1、Designation: A753 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forWrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS K94490,K94840, N14076, N14080)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A753; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers commonly used wroughtnickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced o
3、r supplied expresslyfor use in magnetic cores and other parts requiring highmagnetic permeability, high electrical resistivity, low coercivefield strength, and low core loss.1.2 This specification covers materials supplied by a pro-ducer or converter to the form and physical condition desiredfor fab
4、rication into parts that will later be given a final heattreatment to achieve the desired magnetic characteristics. Itcovers materials supplied in the form of forging billet; hot-rolled plate, strip, and bar; cold-finished bar; cold-rolled andannealed sheet and strip; shaped bar and wire; and wire.1
5、.2.1 This specification does not cover either powder met-allurgically produced or cast parts.1.2.2 This specification lists requirements for strip productshaving isotropic or semi-isotropic magnetic properties but doesnot include requirements for anisotropic or square hysteresisloop alloys or alloys
6、 processed to yield flattened hysteresisloops by use of heat treatments in an applied magnetic field.1.2.3 This specification does not cover alloys modified bythe addition of elements such as sulfur and selenium to enhancemachinability.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas s
7、tandard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testingof Magnetic MaterialsA340 Terminology of Symbols and
8、 Definitions Relating toMagnetic TestingA341/A341M Test Method for Direct Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and theBallistic Test MethodsA480/A480M Specification for General Requirements forFlat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,Sheet, and StripA484/A484M S
9、pecification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA555/A555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Wire and Wire RodsA596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current MagneticProperties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method andRing SpecimensA772/A772M
10、Test Method forAC Magnetic Permeability ofMaterials Using Sinusoidal CurrentA773/A773M Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties ofMaterials Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures withdc Electronic HysteresigraphsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E1019 Tes
11、t Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and CobaltAlloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques3. Terminology3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification aredefined in Terminology A340.4. Classification4.1 Four specific alloy types are
12、covered in Table 1.4.2 Alloy Type 2 in thin-strip form (thickness less than orequal to 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) is available in two differentgrades. Grade 1 is semi-isotropic and is recommended for usein transformer laminations. Grade 2 is isotropic and is recom-mended for use in rotating machinery lamin
13、ations and mag-netic shielding parts. These grades are the result of differentmill processing (that is, cold-rolling and annealing) practicesand cannot be created by changes in the final heat treatmentgiven to the laminations or parts.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A
14、06 onMagnetic Properties, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 onMaterial Specifications.Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approvedin 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A75308. DOI: 10.1520/A0753-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards
15、, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
16、28-2959. United States15. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material conforming to this specificationshall include the following information:5.1.1 Reference to this specification and year of issue orrevision.5.1.2 Alloy type (Section 4) and grade where appropriate.5.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (S
17、ection 12).5.1.4 Quantity (weight or number of pieces as appropriate).5.1.5 Form and condition (Section 7).5.1.6 Magnetic property requirements if they are other thanthose listed in this specification.5.1.7 Certification of chemical analysis and magnetic qual-ity evaluation.5.1.8 Marking and packagi
18、ng requirements.5.1.9 End UseWhenever possible, the user should specifywhether the material will be machined, blanked into flat pieces,blanked and formed, deep drawn to shape, wound into a core,punched into laminations, or photo-etched. This will help theproducer to provide the most suitable materia
19、l for the usersfabricating practices.5.1.10 Exceptions to this specification or special require-ments such as mechanical property requirements.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The alloys shall conform to the requirements prescribedin Table 2. Since magnetic performance is paramount, analysisvariations are
