1、Designation: A 753 08Standard Specification forWrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS K94490,K94840, N14076, N14080)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 753; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers commonly used wroughtnickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced or supplied expre
3、sslyfor use in magnetic cores and other parts requiring highmagnetic permeability, high electrical resistivity, low coercivefield strength, and low core loss.1.2 This specification covers materials supplied by a pro-ducer or converter to the form and physical condition desiredfor fabrication into pa
4、rts that will later be given a final heattreatment to achieve the desired magnetic characteristics. Itcovers materials supplied in the form of forging billet; hot-rolled plate, strip, and bar; cold-finished bar; cold-rolled andannealed sheet and strip; shaped bar and wire; and wire.1.2.1 This specif
5、ication does not cover either powder met-allurgically produced or cast parts.1.2.2 This specification lists requirements for strip productshaving isotropic or semi-isotropic magnetic properties but doesnot include requirements for anisotropic or square hysteresisloop alloys or alloys processed to yi
6、eld flattened hysteresisloops by use of heat treatments in an applied magnetic field.1.2.3 This specification does not cover alloys modified bythe addition of elements such as sulfur and selenium to enhancemachinability.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The val
7、ues given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 34/A 34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Test-ing of Magnetic MaterialsA 340 Terminology of Symbols and Definition
8、s Relating toMagnetic TestingA 341/A 341M Test Method for Direct Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and theBallistic Test MethodsA 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements forFlat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,Sheet, and StripA 484/A 484M Specif
9、ication for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Wire and Wire RodsA 596/A 596M Test Method for Direct-Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method andRing SpecimensA 772/A 772M
10、 Test Method for AC Magnetic Permeabilityof Materials Using Sinusoidal CurrentA 773/A 773M Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties ofMaterials Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures withdc Electronic HysteresigraphsE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E 10
11、19 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Nickel, andCobalt Alloys3. Terminology3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification aredefined in Terminology A 340.4. Classification4.1 Four specific alloy types are covered in Table 1.4.2 Alloy Ty
12、pe 2 in thin-strip form (thickness less than orequal to 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) is available in two different1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 onMagnetic Properties , and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 onMaterial Specifications.Current edition appro
13、ved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 75302.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to t
14、he standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Specific Alloy TypesAlloy Type UNS NumberANickel Range, %B1 K94490 43.5 to 46.52 K94840 47.0 to 49.03 N14076 75.0 to 78.04 N14080 79.0 to 82.0AUNS refers to the Unified Numbering System, an alloy identification systemsupported by ASTM. Re
15、fer to Practice E 527 for details.BAlloy Types 3 and 4 have additions of molybdenum, copper, and chromium toimprove magnetic performance.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.grades. Grade 1 is semi-isotropic and is recomme
16、nded for usein transformer laminations. Grade 2 is isotropic and is recom-mended for use in rotating machinery laminations and mag-netic shielding parts. These grades are the result of differentmill processing (that is, cold-rolling and annealing) practicesand cannot be created by changes in the fin
17、al heat treatmentgiven to the laminations or parts.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material conforming to this specificationshall include the following information:5.1.1 Reference to this specification and year of issue orrevision.5.1.2 Alloy type (Section 4) and grade where appropriate.5.1.3
18、Dimensions and tolerances (Section 12).5.1.4 Quantity (weight or number of pieces as appropriate).5.1.5 Form and condition (Section 7).5.1.6 Magnetic property requirements if they are other thanthose listed in this specification.5.1.7 Certification of chemical analysis and magnetic qual-ity evaluati
19、on.5.1.8 Marking and packaging requirements.5.1.9 End UseWhenever possible, the user should specifywhether the material will be machined, blanked into flat pieces,blanked and formed, deep drawn to shape, wound into a core,punched into laminations, or photo-etched. This will help theproducer to provi
