1、Designation: A 890/A 890M 99 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Specification forCastings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for GeneralApplication1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 890/A 890M; the number immediately following the designatio
2、n indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a group o
3、f cast duplex stainlesssteels (austenitic/ferritic).1.2 The duplex stainless steel alloys offer a combination ofenhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance whenproperly balanced in composition and properly heat treated.Ferrite levels are not specified, but these alloys will develop arang
4、e of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balanceaustenite.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or metric(SI) units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within thetext the metric (SI) units are shown in brackets. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; there
5、fore, eachsystem must be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products2A 732/A732M Specification for Casting
6、s, Investment, Car-bon and Low-Alloy Steel for General Application, andCobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures3A 781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use3E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine C
7、onformance With Specifications4E 562 Practice for Determining Volume Fraction by Sys-tematic Manual Point Count5E 1245 Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic ImageAnalysis53. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specification
8、shall include thefollowing, as required, to describe the material adequately:3.1.1 Description of casting by pattern or drawing number(dimensional tolerance shall be included on the casting draw-ing),3.1.2 Specification designation and grade including year ofissue,3.1.3 Options in the specification
9、(See 9.1), and3.1.4 Supplementary requirements desired, including thestandards of acceptance.4. Process4.1 The steel shall be made by the electric furnace processwith or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD).5. Heat Treatment5.1 Castings shall be heat treated in accord
10、ance with therequirements in Table 1.NOTE 1Proper heat treatment of these alloys is usually necessary toenhance corrosion resistance and in some cases to meet mechanical1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct
11、responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 890/A 890M 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.4Annual Book of AS
12、TM Standards, Vol 14.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.TABLE 1 Heat Treatment RequirementsGrade Heat Treatment1A, 1B, 1C Heat to 1900F 1040C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means.2A Heat to 2050F 1120C minimu
13、m, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means.3A Heat to 1950F 1070C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means.4A Heat to 2050F 1120C minimum for sufficient
14、 time to heatcasting uniformly to temperature and water quench, or thecasting may be furnace cooled to 1850F 1010C minimum,hold for 15 min minimum and then water quench. A rapid coolby other means may be employed in lieu of water quench.5A Heat to 2050F 1120C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat
15、 casting to temperature, furnace cool to 1910F 1045Cminimum, quench in water or rapid cool by other means.6A Heat to 2010F 1100C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or coolrapidly by other means.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dri
16、ve, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.properties. Minimum heat-treat temperatures are specified; however, it issometimes necessary to heat-treat at higher temperatures, hold for someminimum time at temperature and then rapidly cool the castings in orderto enhance the corro
17、sion resistance and meet mechanical properties.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 2.7. General Requirements7.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M, in
18、cludingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepurchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-ments of Specification A 781/A 781M constitutes nonconfor-mance with this specification. In case of conflict between therequirements of this specification and Specification A 781
19、/A 781M, this specification shall prevail.8. Repair by Welding8.1 The composition of the deposited weld metal may besimilar to that of the casting or may be suitably alloyed toachieve the desired corrosion resistance and mechanical prop-erties.8.2 Weld repairs shall be subject to the same qualitysta
20、ndards as are used to inspect the castings.8.3 When post weld/heat treatment is believed necessary foradequate corrosion resistance or impact resistance, Sup-plementary Requirement S33 Post Weld/Heat Treatment shallbe included in the purchase order.9. Product Marking9.1 Castings shall be marked for
21、material identification withthe specification designation and grade. In addition, the manu-facturers name or identification mark and the pattern numbershall be cast or stamped using low-stress stamps on allcastings. Small-size castings may be such that marking must belimited consistent with the avai
22、lable area. The marking of heatnumbers on individual castings shall be agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. Marking shall be in suchposition as not to injure the usefulness of the casting.10. Keywords10.1 austenite; duplex stainless steel; ferrite; stainless steel;steel castingsA 8
23、90/A 890M 99 (2003)2SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. Alist of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inSpecification A 781/A 781M. Those that are ordinarily c