20、 permitted by mutual agreement between the userand producer.6.2 Determination of metallic constituents and phosphorusshall be by a method(s) acceptable to both producer and user.Analysis of carbon and sulfur shall be done in accordance withTest Methods E1019.7. Form and Condition7.1 These materials
21、are capable of being produced in a widevariety of forms and conditions suitable for further manufac-ture into specific magnetic articles. The desired form andcondition shall be specified and should be discussed with theproducer before ordering to assure receiving the appropriateproduct. Available fo
22、rms and conditions are:7.1.1 Forging Billet Hot worked; hot worked with sur-faces prepared by grinding.7.1.2 Hot-Rolled Plate, Strip, and BarHot-rolled; hot-rolled and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and annealed; hot-rolled,annealed, and acid cleaned; hot-rolled and mechanicallycleaned; mechanical propert
23、ies as specified.7.1.3 Cold-Finished BarsCold-drawn; cold-drawn andcenterless ground; cold-drawn and annealed to specified me-chanical properties.7.1.4 Cold-Rolled Sheet and Strip Cold-rolled; deep drawquality; cold-rolled and annealed to specified mechanicalproperties.7.1.5 WireCold-drawn; cold-dra
24、wn and annealed to speci-fied mechanical properties.7.1.6 Shaped Bar and WireCold-worked; cold-workedand annealed to specified mechanical properties.8. Magnetic Property RequirementsGeneralRequirements8.1 Test Methods Because of the extremely high magneticpermeabilities developed in these alloys aft
25、er heat treatment,the use of permeameters (Test Method A341/A341M)isexpressly forbidden. Allowable test methods are those usingring-type specimens.8.2 Test Specimen Whenever possible, test specimen sizeand shape shall conform to those listed in Practice A34/A34M.Specimen shapes such as stacked lamin
26、ations, solid rings, andspirally wound tape and wire cores are necessary for the mostaccurate results. If, however, the product form or dimensionsprecludes the use of a preferred test specimen, the specimenshape and size shall be mutually agreed upon between theproducer and user.8.3 DensityThe assum
27、ed densities of these materials forpurposes of magnetic testing shall be as in Table 3:8.4 Heat Treatment The heat treatment applied to the testspecimen shall be mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. If no such agreement exists, the heat treatmentTABLE 1 Specific Alloy TypesAlloy Type U
28、NS NumberANickel Range, %B1 K94490 43.5 to 46.52 K94840 47.0 to 49.03 N14076 75.0 to 78.04 N14080 79.0 to 82.0AUNS refers to the Unified Numbering System, an alloy identification systemsupported by ASTM. Refer to Practice E527 for details.BAlloy Types 3 and 4 have additions of molybdenum, copper, an
29、d chromium toimprove magnetic performance.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements (Weight Percent)Alloy 1 Alloy 2 Alloy 3 Alloy 4UNSK94490UNSK94840UNSN14076UNSN14080Carbon, max. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Manganese, max. 0.80 0.80 1.5 0.80Silicon, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Phosphorus, max. 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02Sulfur, ma
30、x. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Chromium 0.30 max. 0.30 max. 2.0-3.0 0.30 max.Nickel 43.5-46.5 47.0-49.0 75.0-78.0 79.0-82.0Molybdenum 0.30 max 0.30 max. 0.50 max 3.5-6.0Cobalt, max. 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50Copper 0.30 max 0.30 max. 4.0-6.0 0.30 max.IronAbalance balance balance balanceAIron is the balance by diffe
31、rence. Quantitative analysis of this element is notrequired.TABLE 3 Assumed DensityAssumed DensityAlloy Type UNS No. g/cm3(kg/m3)1 K94490 8.17 81702 K94840 8.25 82503 N14076 8.58 85804 (4 % Mo) N14080 8.74 87404 (5 % Mo) N14080 8.77 8770A753 08 (2013)2applied to the test specimen shall be chosen by
32、the producer toexceed the magnetic property requirements listed in Tables 4and 5 of this specification. Refer to Appendix X2 for informa-tion on heat treatment of these alloys.9. dc Magnetic Property Requirements9.1 dc magnetic testing shall be the only magnetic testmethod used for all product forms
33、 and sizes other than thinstrip and sheet. Thin sheet and strip is defined as flat-rolledproduct having a thickness of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or less.9.2 Testing shall be conducted using either Test MethodA596/A596M or Test Method A773/A773M.9.3 The dc magnetic property requirements after appropriatehe
34、at treatment are shown in Table 4. The symbol d refers to theminimum dimension such as thickness or diameter.10. ac Magnetic Property Requirements (Thin Sheet andStrip Only)10.1 ac magnetic testing shall be used for all strip and sheetwith a thickness of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or less.10.2 Testing shal
35、l consist of impedance permeability mea-sured at 60Hz and shall be conducted using Test MethodA772/A772M.10.3 The ac magnetic property requirements after appropri-ate heat treatment are shown in Table 5.10.3.1 For thicknesses not listed, the requirements shall bedetermined by linear interpolation of
36、 data shown in Table 5.10.3.2 For thicknesses outside the ranges shown in Table 5,the ac magnetic property requirements shall be as mutuallyagreed between the producer and user.11. Typical Physical and Mechanical Properties11.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listed inAppendix X1.12.
