1、Designation: A890/A890M 18aStandard Specification forCastings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for GeneralApplication1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A890/A890M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearo
2、f original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers a group of cast duplex stainle
3、sssteels (austenitic/ferritic).1.2 The duplex stainless steel alloys offer a combination ofenhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance whenproperly balanced in composition and properly heat treated.Ferrite levels are not specified, but these alloys will develop arange of approximately 30
4、 to 60 % ferrite with the balanceaustenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determinewhich grade shall be furnished depending on design andservice conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.NOTE 1Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittlingp
5、hases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended forservice at temperatures above 600 F 315 C.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem
6、 shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
7、ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and A
8、lloy,Common Requirements, for General Industrial UseA957/A957M Specification for Investment Castings, Steeland Alloy, Common Requirements, for General IndustrialUseE562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction bySystematic Manual Point CountE1245 Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-P
9、hase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic ImageAnalysis3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing, as required, to describe the material adequately:3.1.1 Description of casting by pattern or drawing number(dimensional tolerance shall be incl
10、uded on the castingdrawing),3.1.2 Specification designation and grade, including year ofissue,3.1.3 Options in the specification (see 9.1), and3.1.4 Supplementary requirements desired, including thestandards of acceptance.4. Process4.1 The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process,with or
11、without separate refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD).5. Heat Treatment5.1 Castings shall be heat treated in accordance with therequirements in Table 1.NOTE 2Proper heat treatment of these alloys is usually necessary toenhance corrosion resistance and, in some cases, to meet mechanica
12、lproperties. Minimum heat-treat temperatures are specified; however, it is1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Publish
13、ed October 2018. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A890/A890M 18.DOI: 10.1520/A0890_A0890M-18A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informa
14、tion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accorda
15、nce with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1sometimes necessary to heat treat
16、at higher temperatures, hold for someminimum time at temperature, and then rapidly cool the castings in orderto enhance the corrosion resistance and meet mechanical properties.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 2.7. Ge
17、neral Requirements7.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A781/A781M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the general requirements ofSpecification A781/A781M constitutes nonconf
18、ormance withthis specification. In case of conflict between the requirementsof this specification and Specification A781/A781M, thisspecification shall prevail.7.2 Steel investment castings furnished to this specificationshall conform to the requirements of Specification A957/A957M, including any su
19、pplementary requirements that areindicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with thegeneral requirements of Specification A957/A957M consti-tutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of con-flict between the requirements of this specification and Speci-fication A957/A957M, Specifi
20、cation A957/A957M shallprevail.8. Repair by Welding8.1 The composition of the deposited weld metal may besimilar to that of the casting, or may be suitably alloyed toachieve the desired corrosion resistance and mechanical prop-erties.8.2 Weld repairs shall be subject to the same qualitystandards as
21、are used to inspect the castings.8.3 When post-weld heat treatment is believed necessary foradequate corrosion resistance or impact resistance, Supplemen-tary Requirement S33, Post-Weld Heat Treatment, shall beincluded in the purchase order.9. Product Marking9.1 Castings shall be marked for material
22、 identification withthe specification designation and grade. In addition, the manu-facturers name or identification mark and the pattern numbershall be cast or stamped using low-stress stamps on allcastings. Small-size castings may be such that marking must belimited, consistent with the available a
23、rea. The marking of heatnumbers on individual castings shall be agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. Marking shall be in suchposition as not to injure the usefulness of the casting.10. Keywords10.1 austenite; duplex stainless steel; ferrite; stainless steel;steel castingsTABLE 1 He
24、at Treatment RequirementsGrade Heat Treatment1B, 1C Heat to 1900 F 1040 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means.2A Heat to 2050 F 1120 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench
25、in water or rapidcool by other means.3A Heat to 1950 F 1070 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means.4A Heat to 2050 F 1120 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, and water quench, o
26、r thecasting may be furnace cooled to a temperature no lower than1850 F 1010 C, hold for 15 min minimum and then waterquench. A rapid cool by other means may be employed in lieu ofwater quench.5A Heat to 2050 F 1120 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting to temperature, furnace cool to a
27、 temperature nolower than 1910 F 1045 C, then quench in water or rapid coolby other means.6A Heat to 2010 F 1100 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapidcool by other means, or the casting may be furnace cooled to atemperature no lower tha
