1、Designation: A 778 01Standard Specification forWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 778; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers straight seam and spiral buttseam welded unannealed austenitic stainless steel tubularproducts
3、 intended for low and moderate temperatures andcorrosive service where heat treatment is not necessary forcorrosion resistance. Table 1 lists the five grades covered bythis specification. The user of this specification should beaware that a minimum amount of testing and examination isrequired of the
4、 basic product. The user requiring additionaltesting or examination is referred to the supplemental require-ments or Ordering Information, or both. Users requiring atubular product with post-weld heat treatment or with radio-graphic examination are referred to Specification A 312/A 312M, A 358/A 358
5、M, or A 409/A 409M, as applicable.1.2 This specification covers welded unannealed tubularproducts 3 in. (75 mm) through 48 in. (1200 mm) in outsidediameter and in nominal wall thicknesses of 0.062 in. (1.5 mm)through 0.500 in. (12.5 mm) produced to this specification.Tubular products having other di
6、ameters or wall thickness, orboth, may be furnished provided it complies with all otherrequirements of this specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 240 Specification for Heat-Resisting Chromium andChromium-
7、Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Stripfor Pressure Vessels2A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels2A 312/A 312M Specification for Seamless and WeldedAustenitic Stainless Steel Pipes3A 358/A 358M Specification for Electric-Fusion-We
8、ldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service3A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products2A 409/A 409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureService3A 700 Practices for Packaging, Ma
9、rking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment4A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Related Alloys, andFerroalloys3A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel Pipe3E 340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys5E 527 Practice for Numberi
10、ng Metals and Alloys (UNS)32.2 AWS Standards:A 5.4 CorrosionResisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Covered Welding Electrodes6A 5.9 CorrosionResisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes62.3 SAE Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)73.
11、 Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 The definitions in Specification A 999/A 999M andTerminology A 941 are applicable to this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification should includethe following:4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),4.1.2 Name of ma
12、terial (welded unannealed austenitic stain-less steel tubular products),4.1.3 Straight seam or spiral butt seam,4.1.4 Grade (see Table 1),4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and specified wall thickness)(see 10.3 and 10.4),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainle
13、ss Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Mar. 10, 2001. Published June 2001. Originallypublished as A 778 80. Last previous edition A 778 00.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.3An
14、nual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.6Available from American Welding Society, 2501 N.W. 7th St., Miami, FL33125.7Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale, PA 15096.1Copyrig
15、ht ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.6 Length (mill standard lengths, or specify cut lengths)(see 10.1),4.1.7 Optional requirements (Supplementary RequirementsS1 to S5),4.1.8 Certification requirements,4.1.9 Specification desi
16、gnation, and4.1.10 Special requirements.5. Significance and Use5.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.06,A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standardcomposition limits listed in this specification for the gradesidentified by the corresponding UNS designation in the product
17、specification unless there is a specific technical justification fordoing otherwise. The compositions in this specification shallnot be considered as chemical requirements for any particularproduct until adopted by the subcommittee overseeing thatproduct.6. Manufacture6.1 The tubular products shall
18、be made from flat-rolled steelsheet, coil, or plate by a shielded arc-welding process. Thematerial used for manufacture shall conform to the require-ments of one of the grades of Specification A 240 listed inTable 1. At the manufacturers option, filler metal may be used.6.2 Tubular products 14 in. (
19、350 mm) in diameter andsmaller shall have a single longitudinal weld or a spiral buttweld seam. Tubular products of larger diameter may have amaximum of three longitudinal welds. All weld tests, exami-nations, inspections, or treatments are to be performed on eachweld seam.6.3 Circumferentially weld
20、ed joints of the same quality asthe longitudinal or spiral joints shall be permitted by agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.6.4 All tubular products shall be furnished clean and free ofscale.6.5 Welding:6.5.1 The welds shall be made by the manual or automaticelectric-welding process.
