1、Designation: A 796/A 796M 06Standard Practice forStructural Design of Corrugated Steel Pipe, Pipe-Arches,and Arches for Storm and Sanitary Sewers and OtherBuried Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 796/A 796M; the number immediately following the designation indicates t
2、he yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the D
3、epartment of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the structural design of corrugatedsteel pipe and pipe-arches, ribbed and composite ribbed steelpipe, ribbed pipe with metallic-coated inserts, closed rib steelpipe, composite corrugated steel pipe, and steel structural platepipe, pipe-arches, a
4、nd underpasses for use as storm sewers andsanitary sewers, and other buried applications. Ribbed andcomposite ribbed steel pipe, ribbed pipe with metallic-coatedinserts, closed rib steel pipe, and composite corrugated steelpipe shall be of helical fabrication having a continuouslockseam. This practi
5、ce is for pipe installed in a trench orembankment and subjected to earth loads and live loads. Itmust be recognized that a buried corrugated steel pipe is acomposite structure made up of the steel ring and the soilenvelope, and both elements play a vital part in the structuraldesign of this type of
6、structure. This practice applies tostructures installed in accordance with Practice A 798/A 798Mor A 807/A 807M.1.2 Corrugated steel pipe and pipe-arches shall be of annu-lar fabrication using riveted or spot-welded seams, or of helicalfabrication having a continuous lockseam or welded seam.1.3 Stru
7、ctural plate pipe, pipe-arches, underpasses, andarches are fabricated in separate plates that, when assembled atthe job site by bolting, form the required shape.1.4 This specification is applicable to design in inch-poundunits as A 796 or in SI units as A 796M. Inch-pound units andSI units are not n
8、ecessarily equivalent. SI units are shown inbrackets in the text for clarity, but they are the applicablevalues when the design is done per A 796M.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this sta
9、ndard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 760/A 760M Specification for Corrugated Steel Pipe,Metallic-Coated for Sewers and DrainsA 761/A 761M Specification for Corr
10、ugated Steel Struc-tural Plate, Zinc-Coated, for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and ArchesA 762/A 762M Specification for Corrugated Steel Pipe,Polymer Precoated for Sewers and DrainsA 798/A 798M Practice for Installing Factory-Made Corru-gated Steel Pipe for Sewers and Other ApplicationsA 807/A 807
11、M Practice for Installing Corrugated SteelStructural Plate Pipe for Sewers and Other ApplicationsA 902 Terminology Relating to Metallic-Coated Steel Prod-uctsA 978/A 978M Specification for Composite Ribbed SteelPipe, Precoated and Polyethylene-Lined for Gravity FlowSanitary Sewers, Storm Sewers, and
12、 Other Special Appli-cationsA 1019/A 1019M Specification for Closed Rib Steel Pipewith a Diameter of 36 in. 900 mm or Less, PolymerPrecoated for Sewers and DrainsA 1042/A 1042M Specification for Composite CorrugatedSteel Pipe for Sewer and DrainsD 698 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Character-
13、istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3600kNm/m3)D 1556 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil inPlace by the Sand-Cone MethodD 2167 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil inPlace by the Rubber Balloon MethodD 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes(Un
14、ified Soil Classification System)D 2922 Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 on Metallic-Coated Iron and Steel Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA05.17 on C
15、orrugated Steel Pipe Specifications.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 796/A 796M-04a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.o
16、rg. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United State
17、s.D 2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by theDrive-Cylinder Method2.2 AASHTO Standard:Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges32.3 FAA Standard:AC No. 150/53205B Advisory Circular, “Airport Drain-age,” Department of Transportation, Federal AviationAdministration, 197043. Terminology3.1
18、 General DefinitionsFor definitions of general termsused in this practice, refer to Terminology A 902. For defini-tions of terms specific to this standard, refer to 3.2.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bedding, nthe earth or other material on which thepipe is laid, consisting
