1、Designation: A872/A872M 07a (Reapproved 2012)A872/A872M 14Standard Specification forCentrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe forCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A872/A872M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yea
2、rof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers centrifugally cast ferritic/
3、austenitic steel pipe intended for general corrosive service. These steelsare susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound un
4、its or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be usedindependently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance wi
5、th the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and PersonnelA781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirem
6、ents, for General Industrial UseA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel PipeE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination
7、for General IndustryE186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in. (50.8 to 114-mm) Steel CastingsE280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12-in. (114 to 305-mm) Steel CastingsE340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to
8、 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications32.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Adjunct E186 Reference RadiographsTransparencies in Ringbinders, 3 Volumes4Adjunct E280 Reference RadiographsTransparencies in Ringbinders, 2 Volumes5Adjunct E446 Reference Radio
9、graphsTransparencies in Ringbinders, 3 Volumes63. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately.3.1.1 Quantity (feet metres or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast ferri
10、tic/austenitic steel pipe),1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18on Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2012May 1, 2014. Published April 2012June 2014. Originally ap
11、proved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 asA872/A872M 07a.A872/A872M 07a (2012). DOI: 10.1520/A0872_A0872M-07AR12.10.1520/A0872_A0872M-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
12、 Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME International), Three (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY10016-5990.10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.4 Availab
13、le from ASTM International Headquarters. Request RRE018601 for Vol I, RRE018602 for Vol II, and RRE018603 for Vol III.5 Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request for RRE028001 Vol I and RRE028002 for Vol II.6 Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request for RRE044601 Vol I,
14、RRE044602 for Vol II, and RRE044603 for Vol III.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurate
15、ly, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dri
16、ve, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.3 Grade (Table 1),3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall thickness in inches millimetres),3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/A999M),3.1.6 End finish of Specification A999/A999M,3.1.7 Optional Requ
17、irements (S1 through S6),3.1.8 Test report required (Section 12), and3.1.9 Special requirements or additions to the specification.4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M, unl
18、ess otherwise provided herein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Manufacture:5.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the centrifugal casting process.5.1.2 All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition as shown in Table 2.5.1.3 MachiningThe pipe shall be machined on the inner surface and may be sup
19、plied either machined or unmachined in theouter surface. All machining shall be to a roughness value agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elementsspecified
20、 in Table 1. The analysis shall be made on a test sample taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.6.2 Product AnalysisA product analysis may be made by the purchaser. The sample for analysis shall
21、be selected so as to bethoroughly representative of the pipe being analyzed. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.3 To determine conformance with the chemical analysis requirements, an observed value or calculated value shall be roundedin a
22、ccordance with Practice E29 to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of values listed in Table 1.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550 UNS J94300CD4MCuMNC 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Mn 2.0 max 2.0 max 0.501.50P 0.040 max 0.040 max 0.04S 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.04Si 2.0 ma
23、x 2.0 max 1.10 maxNi 4.006.00 5.008.00 4.56.0Cr 20.023.0 23.026.0 24.526.5Mo 2.004.00 2.004.00 2.54.0N 0.080.25 0.080.25 0.180.26Cu 1.00 max 1.00 max 1.33.0Co 0.501.50 0.501.50 .TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAElementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550 UNS J94300CD4MCuMNC 0.030 0.030 0.04Mn 2.0 2.0 0.501.50P 0
24、.040 0.040 0.04S 0.030 0.030 0.04Si 2.0 2.0 1.10Ni 4.006.00 5.008.00 4.56.0Cr 20.023.0 23.026.0 24.526.5Mo 2.004.00 2.004.00 2.54.0N 0.080.25 0.080.25 0.180.26Cu 1.00 1.00 1.33.0Co 0.501.50 0.501.50 .A Values are maximums unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses () appear in this table
25、 there is no requirement, and the element need not be analyzedor reported.A872/A872M 1427. Tensile Requirements7.1 TestingSteel used for the castings shall conform to the tensile and hardness requirements specified in Table 3.7.2 Test Specimens:7.2.1 Test bars shall be taken from heat-treated castin
26、gs.7.2.2 Tension test specimens shall be machined to the form and dimensions shown in Figs. 5 or 6 of Test Methods andDefinitions the standard round 2-in50-mm gage length specimen. A370.7.3 Number of Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat.7.3.2 If a specimen is machined improperly
27、 or flaws are revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen may be discardedand another substituted from the same heat.7.4 RetestsIf the results of the mechanical test for any heat do not conform to the requirements specified, the casting may bereheat treated and retested, but this may not b
28、e solution treated more than twice.8. Quality8.1 The surface of the casting shall be examined visually and shall be free of cracks and hot tears. Other surface defects shallbe judged in accordance with visual acceptance criteria that may be specified in the order.9. Rework and Retreatment9.1 Defects