28、n 1925 F 1050 C, hold for 15 minminimum and then quench in water or rapid cool by othermeans.7A Heat to 2065 F 1130 C minimum, hold for sufficient time toheat casting to temperature, furnace cool to a temperature nolower than 1940 F 1060 C, then quench in water or rapid coolby other means.A890/A890M
29、 18a2TABLE2ChemicalRequirementsA,BMaterialGradeTypeUNSElement,%CarbonManganesePhosphorusSulfurSiliconChromiumNickelMolybdenumNitrogenCopperTungstenOtherCD4MCuN(1B)C25Cr-5Ni-Mo-Cu-NJ933720.041.00.040.041.024.526.54.76.01.72.30.100.252.73.3.CD3MCuN(1C)D25Cr-6Ni-Mo-Cu-NJ933730.0301.200.0300.0301.1024.0
30、26.75.66.72.93.80.220.331.401.90.CE8MN(2A)24Cr-10Ni-Mo-NJ933450.081.000.040.041.5022.525.58.011.03.04.50.100.30.CD6MN(3A)25Cr-5Ni-Mo-NJ933710.061.000.0400.0401.0024.027.04.06.01.752.50.150.25.CD3MN(4A)22Cr-5Ni-Mo-NJ922050.031.500.040.0201.0021.023.54.56.52.53.50.100.301.00.CE3MN(5A)D25Cr-7Ni-Mo-NJ93
31、4040.031.500.040.041.0024.026.06.08.04.05.00.100.30.CD3MWCuN(6A)E25Cr-7Ni-Mo-NJ933800.031.000.0300.0251.0024.026.06.58.53.04.00.200.300.51.00.51.0.CD3MWN(7A)F27Cr-7Ni-Mo-W-NJ933790.0301.003.000.0300.0201.0026.028.06.08.02.03.50.300.401.003.04.0B:0.00100.0100Ba:0.00020.0100Ce+La:0.0050.030AAllvaluesa
32、remaximums,exceptwherearangeisprovided.BWhereellipses()appearinthistable,thereisnorequirement,andtheelementneednotbeanalyzedfororreported.CCD4MCuhasbeenremovedfromthisstandard.CD4MCuNisanacceptablesubstituteforCD4MCu.D%Cr+3.3%Mo+16%N$40.E%Cr+3.3(%Mo+(0.5%W)+16%N$40.F%Cr+3.3(%Mo+(0.5%W)+16%N$45.A890/
33、A890M 18a3SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. Alist of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included inSpecifications A781/A781M and A957/A957M. Those that are ordinari
34、ly considered suitable for usewith this specification are listed below by title only. Others enumerated in Specifications A781/A781M and A957/A957M may be used with this specification upon agreement between themanufacturer and purchaser.S2. Radiographic ExaminationS3. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS5.
35、 Examination of Weld PreparationS6. CertificationS7. Prior Approval of Major Weld RepairsS9. Charpy Impact TestS10. Hardness TestS12. Test ReportS13. Unspecified ElementsS31. Estimating Ferrite ContentS31.1 Ferrite contents shall be determined by point count(Test Method E562), by other quantitative
36、metallographicmethods such as image analysis (Practice E1245), by measure-ment of magnetic response, or by other methods upon agree-ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Frequencyof testing and location of tests shall be by agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.S32. Tensile
37、RequirementsS32.1 One tensile test shall be made from each heat andshall conform to the tensile requirements specified in TableS32.1. Test bars shall be poured in special blocks from thesame heat as the castings represented. (See S32.4.)S32.2 Test specimens may be cut from heat-treated castings,at t
38、he producers option, instead of from test bars.S32.3 Test coupons may be cast integrally or as separatelycast blocks in accordance with Specification A781/A781M.Tension coupons shall be machined to the form and dimensionsof the standard round 2-in. 50-mm gage length specimen.When investment castings
39、 are ordered, the manufacturer shallprepare and test specimens in accordance with SpecificationA957/A957M.S33. Post-Weld Heat TreatmentS33.1 Castings shall be heat treated after major weldrepairs, but heat treatment after minor weld repairs is notrequired except upon agreement between the manufactur
40、er andthe purchaser.S33.2 Weld repairs shall be considered major in the case ofa casting that has leaked on hydrostatic testing or when thedepth of the cavity after preparation for repair exceeds 20 % ofthe actual wall thickness, or 1 in. 25 mm, whichever issmaller, or when the extent of the cavity
41、exceeds approxi-mately 10 in.265 cm2. All other weld repairs shall beconsidered minor.S33.3 Post-weld heat treatment shall be in accordance withTable 1.S34. Prior Approval of Weld MaterialS34.1 The purchaser must give approval of all weld fillermaterials to be used prior to any weld repairs.TABLE S3
42、2.1 Tensile RequirementsGradeType2A24Cr-10Ni-Mo-N3A25Cr-5Ni-Mo-N4A22Cr-5Ni-Mo-NTensile strength, ksi MPa, min 95 655 95 655 90 620Yield strength (0.2 % offset), ksiMPa, min65 450 65 450 60 415Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, %,minA25 25 25GradeType5A25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N6A25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N7A27Cr-7Ni-Mo-W-N1B25Cr-5Ni-
43、Mo-Cu-N1C25Cr-6Ni-Mo-Cu-NTensile strength, ksi MPa, min 100 690 100 690 100,000 690 100 690 100 690Yield strength (0.2 % offset), ksiMPa, min75 515 65 450 75,000 515 70 485 65 450Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, %,minA18 25 20 16 25AWhen ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this sp
44、ecification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4:1.A890/A890M 18a4S35. Heat Treatment of Test MaterialS35.1 Test material for each heat shall be heat treated withthe castings it represents.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to thi
45、s standard since the last issue(A890/A890M 18) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sep. 1, 2018.)(1) Updated wording for grade 6Ain Table 1 to allow an optionfor a drop in temperature before the rapid cool.Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard
46、 since the last issue(A890/A890M 13) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2018.)(1) Updated wording in Table 1 to ensure consistency andclarity.(2) Removed references to Test Methods and Definitions A370and Practice E29.(3) Added reference to Specification A957/A957M and re-mov
47、ed references to Specification A732/A732M.(4) Updated Table 2 formatting, added notes about ellipses,updated footnote E for CD3MWCuN (Grade 6A) to includetungsten.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this s
48、tandard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be re
49、viewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have no