37、Dimensions and Tolerances12.1 Dimensions and tolerances for all product forms andsizes shall be as mutually agreed upon between the producerand user. In lieu of such agreement, the tolerances listed in thelatest issue of the following specifications shall apply.TABLE 4 dc Magnetic Property Requireme
38、ntsNOTE 1The coercive field strength for Alloy Types 1 and 2 is determined from a maximum induction of 10 kG (1.0 T), while for Alloy Types 3 and4 the coercive field strength is determined from a maximum induction of 5 kG (0.5 T).Product Form and Size Magnetic PropertyAlloyType 1UNSK94490AlloyType 2
39、UNSK94840AlloyType 3UNSN14076AlloyType 4UNSN14080Billet (all sizes)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild 0.500 in. (12.7 mm)(Relative) Permeability at 40 G (14 mT), min . . . . . . . . . 35 000(Relative) Permeability at 100 G (10 mT), min 4500 6000 . . . 42 000(Relative) Maximum Permeability, min 35 000 50
40、000 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.075(6.0).0.025(2.0)Bar, Wire, Plate, Plate Coild # 0.500 in.(12.7 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min5000 7500 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min40 000 60 000
41、 . . . 175 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.0)Sheet and Strip0.060 # d # 0.187 in.(1.52 # d # 4.75 mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 G(4 mT), min. . . 35000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min6000 8000 . . . 42 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min50 000 90
42、000 . . . 200 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m),max.0.080(6.4)0.070(5.6).0.025(2.0)Sheet and Strip0.020 d 0.060 in.(0.51 d 1.52mm)(Relative)Permeability at 40 g(4 mT), min. . . . . . 55 000 55 000(Relative)Permeability at 100 G(10 mT), min7500 9000 70 000 70 000(Relative) MaximumPermeability, min5
43、5 000 100 000 250 000 250 000Coercive FieldStrength, Oe (A/m), max.0.070(5.6)0.060(4.8)0.015(1.2)0.015(1.2)A753 08 (2013)312.1.1 Bars and Billets Specification A484/A484M.12.1.2 Plate, Sheet, and StripSpecification A480/A480M.12.1.3 Wire and Wire RodSpecification A555/A555M.13. Rejection and Reheari
44、ng13.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected by the user. The rejectionshall be reported to the producer promptly and in writing. Therejected material shall be set aside, adequately protected andcorrectly identified.13.2 The producer may make claim f
45、or a rehearing. In thisevent, the user shall make samples that are representative of therejected material available to the producer for evaluation.14. Certification14.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, theuser shall be furnished certification that samples representingeach lot have b
46、een either tested or inspected as directed in thisspecification and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the testresults shall be furnished to the user from the producer.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreem
47、ent between theproducer and user.15.2 Material furnished under this specification shall beidentified by the name or symbol of the producer, alloy type,grade where appropriate, heat number, and product size. Eachheat supplied on an order must be identified and packagedseparately.16. Keywords16.1 bars
48、; billet; nickel-iron; permeability; plates; sheets;strips; wiresAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TYPICAL PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIESX1.1 Typical physical and mechanical properties are listedin Tables X1.1-X1.3, respectively. These properties are pro-vided for information only and are
49、not subject to measurementand certification on an order.TABLE 5 60Hz ac Magnetic Property RequirementsNOTE 1Alloy Type 2 Grade 1 is not normally produced in thicknessgreater than 0.014 in. (0.35 mm).Alloy Typeand GradeThicknessin. (mm)Minimum (Relative) Impedance Permeability (z)at the Peak Flux Density of:40 G(4 mT)200 G(20 mT)2000 G(200 mT)4000 G(400 mT)8000 G(800 mT)Type 2UNSK94840Grade 10.014(0.36)10 500 15 000 32 000. .0.010(0.25)11 000 17 000 40 000. .0.006(0.15)12 000 18 000 44 000 . . . . . .Type 2UNSK94840Grade 20.020(0.51)7000 11 500 23 000 27 000 23
