1、Designation: A866 14A866 18Standard Specification forMedium Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A866; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers medium carbon bearing quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.1.2 Supplementary
3、 requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not consi
4、dered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical
5、 Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusi
6、on Content of SteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys byVarious Combustion and Fusion Tech
7、niquesE1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:3.1.1 Quantity (weight or pieces),3
8、.1.2 Grade identification,3.1.3 ASTM designation and year of issue,3.1.4 Dimensions, and3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Process:4.1.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of thi
9、sspecification.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.28on Bearing and Power Transmission Steels.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014May 1, 2018. Published November 2014May
10、2018. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 asA866 09.A866 14. DOI: 10.1520/A0866-14.10.1520/A0866-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume inf
11、ormation, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20,ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin deBlandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, htt
12、p:/www.iso.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users co
13、nsult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
14、n, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Chemical Composition and Analysis5.1 Typical examples of chemical composition are shown in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, andTerm
15、inology A751. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for theordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in accordance with Test Methods, Practi
16、ces, and Terminology A751.Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in accordance with Specification A29/A29M.6. Sizes, Shapes, and Dimensional Tolerances6.1 The physical size and shape of the material shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.6.2 Dimensional toleranc
17、es for hot-rolled or hot-rolled and annealed bars, in straight lengths or coils, and cold-finished bars0.500 in. (12.7 mm) and larger in diameter furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements specified in thelatest edition of Specification A29/A29M.6.3 Dimensional tolerances f
18、or cold-finished coils for ball and roller material shall be as shown in Table 2.6.4 Coil tolerances also apply to cold-finished straight lengths under 0.500 in. in diameter.7. Quality Tests7.1 The supplier shall be held responsible for the quality of the material furnished and shall make the necess
19、ary tests to ensurethis quality. The supplier shall be required to report on the results of the micro-inclusion rating tests detailed below. Quality testsshown in 7.2 through 7.3 are based upon procedures established in Test Methods E45.7.2 SamplingSamples taken in accordance with the following para
20、graphs shall be obtained from 4 by 4 in. (102 by 102 mm)rolled billets or forged sections. Tests may be made on smaller or larger sections by agreement with the purchaser. A minimum3 to 1 reduction of rolled billets or forged sections is required for strand cast products.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
21、A,BNumberC Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Mo V Cu (max) O (max)D Al (max). . . 1030 0.28 to 0.34 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1040 0.37 to 0.44 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1050 0.48 to 0.55 0.60 to
22、0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1541 0.36 to 0.44 1.35 to 1.65 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1552 0.47 to 0.55 1.20 to 1.50 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4130 0.28 to 0.33 0.40 to 0.60 0.02
23、5 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4140 0.38 to 0.43 0.75 to 1.00 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4150 0.48 to 0.53 0.75 to 1.00 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 51
24、40 0.38 to 0.43 0.70 to 0.95 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.70 to 0.90 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 5150 0.48 to 0.53 0.70 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.70 to 0.90 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 6150 0.48 to 0.53 0.70 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 . . . 0.15 min 0.30 0.002
25、0 0.050B40 C56E2 0.52 to 0.60 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B41 56Mn4 0.52 to 0.60 0.90 to 1.20 0.025 0.015 0.40 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B43 43CrMo4 0.40 to 0.46 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 to 1.20 0.15 to 0.30 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050T
26、ABLE 1 Chemical CompositionA,BISOC Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Mo V Cu (max) O (max)D Al (max). . . 1030 0.28 to 0.34 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1040 0.37 to 0.44 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 10
27、50 0.48 to 0.55 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1541 0.36 to 0.44 1.35 to 1.65 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 1552 0.47 to 0.55 1.20 to 1.50 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4130 0.28 t
28、o 0.33 0.40 to 0.60 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4140 0.38 to 0.43 0.75 to 1.00 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4150 0.48 to 0.53 0.75 to 1.00 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 0.15 to 0.25 . . . 0
29、.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 5140 0.38 to 0.43 0.70 to 0.95 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.70 to 0.90 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 5150 0.48 to 0.53 0.70 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.70 to 0.90 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 6150 0.48 to 0.53 0.70 to 0.90 0.025 0.025 0.15 to 0.35 0.80 to 1.10 .
