1、Designation: A952/A952M 02 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forForged Grade 80 and Grade 100 Steel Lifting Componentsand Welded Attachment Links1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A952/A952M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for forgedalloy steel lifting
3、components and welded coupling and masterlinks for Grade 80 and Grade 100 alloy chain slings asdescribed in Specification A906/A906M.1.2 Two grades of components and welded links are cov-ered:1.2.1 Grade 80.1.2.2 Grade 100.1.3 This specification is a performance standard. Otherstandards apply to use
4、 of these products. Some of thesestandards are: OSHA 1910.184, ASME B30.9, and AS-ME B30.10.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents;
5、therefore, each system shall be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA391/A391
6、M Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel ChainA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA906/A906M Specification for Grade 80 and Grade 100Alloy Steel Chain Slings for Overhead LiftingA973/A973M Specification for Grade 100 Alloy SteelChainE4 Practices for
7、Force Verification of Testing MachinesE44 Definitions of Terms Relating to Heat Treatment ofMetals3E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for GeneralIndustryE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing2.2 Other Standards:OSHA 1910.184 Slings4ASME B30.9 Slings5ASME B30.10 Hooks53. Terminology3.1
8、Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 breaking force, minimumthe minimum force inpounds or newtons at which the component has been found byverification testing to break when a constantly increasing forcewas applied in direct tension. This test is a manufacturersdesign verification tes
9、t and shall not be used as criteria forservice.3.1.2 chain slingan assembly consisting of alloy steelchain joined to upper and lower end components for attachingloads to be lifted by a crane or lifting machine.3.1.3 coupling linka link fitted to the end of the chain toconnect to another component of
10、 the sling. See Fig. 1.3.1.4 master linka link used as an upper end componentof a chain sling and by means of which the sling may beattached to a crane or other device. See Fig. 1.3.1.5 master coupling link (secondary or intermediatelink)a link used on three and four leg slings to connect thelegs to
11、 a master link. See Fig. 1.3.1.6 proof testa quality control tensile test applied tocomponents for the purpose of verifying manufacturing andmaterial quality. It is the minimum force in pounds or newtonswhich the component has withstood at the time it left the1This specification is under the jurisdi
12、ction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.27 on Steel Chain.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A952/A952M 02.DOI: 10.1520/A
13、0952_A0952M-02R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of th
14、is historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave
15、., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.FIG. 1 General Component ConfigurationA952/A952M 02 (2010)2FIG. 1 General Component Configuration (continued)A952/A952M 02 (2010)3producer
16、, under a test in which a constantly increasing forcehas been applied in direct tension. Proof test loads are amanufacturing integrity test and shall not be used as criteria forservice.3.1.7 traceability codea series of letters, or numbers, orboth, marked on a component which enables its manufacturi
17、nghistory, including identity of the steel heat, to be traced.3.1.8 working load limit (WLL)the maximum combinedstatic and dynamic load in pounds or kilograms that shall beapplied in direct tension to the component.4. Classification4.1 Only Grade 80 and Grade 100 components are coveredunder this spe
18、cification.4.2 Sixteen classes of components are covered under thisspecification. The general configuration on these componentsare shown in Fig. 1.4.2.1 Class EGHEye Grab Hook.4.2.2 Class CGHClevis Grab Hook.4.2.3 Class ESHEye Sling Hook.4.2.4 Class CSHClevis Sling Hook.4.2.5 Class EFHEye Foundry Ho
19、ok.4.2.6 Class CFHClevis Foundry Hook.4.2.7 Class CLMCoupling Link, Mechanical.4.2.8 Class ESLHEye Self-Locking Hook.4.2.9 Class CSLHClevis Self-Locking Hook.4.2.10 Class ECGHEye Claw Grab Hook.4.2.11 Class CCGHClevis Claw Grab Hook.4.2.12 Class MLMaster Link.4.2.13 Class MCLMaster Coupling Link.4.2
20、.14 Class CLCoupling Link.4.2.15 Class CCLClevis Coupling Link.4.2.16 Class OTHSpecialty components may be requiredfor certain applications.4.3 For the classes listed in 4.2, an “S” prefix denotes acomponent with a swivel joint.5. Ordering Information5.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchas
21、er to specifyall requirements that are necessary for material ordered underthis specification. Such requirements to be considered include,but are not limited to, the following:5.1.1 Product to conform to Specification A952 or Specifi-cation A952M and year of issue.5.1.2 Nominal size of component, in
22、. mm (see Note 1).5.1.3 Grade of component.5.1.4 Class of component.5.1.5 Quantity of components.5.1.6 Finish, if required.5.1.7 Certification, if required.5.1.8 Acceptance of inspection by purchaser, if required.5.1.9 Supplementary requirements, if required.NOTE 1Component size and working load lim
23、its are based on Grade80 and Grade 100 alloy steel chain nominal sizes. See SpecificationA391/A391M and A973/A973M.6. Materials6.1 QualityThe selection of the type of steel is left to thejudgment of the manufacturer provided the material meets therequirements set forth in 6.2 and 6.3.6.2 Melting Pro
24、cessThe steel used shall be produced byan electric process or by an oxygen blown process. The steelshall be fully killed and have an austenitic grain size of 5 orfiner.6.3 Chemical Requirements:6.3.1 The alloy steel used shall contain at least two of thethree alloying agents in the minimum percentag
25、es as listedbelow:Nickel 0.40 % minimumChromium 0.40 % minimumMolybdenum 0.15 % minimum6.3.2 The phosphorous and sulfur content of the steel shallnot exceed 0.025 % for each element.6.3.3 Product AnalysisThe steel used may be analyzed bythe purchaser and shall conform to the requirements of 6.3.1and
26、 6.3.2 subject to the product analysis tolerances specified inSpecification A29/A29M. Test samples may be taken fromrods, bars, or finished product.6.3.4 Chemical analysis of material covered by this speci-fication for referee purposes shall be in accordance with TestMethods, Practices, and Terminol
27、ogy A751.7. Manufacture7.1 The body of all components shall be forged hot in onepiece, with the exception of Class ML, MCL and CL linkcomponents.7.2 Excess metal flash shall be cleanly removed, leaving thesurface free from sharp edges.7.3 Class ML, MCL, and CL link components may bemanufactured usin
28、g the electric welding, gas welding, orforging process.7.4 Ancillary components such as load pins, latches, bear-ings, and springs need not be forged components.7.5 Welding shall not be used to repair forged components.Grinding of surface discontinuities may be carefully performedas long as no dimen
29、sion is altered outside of the manufacturersdimensions and tolerances for that component. All groundareas must blend in smoothly with the surface.7.6 Heat TreatmentAfter forging or welding is completed,each load bearing component shall be heat treated beforeapplying the proof test. Heat treatment sh
30、all include quenchingand tempering as defined in Definitions E44.7.7 After heat treatment, furnace scale shall be removedfrom the component.8. Performance Requirements8.1 Proof TestAll components shall be proof tested asrequired per 8.1.1 through 8.1.5.All tests shall be performed onequipment certif
31、iable to Practices E4.8.1.1 All components used on single legs of slings shall betested to at least the proof test load prescribed in Table 1 forGrade 80 components and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.8.1.2 All components to which two legs of a sling areattached shall be proof tested to at least a
32、load equal to fourtimes the working load limit of the relevant size single legA952/A952M 02 (2010)4component shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components andTable 2 for Grade 100 components.8.1.3 All components to which three or four legs of a slingare attached shall be proof tested to at least a load e
33、qual to sixtimes the working load limit of the relevant size single legcomponent shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components andTable 2 for Grade 100 components.8.1.4 The fixture over which Class ML, MCL, and CLcomponents are proof tested shall be a maximum of 60% of theinside width and suitably large
34、to prevent localized pointloading and deformation of the links.8.1.5 All components shall withstand the proof test loadwithout loss of integrity or detrimental dimensional changes asdefined in 8.3.1. Components that do not withstand the prooftest shall be discarded.8.2 Design Verification Requiremen
35、ts:8.2.1 The purpose of the verification tests is to prove thedesign, material, heat treatment, and method of manufacture ofeach size of component. Any change of design, material, heattreatment, method of manufacture or in any dimension outsidenormal manufacturing tolerances shall require that verif
36、icationbe performed on the modified components.8.2.2 The tests specified in 8.3 shall be performed on at leastthree samples of each size of component of each design,material, heat treatment, and method of manufacture. Duringtesting, the force shall be applied to the component axiallywithout shock.8.