29、 as defined in Section 9 shall be removed and their removal verified by visual inspection of the resultant cavities.Defects that are located by inspection using Supplementary Requirement S4, S5, or S6 shall be removed or reduced to anacceptable size.TABLE 2 Heat Treatment RequirementsGradeConditionT
30、emperature,F C QuenchingUNS J93183 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J93183 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J93550 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansUNS J93550 19202100 10501150 Water quench or rapidcooling by
31、 other meansUNS J94300CD4MCuMN1900 minimum Water quench or rapidcooling by other meansTABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsRequirementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550 UNS J94300CD4MCuMNTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 90 620 90 620 110 760Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 65 450 65 450 70 480Elongation in 2
32、in. or 50 mm, min,%25 20 20Hardness, max:Brinell 290 297 .Rockwell C 30.5 31.5 .TABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsARequirementGradeUNS J93183 UNS J93550 UNS J94300CD4MCuMNTensile strength, min, ksi MPa 90 620 90 620 110 760Yield strength, min, ksi MPa 65 450 65 450 70 480Elongation in 2 in. o
33、r 50 mm, min,%25 20 20Hardness, max:Brinell 290 297 .Rockwell C 30.5 31.5 .AWhere ellipses () appear in this table there is no requirement, and the property need not be determined or reported.A872/A872M 1439.2 If removal of the defect does not infringe upon the minimum wall thickness, the depression
34、 shall be blended uniformly intothe surrounding surface.9.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringes upon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permitted subject tothe purchasers approval. The composition of the weld rod used shall be suitable for the composition of the metal being
35、 welded.9.3.1 Practice A488/A488M or ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX shall be used as a guide for welder andprocedure qualification and shall be by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.All repair welds shall be inspectedto the same quality standard used to inspect th
36、e casting.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 ThicknessThe wall thickness shall not vary over that specified by more than 18 in. 3 mm. There shall be no variationunder the specified wall thickness.11. Rejection11.1 Each length of pipe received from the manufacturer may be inspected by the p
37、urchaser and if it does not meet therequirements of the specification based on the inspection and test method as outlined in the specification, the pipe may be rejectedand the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition of rejected pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer andthe
38、purchaser.12. Certification12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers certification that the material was manufacturedsampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification, together with a report of the test results, shall be furnishedat the time of s
39、hipment.13. Product Marking13.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with the manufacturers name or brand, the specification number, and thegrade. In addition, heat numbers or special numbers that are traceable to heat numbers, shall be marked on each length of pipe.14. Keywords14.1 casting;
40、centrifugal casting; corrosive service; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel; pipeSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Thesp
41、ecified tests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.S1. Additional Tension TestsS1.1 Additional tension tests shall be made at a temperature to be specified by the customer, and the properties to be met area matter of agreement between purchaser and manufacturer.S2
42、. Flattening TestS2.1 The flattening test shall be made on specimens from one or both ends of each length of pipe. If the specimen from anyend of any length fails to conform to the requirements of Specification A999/A999M, that length shall be rejected.S3. Etching TestS3.1 The steel shall be homogen
43、eous as shown by etching tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions ofMethod E of Test Method E340. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shallshow sound and reasonably uniform material, free of injurious laminations, cracks, and s
44、imilar objectionable defects. If thissupplementary requirement is specified, the number of required tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen from any lengthA872/A872M 144shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end and subsequent ret
45、ests indicatingthe remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform material.S4. Radiographic ExaminationS4.1 The castings shall be examined for internal defects by means of X rays or gamma rays. The inspection procedure shall bein accordance with Guide E94 and the types and degrees of dis
46、continuities considered shall be judged by Reference RadiographsE186, E280, or E446. The extent of examination and the basis for acceptance shall be subject to agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.S5. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5.1 The castings shall be examined for surface disconti
47、nuities by means of liquid penetrant inspection. The method ofperforming the liquid penetrant test shall be in accordance with Test Method E165. The areas to be inspected, the methods, andtypes of liquid penetrants to be used, the developing procedure, and the basis for acceptance shall be as specif
48、ied on the inquiryor contract or both, or as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.S6. Hydrostatic TestS6.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested in accordance with Specification A999/A999M. Test pressure may bemutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purc
49、haser.S6.2 It is realized that the foundry may be unable to perform the hydrostatic test prior to shipment, or that the purchaser maywish to defer testing until additional work has been performed on the casting. In such cases, the foundry is responsible for thesatisfactory performance of the casting when it is so tested.S7. Charpy Impact TestS7.1 The Charpy Impact Test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Specification A781/A781M. Theproperti