20、de the most suitable material for the usersfabricating practices.5.1.10 Exceptions to this specification or special require-ments such as mechanical property requirements.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The alloys shall conform to the requirements prescribedin Table 2. Since magnetic performance is param
21、ount, analysisvariations are permitted by mutual agreement between the userand producer.6.2 Determination of metallic constituents and phosphorusshall be by a method(s) acceptable to both producer and user.Analysis of carbon and sulfur shall be done in accordance withTest Methods E 1019.7. Form and
22、Condition7.1 These materials are capable of being produced in a widevariety of forms and conditions suitable for further manufac-ture into specific magnetic articles. The desired form andcondition shall be specified and should be discussed with theproducer before ordering to assure receiving the app
23、ropriateproduct. Available forms and conditions are:7.1.1 Forging BilletHot worked; hot worked with sur-faces prepared by grinding.7.1.2 Hot-Rolled Plate, Strip, and BarHot-rolled; hot-rolled and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and annealed; hot-rolled,annealed, and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and mechanicall
24、ycleaned; mechanical properties as specified.7.1.3 Cold-Finished BarsCold-drawn; cold-drawn andcenterless ground; cold-drawn and annealed to specified me-chanical properties.7.1.4 Cold-Rolled Sheet and StripCold-rolled; deep drawquality; cold-rolled and annealed to specified mechanicalproperties.7.1
25、.5 WireCold-drawn; cold-drawn and annealed to speci-fied mechanical properties.7.1.6 Shaped Bar and WireCold-worked; cold-workedand annealed to specified mechanical properties.8. Magnetic Property RequirementsGeneralRequirements8.1 Test MethodsBecause of the extremely high magneticpermeabilities dev
26、eloped in these alloys after heat treatment,the use of permeameters (Test Method A 341/A 341M)isexpressly forbidden. Allowable test methods are those usingring-type specimens.8.2 Test SpecimenWhenever possible, test specimen sizeand shape shall conform to those listed in Practice A 34/A 34M. Specime
27、n shapes such as stacked laminations, solidrings, and spirally wound tape and wire cores are necessary forthe most accurate results. If, however, the product form ordimensions precludes the use of a preferred test specimen, thespecimen shape and size shall be mutually agreed uponbetween the producer
28、 and user.8.3 DensityThe assumed densities of these materials forpurposes of magnetic testing shall be as in Table 3:8.4 Heat TreatmentThe heat treatment applied to the testspecimen shall be mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. If no such agreement exists, the heat treatmentapplied to
29、the test specimen shall be chosen by the producer toexceed the magnetic property requirements listed in Tables 4and 5 of this specification. Refer to Appendix X2 for informa-tion on heat treatment of these alloys.9. dc Magnetic Property Requirements9.1 dc magnetic testing shall be the only magnetic
30、testmethod used for all product forms and sizes other than thinTABLE 2 Chemical Requirements (Weight Percent)Alloy 1 Alloy 2 Alloy 3 Alloy 4UNSK94490UNSK94840UNSN14076UNSN14080Carbon, max. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Manganese, max. 0.80 0.80 1.5 0.80Silicon, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Phosphorus, max. 0.03 0.0
31、3 0.02 0.02Sulfur, max. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Chromium 0.30 max. 0.30 max. 2.0-3.0 0.30 max.Nickel 43.5-46.5 47.0-49.0 75.0-78.0 79.0-82.0Molybdenum 0.30 max 0.30 max. 0.50 max 3.5-6.0Cobalt, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Copper 0.30 max 0.30 max. 4.0-6.0 0.30 max.IronAbalance balance balance balanceAIron is
32、 the balance by difference. Quantitative analysis of this element is notrequired.TABLE 3 Assumed DensityAssumed DensityAlloy Type UNS No. g/cm3(kg/m3)1 K94490 8.17 81702 K94840 8.25 82503 N14076 8.58 85804 (4 % Mo) N14080 8.74 87404 (5 % Mo) N14080 8.77 8770A753082strip and sheet. Thin sheet and str
33、ip is defined as flat-rolledproduct having a thickness of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or less.9.2 Testing shall be conducted using either Test MethodA 596/A 596M or Test Method A 773/A 773M.9.3 The dc magnetic property requirements after appropriateheat treatment are shown in Table 4. The symbol d refers to
34、 theminimum dimension such as thickness or diameter.10. ac Magnetic Property Requirements (Thin Sheet andStrip Only)10.1 ac magnetic testing shall be used for all strip and sheetwith a thickness of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or less.10.2 Testing shall consist of impedance permeability mea-sured at 60Hz and