19、 of a thin layer of imported material ontop of the in situ foundation.3.2.2 haunch, nthe portion of the pipe cross sectionbetween the maximum horizontal dimension and the top of thebedding.3.2.3 invert, nthe lowest portion of the pipe cross section;also, the bottom portion of the pipe.3.2.4 pipe, na
20、 conduit having a full circular shape, or in ageneral context, all structure shapes covered by this practice.3.2.5 pipe-arch, na pipe shape consisting of an approxi-mate semi-circular top portion, small radius corners, and largeradius invert.3.2.6 arch, na pipe shape that is supported on footingsand
21、 does not have a full metal invert.4. Symbols4.1 The symbols used in this practice have the followingsignificance:A = required wall area, in.2/ft mm2/mm(AL) = maximum highway design axle load, lbf NCl= longitudinal live load distribution factor for pipearchesd = depth of corrugation, in. mmE = modul
22、us of elasticity = 29 by 106lbf/in.2200 by103MPa(EL) = earth load, lbf/ft2kPa(FF) = flexibility factor, in./lbf mm/Nfy= specified minimum yield strengthFor 6 by 2in. 150 by 50mm corrugationType 33 = 33 000 lbf/in.2225 MPaType 38 = 38 000 lbf/in.2260 MPaFor 15 by 512 in. 380 by 140mm and 16 by 6in. 4
23、00 by150mm corrugations = 44 000 lbf/in.2300 MPaFor all other corrugations = 33 000 lbf/in.2225 MPafu= specified minimum tensile strengthFor 6 by 2in. 150 by 50mm corrugationType 33 = 45 000 lbf/in.2310 MPaType 38 = 48 000 lbf/in.2330 MPaFor 15 by 1512 in. 380 by 140mm and16 by 6in. 400 by 150mm cor
24、rugations= 55 000 lbf/in.2380 MPaFor all other corrugations = 45 000 lbf/in.2310 MPafc= critical buckling stress, lbf/in.2MPah = height of cover, in. mm determined as fol-lows: (1) highwaysfrom top of pipe to topof rigid pavement, or to top of subgrade forflexible pavement; (2) railwaystop of pipeto
25、 bottom of tieH = depth of fill above top of pipe, ft mHmin= minimum depth of fill, ft mHmax= maximum depth of fill, ft mI = moment of inertia of corrugated shape, in.4/in. mm4/mm (see Tables 1-34)(IL) = pressure from impact load, lbf/ft2kPak = soil stiffness factor = 0.22 for good side-fillmaterial
26、 compacted to 90 % of standard den-sity based on Test Method D 698L1,L2,L3= loaded lengths, in. mm defined in 18.3(LL) = pressure from live load, lbf/ft2kPaP = total design load or pressure, lbf/ft2kPaPc= corner pressure, lbf/ft2kPaPf= factored crown pressure, lbf/ft2kPar = radius of gyration of cor
27、rugation, in. mm(see Tables 1-34)rc= corner radius of pipe-arch, in. mmRn= nominal resistance for each limit state, lbf/ft kN/mRf= factored resistance for each limit state, lbf/ft kN/mrl= radius at crown, in. mmS = pipe diameter or span, ft ms = pipe diameter or span, in. mm(SF) = safety factor(SS)
28、= required seam strength, lbf/ft kN/mT = thrust in pipe wall, lbf/ft kN/mTf= factored thrust in pipe wall, lbf/ft kN/mw = unit force derived from 1 ft31 m3offillmaterial above the pipe, lbf/ft3kN/m3.When actual fill material is not known, use120 lbf/ft319 kN/m3f = resistance factor5. Basis of Design
29、5.1 The safety factors and other specific quantitative recom-mendations herein represent generally accepted design prac-tice. The design engineer should, however, determine that theserecommendations meet particular project needs.5.2 This practice is not applicable for long-span structuralplate pipe
30、or other multi-radius shapes not described herein.Such structures require additional design considerations forboth the pipe and the soil envelope. In addition to meeting allother design requirements given herein, the maximum diam-eters or spans for structures designed by this practice are asfollows:
31、3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001.4Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402. Publication No. SN-050-007-00149-5.A 796/A 796M 062Sh
32、ape Maximum Diameter or Span, ft mmpipe, arch 26 7920 mmpipe-arch, underpass 21 6400 mm5.3 This practice is not applicable for pipe with a specifiedthickness less than 0.052 in. 1.32 mm for installations underrailways and airport runways.6. Loads6.1 The design load or pressure on a pipe is comprised
33、 ofearth load (EL), live load (LL), and impact load (IL). Theseloads are applied as a fluid pressure acting on the pipeperiphery.6.2 For steel pipe buried in a trench or in an embankment ona yielding foundation, loads are defined as follows:6.2.1 The earth load (EL) is the weight of the column of so
34、ildirectly above the pipe:EL!5Hw (1)6.2.2 Live LoadsThe live load (LL) is that portion of theweight of vehicle, train, or aircraft moving over the pipe that isdistributed through the soil to the pipe.6.2.2.1 Live Loads Under HighwayLive load pressuresfor H20 highway loadings, including impact effect