21、6.5.2 The welded joints may show a reinforcing bead nogreater than116 in. (1.6 mm) on either surface of the tubularproduct. At no place shall the thickness of the weld section beless than the minimum wall thickness permitted by the toler-ances of 10.4. The weld bead may be removed at the option ofth
22、e manufacturer or upon agreement between the manufacturerand purchaser.6.5.3 Injurious weld defects shall be repaired by removal tosound metal and rewelding.6.5.4 The alloy content (chromium, nickel, molybdenum,columbium, and carbon) of the filler metal shall conform tothat required for the plate or
23、 the welding electrodes as shownin Table II of Specification AWS A5.4 or in Table I ofSpecification AWS A5.9, except that when welding on Type321 base metal, the deposited weld metal may correspond toType 347.7. Mechanical Test Requirements7.1 Each lot shall be subjected to one transverse tension te
24、stand two transverse guided bend tests.NOTE 1The term lot applies to all pipe of the same grade, of the samethickness, produced from the same heat with the same weld procedure.7.2 The maximum lot size shall be in accordance with thefollowing table:Diameter Range Lot Size (lengths)up to 3 in. exclusi
25、ve 40038 in. exclusive 300814 in. exclusive 20014 in. and over 1007.3 Specimen Preparation:7.3.1 Transverse tension and bend test specimens shall betaken from the end of a length and shall be flattened cold beforefinal machining to size.7.3.2 As an alternative to the requirements of 7.3.1, the tests
26、pecimens may be taken from test plates of the same materialas the tube, which are attached to the end of the cylinder andwelded as a prolongation of the tube longitudinal weld.7.3.3 Tension test specimens shall be made in accordancewith Test Methods and Definitions A 370.7.4 Transverse Tension Test:
27、7.4.1 Transverse tension tests taken transversely across thewelded joint shall meet the same minimum tensile strength asthe base material (Table 2).7.4.2 When diameters below 8-in. (200 mm) make it im-practical to perform a transverse tension test, an alternative testmay be permitted by agreement be
28、tween the manufacturer andthe purchaser.7.5 Transverse GuidedBend Weld Test:TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGradeUNSDesignationACarbonmaxBManga-nese,maxPhos-phorus,maxComposition, %TitaniumColumbiumPlusTantalusNitrogen,maxSulfur,maxSilicon,maxChromium NickelTP 304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18
29、.020.0 8.013.0 . . . 0.10TP 316L S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.018.0 10.014.0 2.003.00. . 0.10TP 317L S31703 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.020.0 11.015.0 3.04.0. . 0.10TP 321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 .C. .TP 347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.019.0 9.012.0 .
30、.D.ANew designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).BThe carbon analysis shall be reported to the nearest 0.01 %, except for the low carbon (0.030) types, which shall be reported to the nearest 0.001 %.CThe titanium content
31、shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.70 %.DThe columbium plus tantalum content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.10 %.A7780127.5.1 Take two bend test specimens transversely from theweld. Subject one to a face guided-bend test
32、and the second toa root guided-bend test. Bend one specimen with the insidesurface of the tube against the plunger, and the other with theoutside surface against the plunger.7.5.2 The bend test shall be acceptable if no cracks or otherdefects exceeding18 in. (3 mm) in any direction are present inthe
33、 weld metal or between the weld and the parent metal afterbending. Cracks that originate along the edges of the specimenduring testing, and that are less than14 in. (6 mm) measured inany direction shall not be considered.7.5.3 Make and test transverse guided-bend weld test speci-mens in accordance w
34、ith Test Methods and Definitions A 370.7.5.4 When diameters below 8 in. (200 mm) make itimpractical to perform a transverse guided-bend test, a flatten-ing test may be substituted (see Supplementary RequirementS5).8. Heat Treatment8.1 Heat treatment shall not be required.9. Chemical Requirements9.1
35、Mill certificates of heat analysis of each heat of steelshall be furnished upon request.10. Permissible Variations in Tubular ProductsDimensions10.1 LengthsTubular products are normally furnished inmill lengths 10 ft (3 m) and over. If specific lengths areordered, no length shall be under the length
