1、Designation: A778/A778M 15Standard Specification forWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A778/A778M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers straight seam and spiral buttseam welded unannealed austenitic stainless steel tubul
3、arproducts intended for low and moderate temperatures andcorrosive service where heat treatment is not necessary forcorrosion resistance. Table 1 lists the five grades covered bythis specification. The user of this specification should beaware that a minimum amount of testing and examination isrequi
4、red of the basic product. The user requiring additionaltesting or examination is referred to the supplemental require-ments or Ordering Information, or both. Users requiring atubular product with post-weld heat treatment or with radio-graphic examination are referred to Specification A312/A312M, A35
5、8/A358M,orA409/A409M, as applicable.1.2 This specification covers welded unannealed tubularproducts 3 in. 75 mm through 48 in. 1200 mm in outsidediameter and in nominal wall thicknesses of 0.062 in. 1.57mm through 0.500 in. 12.70 mm produced to this specifica-tion. Tubular products having other diam
6、eters or wallthickness, or both, may be furnished provided it complies withall other requirements of this specification.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in each sys
7、temmay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall beused independently of the other. Combining the values fromthe two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.2. Refe
8、renced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsA262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA312/A312M Specificat
9、ion for Seamless, Welded, andHeavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesA358/A358M Specification for Electric-Fusion-WeldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Pro
10、ductsA409/A409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureServiceA700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methodsfor Steel Products for ShipmentA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and FerroalloysA999/A999M Spec
11、ification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeE340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)2.2 AWS Standards:A5.4 CorrosionResisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Covered Welding Electrode
12、s3A5.9 CorrosionResisting Chromium and Chromium-NickelSteel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes32.3 SAE Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M and Ter-minology A941 are applicable to this specificati
13、on.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved
14、 in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A778 01 (2009)1.DOI: 10.1520/A0778_A0778M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docum
15、ent Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at
16、the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification should includethe following:4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),4.1.2 Name of
17、material (welded unannealed austenitic stain-less steel tubular products),4.1.3 Straight seam or spiral butt seam,4.1.4 Grade (see Table 1),4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and specified wall thickness)(see 10.3 and 10.4),4.1.6 Length (mill standard lengths, or specify cut lengths)(see 10.1),4.1.7 Optio
18、nal requirements (Supplementary RequirementsS1 to S5),4.1.8 Certification requirements,4.1.9 Specification designation, and4.1.10 Special requirements.5. Significance and Use5.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.06,A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standardcomposition l
19、imits listed in this specification for the gradesidentified by the corresponding UNS designation in the productspecification unless there is a specific technical justification fordoing otherwise. The compositions in this specification shallnot be considered as chemical requirements for any particula
20、rproduct until adopted by the subcommittee overseeing thatproduct.6. Manufacture6.1 The tubular products shall be made from flat-rolled steelsheet, coil, or plate by a shielded arc-welding process. Thematerial used for manufacture shall conform to the require-ments of one of the grades of Specificat
21、ion A240/A240M listedin Table 1. At the manufacturers option, filler metal may beused.6.2 Tubular products 14 in. 350 mm in diameter andsmaller shall have a single longitudinal weld or a spiral buttweld seam. Tubular products of larger diameter may have amaximum of three longitudinal welds. All weld
22、 tests,examinations, inspections, or treatments are to be performed oneach weld seam.6.3 Circumferentially welded joints of the same quality asthe longitudinal or spiral joints shall be permitted by agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.6.4 All tubular products shall be furnished clean
23、 and free ofscale.6.5 Welding:6.5.1 The welds shall be made by the manual or automaticelectric-welding process.6.5.2 The welded joints may show a reinforcing bead nogreater than116 in. 1.57 mm on either surface of the tubularproduct. At no place shall the thickness of the weld section beless than th
24、e minimum wall thickness permitted by the toler-ances of 10.4. The weld bead may be removed at the option ofthe manufacturer or upon agreement between the manufacturerand purchaser.6.5.3 Injurious weld defects shall be repaired by removal tosound metal and rewelding.6.5.4 The alloy content (chromium
25、, nickel, molybdenum,columbium, and carbon) of the filler metal shall conform tothat required for the plate or the welding electrodes as shownin Table II of Specification AWS A5.4 or in Table I ofSpecification AWS A5.9, except that when welding on Type321 base metal, the deposited weld metal may cor
26、respond toType 347.7. Mechanical Test Requirements7.1 Each lot shall be subjected to one transverse tension testand two transverse guided bend tests.NOTE 1The term lot applies to all pipe of the same grade, of the samethickness, produced from the same heat with the same weld procedure.7.2 The maximu
27、m lot size shall be in accordance with thefollowing table:Diameter Range Lot Size (lengths)up to 3 in. 75 mm exclusive 40038 in. 75200 mm exclusive 300814 in. 200350 mmexclusive20014 in. 350 mm and over 1007.3 Specimen Preparation:7.3.1 Transverse tension and bend test specimens shall betaken from t
28、he end of a length and shall be flattened cold beforefinal machining to size.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGradeUNSDesignationACarbonmaxBManga-nese,maxPhos-phorus,maxComposition, %TitaniumColumbiumPlusTantalumNitrogen,maxSulfur,maxSilicon,maxChromium NickelTP 304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 1
29、8.020.0 8.013.0 . . . 0.10TP 316L S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00. . 0.10TP 317L S31703 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 11.015.0 3.04.0. . 0.10TP 321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 .C. .TP 347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 .