24、onsidered suitable for use with thisspecification are listed below by title only. Others enumerated in Specification A 781/A 781M may beused with this specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.S2. Radiographic ExaminationS3. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5. Examination of We
25、ld PreparationS6. CertificationS7. Prior Approval of Major Weld RepairsS9. Charpy Impact TestS10. Hardness TestS12. Test ReportS13. Unspecified ElementsS31. Estimating Ferrite ContentS31.1 Ferrite contents shall be determined by point count(Practice E 562), by other quantitative metallographic metho
26、dssuch as image analysis (Practice E 1245), by measurement ofmagnetic response, or by other methods upon agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser. Frequency oftesting and location of tests shall be by agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.S32. Tensile RequirementsS32.1 One t
27、ensile test shall be made from each heat andshall conform to the tensile requirements specified in TableS32.1. Test bars shall be poured in special blocks from thesame heat as the castings represented. (See S32.4.)S32.2 The bar from which the test specimen is removedshall be heat-treated in producti
28、on furnaces to the sameprocedure as the castings it represents.S32.3 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings,at the producers option, instead of from test bars.S32.4 Test coupons may be cast integrally or as separatecast blocks in accordance with Figs. 1 and 2 of SpecificationA 781/A 78
29、1M. Tension coupons shall be machined to theform and dimensions of Fig. 4 of Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370, except when investment castings are ordered. Wheninvestment castings are ordered, the manufacturer may prepareTABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsGrade 1A 1B 1CA2AType 25Cr-5Ni-Mo-Cu 25Cr-5Ni-M0-
30、Cu-N 25Cr-6Ni-Mo-Cu-N 24Cr-10Ni-Mo-NUNS J93370 J93372 J93373 J93345ACI CD4MCu CD4MCuN CD3MCuN CE8MNComposition:Carbon, max 0.04 0.04 0.030 0.08Manganese, max 1.00 1.0 1.20 1.00Silicon, max 1.00 1.0 1.10 1.50Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.04 0.030 0.04Sulfur, max 0.040 0.04 0.030 0.04Chromium 24.526.5 24.52
31、6.5 24.0-26.7 22.525.5Nickel 4.756.00 4.76.0 5.6-6.7 8.011.0Molybdenum 1.752.25 1.72.3 2.9-3.8 3.04.5Copper 2.753.25 2.73.3 1.40-1.90 . . .Tungsten . . . . . . . . . . . .Nitrogen 0.100.25 0.22-0.33 0.100.30Grade 3A 4A 5AA6AAType 25Cr-5Ni-Mo-N 22Cr-5Ni-Mo-N 25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N 25Cr-7Ni-Mo-NUNS J93371 J922
32、05 J93404 J93380ACI CD6MN CD3MN CE3MN CD3MWCuNComposition:Carbon, max 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.03Manganese, max 1.00 1.50 1.50 1.00Silicon, max 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.04 0.04 0.030Sulfur, max 0.040 0.020 0.04 0.025Chromium 24.027.0 21.023.5 24.026.0 24.026.0Nickel 4.06.0 4.56.5 6.08.0 6.
33、58.5Molybdenum 1.752.5 2.53.5 4.05.0 3.04.0Copper . . . 1.00, max . . . 0.51.0Tungsten . . . . . . . . . 0.51.0Nitrogen 0.150.25 0.100.30 0.100.30 0.200.30A%Cr+3.3%Mo+16%N$ 40.A 890/A 890M 99 (2003)3test specimens in accordance with S3.2 of Specification A 732/A 732M. Testing shall be in accordance
34、with Test Methods andDefinitions A 370.S32.5 If any specimen shows defective machining or devel-ops flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from thesame heat.S32.6 To determine conformance with the tension testrequirements, an observed value or calculated value shall berounded off in acco
35、rdance with Practice E 29 to the nearest 500psi 5 MPa for yield and tensile strength and to the nearest 1 %for elongation and reduction of area.S33. Post Weld/Heat TreatmentS33.1 Castings shall be heat-treated after major weld re-pairs, but heat treatment after minor weld repairs is notrequired exce
36、pt upon agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser.S33.2 Weld repairs shall be considered major in the case ofa casting that has leaked on hydrostatic testing or when thedepth of the cavity after preparation for repair exceeds 20 % ofthe actual wall thickness, or 1 in. 25 mm, whichever issm
37、aller, or when the extent of the cavity exceeds approxi-mately 10 in.265 cm2. All other weld repairs shall beconsidered minor.S33.3 Post weld heat treatment shall be in accordance withTable 1.S34. Prior Approval of Weld MaterialS34.1 The purchaser must give approval of all weld fillermaterials to be
38、 used prior to any weld repairs.S35. Heat Treatment of Test MaterialS35.1 Test material for each heat shall be heat-treated withthe castings it represents.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard.
39、 Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed e
40、very five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible tec
41、hnical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
42、cken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE S32.1 Tensile Requir
43、ementsGradeType1A25Cr-5Ni-Mo-Cu2A24Cr-10Ni-Mo-N3A25Cr-5Ni-Mo-N4A22Cr-5Ni-Mo-NTensile strength, ksi MPa, min 100 690 95 655 95 655 90 620Yield strength (0.2 % offset), ksiMPa, min70 485 65 450 65 450 60 415Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, %,minA16 25 25 25GradeType5A25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N6A25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N1B25Cr-5Ni-M
44、o-Cu-N1C25Cr-6Ni-Mo-Cu-NTensile strength, ksi MPa, min 100 690 100 690 100 690 100 690Yield strength (0.2 % offset), ksiMPa, min75 515 65 450 70 485 65 450Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, %,minA18 25 16 25AWhen ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this specification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4:1.A 890/A 890M 99 (2003)4