36、 specified and notmore than14 in. (6 mm) over that specified.10.2 StraightnessUsing a 10-ft (3-m) straightedge placedso that both ends are in contact with the length, a maximum ofa 0.25-in. (6-mm) gap is allowable.10.3 Diameter ToleranceRefer to the applicable table inSpecification A 999/A 999M.10.4
37、 Wall ThicknessWall thickness tolerance shall be612.5 %.11. Workmanship11.1 Finished products shall have smooth ends free of burrs.Tubular products shall be free of injurious defects and shallhave a workmanlike finish. Surface imperfections, such ashandling marks, straightening marks, light mandrel
38、and diemarks, shallow pits, and scale patterns, will not be consideredas serious defects, provided the imperfections are removablewithin the allowable wall thickness tolerance. The removal ofsurface imperfections is not required.12. Inspection12.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall havee
39、ntry at all times while work on the contract of the purchaseris being performed, to all parts of the manufacturers worksthat concern the manufacture of the material ordered. Themanufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilitiesto satisfy him that the material is being furnished in acc
40、ordancewith this specification. All required tests and inspections shallbe made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unlessotherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not tointerfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.13. Rejection13.1 Each length of tube received from the
41、 manufacturermay be inspected by the purchaser. If it does not meet therequirements of this specification based on the inspection andtest method as outlined, the length may be rejected and themanufacturer shall be notified. Disposition of rejected lengthsshall be a matter of agreement between the ma
42、nufacturer andthe purchaser.14. Certification14.1 A certification that the material conforms to the re-quirements of this specification shall be the basis of acceptanceof the material. When requested by the purchaser, the manu-facturer shall report to the purchaser or his representative theresults o
43、f any supplemental test requirements.15. Product Marking15.1 Each length of tube shall be legibly marked with themanufacturers name or brand, specified size, heat number, thisspecification number, grade of material, and the letters HT-O toindicate that the pipe was not heat treated.15.2 For small-di
44、ameter tubes and pieces under 3 ft (0.90 m)in length, the information specified in 15.1 shall be marked ona tag securely attached to the bundle or box in which the piecesare shipped.16. Packaging16.1 Tubular products may be shipped loose. The manufac-turer may, at his option, box, crate, or package
45、in secure lifts orbundles to ensure safe delivery as specified in Practices A 700.17. Keywords17.1 austenitic stainless steel; stainless steel tubing; steeltubing; welded steel tubingTABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade UNSDesignationTensileStrength, min,ksi (MPa)TP 304L S30403 70 (485)TP 316L S31603 7
46、0 (485)TP 317L S31703 75 (515)TP 321 S32100 75 (515)TP 347 S34700 75 (515)A778013SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following supplementary requirements may be included in the purchasersinquiry or in the order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have thesame fo
47、rce as if it were in the body of the specification. Details of a supplementary requirement shallbe agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Etching TestsS1.1 An etching test, when specified, shall be made on atransverse section from one end of one length from each 2500ft (760 m) or f
48、raction thereof from each heat of steel or asspecified by the purchaser. An etching test in accordance withTest Method E 340 shall be made. The test shall show sound,homogeneous, and reasonable uniform material, free of injuri-ous laminations, cracks, and similar objectionable defects. Ifthe specime
49、n of any length shows objectional defects, oneretest shall be permitted from the same end. If this fails, thelength shall be rejected.S2. Intergranular Corrosion Bend TestS2.1 One intergranular corrosion bend test shall be made ona welded section from one end of one length from each 2500ft (760 m) or fraction thereof from each heat of steel or asspecified by the purchaser. The specimen shall be bent so thatthe location of weld is at the point of maximum bend. Themethod of testing shall be in accordance with Practice E ofPractices A 262.S3. Packaging Requir