30、 .D.ANew designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.BThe carbon analysis shall be reported to the nearest 0.01 %, except for the low carbon (0.030) types, which shall be reported to the nearest 0.001 %.CThe titanium content shall be not less than five times the carbon con
31、tent and not more than 0.70 %.DThe columbium plus tantalum content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %.A778/A778M 1527.3.2 As an alternative to the requirements of 7.3.1, the testspecimens may be taken from test plates of the same materialas the tube, which a
32、re attached to the end of the cylinder andwelded as a prolongation of the tube longitudinal weld.7.3.3 Tension test specimens shall be made in accordancewith Test Methods and Definitions A370.7.4 Transverse Tension Test:7.4.1 Transverse tension tests taken transversely across thewelded joint shall m
33、eet the same minimum tensile strength asthe base material (Table 2).7.4.2 When diameters below 8-in. 200 mm make it im-practical to perform a transverse tension test, an alternative testmay be permitted by agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.7.5 Transverse GuidedBend Weld Test:7.5.1
34、Take two bend test specimens transversely from theweld. Subject one to a face guided-bend test and the second toa root guided-bend test. Bend one specimen with the insidesurface of the tube against the plunger, and the other with theoutside surface against the plunger.7.5.2 The bend test shall be ac
35、ceptable if no cracks or otherdefects exceeding18 in. 3.17 mm in any direction are presentin the weld metal or between the weld and the parent metalafter bending. Cracks that originate along the edges of thespecimen during testing, and that are less than14 in. 6.35 mmmeasured in any direction shall
36、not be considered.7.5.3 Make and test transverse guided-bend weld test speci-mens in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.7.5.4 When diameters below 8 in. 200 mm make itimpractical to perform a transverse guided-bend test, a flatten-ing test may be substituted (see Supplementary Require
37、mentS5).8. Heat Treatment8.1 Heat treatment shall not be required.9. Chemical Requirements9.1 Mill certificates of heat analysis of each heat of steelshall be furnished upon request.10. Permissible Variations in Tubular ProductsDimensions10.1 LengthsTubular products are normally furnished inmill len
38、gths 10 ft 3 m and over. If specific lengths areordered, no length shall be under the length specified and notmore than14 in. 6.35 mm over that specified.10.2 StraightnessUsing a 10-ft 3-m straightedge placedso that both ends are in contact with the length, a maximum ofa 0.25-in. 6.35-mm gap is allo
39、wable.10.3 Diameter ToleranceRefer to the applicable table inSpecification A999/A999M.10.4 Wall ThicknessWall thickness tolerance shall be612.5 %.11. Workmanship11.1 Finished products shall have smooth ends free of burrs.Tubular products shall be free of injurious defects and shallhave a workmanlike
40、 finish. Surface imperfections, such ashandling marks, straightening marks, light mandrel and diemarks, shallow pits, and scale patterns, will not be consideredas serious defects, provided the imperfections are removablewithin the allowable wall thickness tolerance. The removal ofsurface imperfectio
41、ns is not required.12. Inspection12.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall haveentry at all times while work on the contract of the purchaseris being performed, to all parts of the manufacturers worksthat concern the manufacture of the material ordered. Themanufacturer shall afford the ins
42、pector all reasonable facilitiesto satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordancewith this specification. All required tests and inspections shallbe made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unlessotherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not tointerfere unnecessari
43、ly with the operation of the works.13. Rejection13.1 Each length of tube received from the manufacturermay be inspected by the purchaser. If it does not meet therequirements of this specification based on the inspection andtest method as outlined, the length may be rejected and themanufacturer shall
44、 be notified. Disposition of rejected lengthsshall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.14. Certification14.1 A certification that the material conforms to the re-quirements of this specification shall be the basis of acceptanceof the material. When requested by the pur
45、chaser, the manu-facturer shall report to the purchaser or his representative theresults of any supplemental test requirements.15. Product Marking15.1 Each length of tube shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or brand, specified size, heat number, thisspecification number, grade of mate
46、rial, and the letters HT-O toindicate that the pipe was not heat treated.15.2 For small-diameter tubes and pieces under 3 ft 0.90 min length, the information specified in 15.1 shall be marked ona tag securely attached to the bundle or box in which the piecesare shipped.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGr
47、ade UNSDesignationTensileStrength, min,ksi MPaTP 304L S30403 70 485TP 316L S31603 70 485TP 317L S31703 75 515TP 321 S32100 75 515TP 347 S34700 75 515A778/A778M 15316. Packaging16.1 Tubular products may be shipped loose. The manufac-turer may, at his option, box, crate, or package in secure lifts orb
48、undles to ensure safe delivery as specified in Practices A700.17. Keywords17.1 austenitic stainless steel; stainless steel tubing; steeltubing; welded steel tubingSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following supplementary requirements may be included in the purchasersinquiry or in the orde
49、r or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have thesame force as if it were in the body of the specification. Details of a supplementary requirement shallbe agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Etching TestsS1.1 An etching test, when specified, shall be made on atransverse section from one end of one length from each 2500ft 760 m or fraction thereof from each heat of steel or asspecified by the purchaser. An etching test in accordance withTest Method E34