37、3 Design Verification Tests:8.3.1 Deformation TestThree samples shall be tested andeach shall withstand the proof test load as prescribed in 8.1.Nodimension shall be altered after the proof test by more than 1 %of the initial dimension. Class ML, MCL, and CL componentsare exempt from the deformation
38、 requirement test.8.3.2 Breaking Force Test:8.3.2.1 For single leg components, three samples shall betested and be capable of withstanding the relevant minimumbreaking force as prescribed in Table 1 for Grade 80 compo-nents and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.8.3.2.2 For components to which two sli
39、ng legs will beattached, the minimum breaking force is twice the minimumbreaking force shown in Table 1 for Grade 80 components andTable 2 for Grade 100 components.8.3.2.3 For components to which three or four sling legswill be attached, the minimum breaking force is three times theminimum breaking
40、force shown in Table 1 for Grade 80components and Table 2 for Grade 100 components.8.3.2.4 The component shall show evidence of ductilityprior to failure. Ductility is defined as the altering of adimension by more than 15 % from its original condition. ClassCLM components are exempted from this mini
41、mum ductilityrequirement.NOTE 2It is not necessary to test the component to its actual breakingforce as long as the minimum breaking force loads and deformationrequirements are obtained.NOTE 3The breaking force tests may be conducted on the samplesused for the deformation tests.8.3.3 Fatigue Test:8.
42、3.3.1 Three samples shall be tested and each shall becapable of withstanding at least 20 000 cycles of the forcerange without failure.8.3.3.2 The force range applied during each cycle shall be atleast equivalent to 1.5 times the working load limit specified inTable 1 for Grade 80 and Table 2 for Gra
43、de 100 for that sizecomponent. The minimum force in each cycle shall be positive.8.3.3.3 The frequency of force applications shall not begreater than 25 Hz.8.3.3.4 The fixtures used in fatigue testing shall be suitablylarge to prevent localized point loading or deformation of thecomponent. The fixtu
44、re shall be a maximum of 60% of theinside width for Class ML, MCL, and CL components.9. Dimensional Requirements9.1 The dimensions of the components are left to thejudgment of the component manufacturer provided that thedimensions are sufficient to meet the requirements set forth inthis specificatio
45、n.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 The components, at the time of shipment, shall be freeof discontinuities that would prevent the components fromenduring the working load limit forces.10.2 The manufacturer may apply a surface treatment orcoating of their own choice for identification or
46、corrosionresistance unless the customer specifies otherwise.11. Retests11.1 If one of the verification test samples fails to meet therequirements of 8.3.1, 8.3.2,or8.3.3, two additional samplesTABLE 1 Mechanical Requirements for Grade 80 Single LegComponentsNominal Size Working LoadLimit, maxProof T
47、estA, min MinimumBreaking ForceAin. mm lb kg lb kN lb kN732 5.5 2100 970 4200 19.0 8400 38.0932 7.0 3500 1570 7000 30.8 14 000 61.6516 8.0 4500 2000 9000 40.3 18 000 80.638 10.0 7100 3200 14 200 63.0 28 400 126.012 13.0 12 000 5400 24 000 107.0 48 000 214.058 16.0 18 000 8200 36 200 161.0 72 400 322
48、.034 20.0 28 300 12 800 56 600 252.0 113 200 504.078 22.0 34 200 15 500 68 400 305.0 136 800 610.01 26.0 47 700 21 600 95 400 425.0 190 800 850.0114 32.0 72 300 32 800 144 600 644.0 289 200 1288.0AThe proof test and minimum breaking force loads shall not be used as criteriafor service (See Section 3
49、).TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements for Grade 100 Single LegComponentsNominal Size Working LoadLimit, maxProof Test, min Breaking Force,minin.m lbkglbkNlbkN732 5.5 2700 1220 5400 23.8 10 800 47.6932 7.0 4300 1950 8600 38.5 17 200 77516 8.0 5700 2600 11 400 51 22 800 10238 10.0 8800 4000 17 600 79 35 200 15812 13.0 15 000 6800 30 000 134 60 000 26858 16.0 22 600 10 300 45 200 201 90 400 40234 20.0 35 300 16 000 70 600 315 141 200 63078 22.0 42 700 19 400 85 400 381 170 800 762A952/A952M 02 (2010)5shall be tested. If both add