30、 . . 0.15 min 0.30 0.0020 0.050ISO C56E2 0.52 to 0.60 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050ISO 56Mn4 0.52 to 0.60 0.90 to 1.20 0.025 0.015 0.40 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050ISO 70Mn4 0.65 to 0.75 0.80 to 1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30 0.002
31、0 0.050ISO 43CrMo4 0.40 to 0.46 0.60 to 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 to 1.20 0.15 to 0.30 . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050A Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchaser.B Intentional additions of calcium or calcium alloys for deoxidation or inclus
32、ion shape control are not permitted unless specifically approved by the purchaser.C Steels B40, B41, and B43 listed as ISO meet the requirements of ISO 683, Part 17, SecondThird Edition, Table 3.D Oxygen content applies to product analysis and shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E101
33、9.A866 1827.2.1 For top poured products, a minimum of six samples representing the top and bottom of the first, middle, and last usableingots shall be examined.7.2.2 For bottom poured products, a minimum of six samples shall be examined and they shall represent the top and bottomof three ingots. One
34、 ingot shall be taken at random from the first usable plate poured, one ingot, at random, from the usable platepoured nearest to the middle of the heat, and one ingot, at random, from the last usable plate poured. When two usable platesconstitute a heat, two of the sample ingots shall be selected fr
35、om the second usable plate poured. Where a single usable plateconstitutes a heat, any three random ingots may be selected. Other methods of sampling shall be as agreed upon by manufacturerand purchaser.7.2.3 For strand cast products, a minimum of six samples representing the first, middle, and last
36、portion of the heat cast shallbe examined. At least one sample shall be taken from each strand.7.3 Inclusion RatingThe specimens shall be 38 by 34 in. (9.5 by 19.1 mm) and shall be taken from an area halfway betweenthe center and outside of the billet. The polished face shall be longitudinal to the
37、direction of rolling. The scale used for rating thespecimens shall be the Jernkontoret chart described in Test Methods E45, Plate I-A. Fields with sizes or numbers of all types ofinclusions intermediate between configurations shown on the chart shall be classified as the lesser of the rating number.
38、 The worstfield of each inclusion type from each specimen shall be recorded as the rating for the specimen. Two thirds of all specimens andat least one from each ingot tested, or from the first, middle, and last portion of the strands tested, as well as the average of allspecimens, shall not exceed
39、the rating specified in Table 3.8. Grain Size8.1 The grain size shall be from 5 to 8 as defined in Test Methods E112 (see Plate 4, Austenitic Grain Size in Steels), withoccasional grains as large as No. 3 permissible. Material not meeting this requirement may be normalized at 1700F(925C)1700 F (925
40、C) or above, and retested.9. Decarburization and Surface Imperfections9.1 Decarburization and surface imperfections shall not exceed the limits specified in Tables 4 and 5. Decarburization shall bemeasured using the microscopical methods described in Test Methods E1077.10. Microstructure and Hardnes
41、s10.1 Material may be ordered as hot rolled or thermally treated. When thermally treated, the acceptance criteria formicrostructure and hardness shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. No hardness limits shall apply foras-hot-rolled materials.11. Inspection11.1 The manufactu
42、rer shall afford the purchasers inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the materialis being produced and furnished in accordance with this specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not interfereunnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. All tests and insp
43、ections shall be made at the place of manufacture, unlessotherwise agreed to.12. Certification and Reports12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers certification that the material was manufacturedand tested in accordance with this specification, together with a rep
44、ort of the test results, shall be furnished at the time of shipment.Special requirements agreed to at the time of purchase must be noted on the certification.TABLE 2 Dimensional Tolerances for Cold-Finished CoilsSize, in. (mm) Total Tolerance, in. (mm)Through 0.096 (2.44) 0.002 (0.05)Over 0.096 (2.4
45、4) to 0.270 (6.86), incl 0.003 (0.08)Over 0.270 (6.86) to 0.750 (19.1), incl 0.004 (0.10)TABLE 3 Inclusion RatingRating UnitsThin Series Heavy SeriesA 2.5 A 1.5B 2.0 B 1.0C 0.5 C 0.5D 1.0 D 1.0A866 183SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the supplementary requirements described below apply when
46、included in thepurchasers order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have the sameforce as if it were in the body of the specification. Supplementary requirements details not fullydescribed shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, but shall not negate
47、any of therequirements in the body of the specification.S1. Titanium ContentS1.1 The purchaser may specify that the analysis of titanium be provided by agreement with the steel manufacturer.S2. Residual ElementsS2.1 The purchaser may specify that the analysis of titanium, aluminum, and/or oxygen (Te
48、st Methods E1019) be provided byagreement with the steel manufacturer. The number and location of samples shall be by agreement between the purchaser and themanufacturer.S3. “SAM“SAM” Inclusion Rating SystemS3.1 The purchaser may specify that the “SAM inclusion rating described in Method E of Test M
49、ethods E45, be used inaddition to the micro-inclusion rating method described in 7.3.S3.2 SamplingSee 7.2.S3.3 LimitsThe “SAM rating for B-type inclusions shall not exceed fifteen. The “SAM rating for D-type inclusions shallnot exceed ten.S4. Magnetic Particle MethodS4.1 The purchaser may specify that the magnetic particle method described below be used in addition to the microinclusionrating system described in 7.3. The magnetic particle method measures bearing steel cleanliness by evaluating the total length ofmacro-inclusions for a stated area or per