35、 shall be conducted using Test MethodA 772/A 772M.10.3 The ac magnetic property requirements after appropri-ate heat treatment are shown in Table 5.10.3.1 For thicknesses not listed, the requirements shall bedetermined by linear interpolation of data shown in Table 5.10.3.2 For thicknesses outside t
36、he ranges shown in Table 5,the ac magnetic property requirements shall be as mutuallyagreed between the producer and user.11. Typical Physical and Mechanical Properties11.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listed inAppendix X1.12. Dimensions and Tolerances12.1 Dimensions and tolerances
37、 for all product forms andsizes shall be as mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. In lieu of such agreement, the tolerances listed in thelatest issue of the following specifications shall apply.12.1.1 Bars and BilletsSpecification A 484/A 484M.12.1.2 Plate, Sheet, and StripSpecification
38、 A 480/A 480M.12.1.3 Wire and Wire RodSpecification A 555/A 555M.TABLE 4 dc Magnetic Property RequirementsNOTEThe coercive field strength for Alloy Types 1 and 2 is determined from a maximum induction of 10 kG (1.0 T), while for Alloy Types 3 and4 the coercive field strength is determined from a max
39、imum induction of 5 kG (0.5 T).Product Form and Size Magnetic PropertyAlloyType 1UNSK94490AlloyType 2UNSK94840AlloyType 3UNSN14076AlloyType 4UNSN14080Billet (all sizes)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild 0.500 in. (12.7 mm)(Relative) Permeability at 40 G (14 mT), min . . . . . . . . . 35 000(Relative) Per
40、meability at 100 G (10 mT), min 4500 6000 . . . 42 000(Relative) Maximum Permeability, min 35 000 50 000 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.075(6.0).0.025(2.0)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild # 0.500 in.(12.7 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Pe
41、rmeability at 100 G(10 mT), min5000 7500 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min40 000 60 000 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.0)Sheet and Strip0.060 # d # 0.187 in.(1.52 # d # 4.75 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative
42、)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min6000 8000 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min50 000 90 000 . . . 200 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.0)Sheet and Strip0.020 d 0.060 in.(0.51 d 1.52mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 g(4 mT), min. . . . . . 55 000 55 000(
43、Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min7500 9000 70 000 70 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min55 000 100 000 250 000 250 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m), max.0.070(5.6)0.060(4.8)0.015(1.2)0.015(1.2)A75308313. Rejection and Rehearing13.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
44、this specification may be rejected by the user. The rejectionshall be reported to the producer promptly and in writing. Therejected material shall be set aside, adequately protected andcorrectly identified.13.2 The producer may make claim for a rehearing. In thisevent, the user shall make samples th
45、at are representative of therejected material available to the producer for evaluation.14. Certification14.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, theuser shall be furnished certification that samples representingeach lot have been either tested or inspected as directed in thisspecificat
46、ion and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the testresults shall be furnished to the user from the producer.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between theproducer and user.15.2 Material furnished und
47、er this specification shall beidentified by the name or symbol of the producer, alloy type,grade where appropriate, heat number, and product size. Eachheat supplied on an order must be identified and packagedseparately.16. Keywords16.1 bar; billet; nickel-iron; permeability; plate; sheet; strip;wire
48、APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TYPICAL PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIESX1.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listedin Tables X1.1-X1.3, respectively. These properties are pro-vided for information only and are not subject to measurementand certification on an order.TABLE 5 6
49、0Hz ac Magnetic Property RequirementsNOTE 1Alloy Type 2 Grade 1 is not normally produced in thicknessgreater than 0.014 in. (0.35 mm).Alloy Typeand GradeThicknessin. (mm)Minimum (Relative) Impedance Permeability (z)at the Peak Flux Density of:40 G(4 mT)200 G(20 mT)2000 G(200 mT)4000 G(400 mT)8000 G(800 mT)Type 2UNSK94840Grade 10.014(0.36)10 500 15 000 32 000. .0.010(0.25)11 000 17 000 40 000. .0.006(0.15)12 000 18 000 44 000 . . . . . .Type 2UNSK94840Grade 20.020(0.51)7000 11 500 23 000 27 000 23 5000.014(0.36)10 000 17 000 32 000 40 000 45 0000.010(0.25)10 000 1