35、s, are:Height of Cover, ft m Live Load, lbf/ft2kPa1 0.30 1800 86.22 0.61 800 38.33 0.91 600 28.74 1.22 400 19.25 1.52 250 12.06 1.83 200 9.67 2.13 175 8.48 2.44 100 4.8over 8 over 2.44 neglect TABLE 1 Sectional Properties of Corrugated Steel Sheets for Corrugation: 112 by14 in. (Helical)NOTE 1Dimens
36、ions shown in the figure are exact values used in calculating the section properties. Nominal values, for some of these dimensions,are used in other places in this practice.SpecifiedThickness,in.Area of Sec-tion, A, in.2/ftTangentLength,TL, in.TangentAngle,D,Moment ofInertia,l 3 103in.4/in.Radius of
37、Gyration,r, in.0.040A0.456 0.571 21.44 0.253 0.08160.052 0.608 0.566 21.52 0.343 0.08240.064 0.761 0.560 21.61 0.439 0.08320.079 0.950 0.554 21.71 0.566 0.0846AThis thickness should only be used for the inner liner of double-wall type IA pipe, or for temporary pipe. When used for other than temporar
38、y pipe, it should be polymercoated.TABLE 2 Sectional Properties of Corrugated Steel Sheets for Corrugation: 38 by 6.5 mm (Helical) SI UnitsSpecifiedThickness,mmArea ofSection, A,mm2/mmTangentLength,TL, mmTangentAngle,D,Moment ofInertia, l,mm4/mmRadius ofGyration,r, mm1.02A0.965 14.5 21.44 4.15 2.071
39、.32 1.287 14.4 21.52 5.62 2.081.63 1.611 14.2 21.61 7.19 2.112.01 2.011 14.1 21.71 9.28 2.15AThis thickness should only be used for the inner liner of double-wall type IA pipe, or for temporary pipe. When used for other than temporary pipe, it should be polymercoated.A 796/A 796M 063TABLE 3 Sectiona
40、l Properties of Corrugated Steel Sheets for Corrugation: 223 by12 in. (Annular or Helical)NOTE 1Dimensions shown in the figure are exact values used in calculating the section properties. Nominal values, for some of these dimensions,are used in other places in this practice.Specified Thick-ness,in.A
41、rea ofSection, A,in.2/ftTangentLength,TL, in.TangentAngle,D,Moment of Iner-tia,l 3 103in.4/in.Radius ofGyration, r,in.Ultimate Longitudinal Seam Strength of Riveted or Spot WeldedCorrugated Steel Pipe in Pounds per Foot of Seam516-in. Rivets38-in. RivetsSingle Double Single Double0.040A0.465 0.785 2
42、6.56 1.122 0.1702 . . . . . . . . . . . .0.052 0.619 0.778 26.65 1.500 0.1707 . . . . . . . . . . . .0.064 0.775 0.770 26.74 1.892 0.1712 16 700 21 600 . . . . . .0.079 0.968 0.760 26.86 2.392 0.1721 18 200 29 800 . . . . . .0.109 1.356 0.740 27.11 3.425 0.1741 . . . . . . 23 400 46 8000.138 1.744 0
43、.720 27.37 4.533 0.1766 . . . . . . 24 500 49 0000.168 2.133 0.699 27.65 5.725 0.1795 . . . . . . 25 600 51 300AThis thickness should only be used for the inner liner of double-wall type IA pipe, or for temporary pipe. When used for other than temporary pipe, it should be polymercoated.TABLE 4 Secti
44、onal Properties of Corrugated Steel Sheets for Corrugation: 68 by 13 mm (Annular or Helical) SI UnitsSpecifiedThickness,mmArea ofSection, A,mm2/mmTangentLength,TL, mmTangentAngle,D,Moment ofInertia, l,mm4/mmRadius ofGyration, r,mmUltimate Longitudinal Seam Strength of Riveted or Spot WeldedCorrugate
45、d Steel Pipe in kN per m of Seam8-mm Rivets 10-mm RivetsSingle Double Single Double1.02A0.984 19.9 26.56 18.39 4.232 . . . . . . . . . . . .1.32 1.310 19.8 26.65 24.58 4.336 . . . . . . . . . . . .1.63 1.640 19.6 26.74 31.00 4.348 244 315 . . . . . .2.01 2.049 19.3 26.86 39.20 4.371 266 435 . . . .
46、. .2.77 2.870 18.8 27.11 56.13 4.422 . . . . . . 341 6833.51 3.691 18.3 27.37 74.28 4.486 . . . . . . 357 7154.27 4.515 17.8 27.65 93.82 4.559 . . . . . . 374 748AThis thickness should only be used for the inner liner of double-wall type IA pipe, or for temporary pipe. When used for other than tempo
47、rary pipe, it should be polymercoated.A 796/A 796M 0646.2.2.2 Live Loads Under RailwaysLive load pressuresfor E80 railway loadings, including impact effects, are asfollows:TABLE 5 Sectional Properties of Corrugated Steel Sheets for Corrugation: 3 by 1 in. (Annular or Helical)NOTE 1Dimensions shown i
48、n the figure are exact values used in calculating the section properties. Nominal values, for some of these dimensions,are used in other places in this practice.SpecifiedThickness,in.Area ofSection, A,in.2/ftTangentLength,TL, in.TangentAngle,D,Momentof Inertia,l 3 103in.4/in.Radius ofGyration,r, in.
49、Ultimate Longitudinal Seam Strength of Riveted or SpotWelded Corrugated Steel Pipe in Pounds per Foot of Seam38-in. Rivets716-in. RivetsDouble Double0.052 0.711 0.951 44.39 6.892 0.3410 . . . . . .0.064 0.890 0.938 44.60 8.658 0.3417 28 700 . . .0.079 1.113 0.922 44.87 10.883 0.3427 35 700 . . .0.109 1.560 0.889 45.42 15.458 0.3448 . . . 53 0000.138 2.008 0.855 46.02 20.175 0.3472 . . . 63
