1、Designation: A994 11 A994 12Standard Guide forEditorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications forSteel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide covers the editorial form and style for product specifications under th
3、e jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01.NOTE 1For standards other than product specifications, such as test methods, practices, and guides, see the appropriate sections of Form and Stylefor ASTM Standards (Blue Book).21.2 Subcommittees preparing new product specifications or revising existing ones shou
4、ld follow the practices and proceduresoutlined herein, and be guided by the latest specification covering similar commodities.1.3 This guide has been prepared as a supplement to the current edition of the Form and Style Manual, and is appropriate foruse by the subcommittees to Committee A01. This gu
5、ide is to be applied in conjunction with the Form and Style Manual.1.4 If a conflict exists between this guide and the mandatory sections of the current edition of the Form and Style Manual, theForm and Style Manual requirements have precedence. If a conflict exists between this guide and the nonman
6、datory sections ofthe current edition of the Form and Style Manual, the guide has precedence.1.5 When patents are involved, the specifications writer should refer to section F3 of the Form and Style Manual. Also, referto part F of the Form and Style Manual for trademark information and the safety ha
7、zards caveat.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and PersonnelA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products f
8、or ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and FerroalloysE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE1282 Guide for Specifying the Chemical Compositions and Selecti
9、ng Sampling Practices and Quantitative Analysis Methodsfor Metals, Ores, and Related Materials2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:4Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications2.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms S
10、pecific to This Standard:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to the Form and Style Manual, Terminology A941, and Terminology E6.1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit
11、tee A01.91 onEditorial.Current edition approved April 1, 2011Oct. 15, 2012. Published April 2011December 2012. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20092011 asA99409.11. DOI: 10.1520/A0994-11.10.1520/A0994-12.2 Available from ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor
12、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Av
13、ailable from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Phila., PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.This document is
14、not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropri
15、ate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1
16、4. Significance and Use4.1 The Form and Style Manual provides mandatory requirements and recommended practices for the preparation and contentof ASTM specifications. In order to promote consistency in the style and content of product specifications under its jurisdiction,Committee A01 recognizes the
17、 need to provide a supplementary document pertaining to the types of products and materialscovered by those specifications.4.2 This guide contains a list of sections to be considered for inclusion in a specification for steel, stainless steel, and relatedalloy products, and guidance or recommended w
18、ording, or both, for such sections.4.3 Persons drafting new product specifications, or modifying existing ones, under the jurisdiction of Committee A01, shouldfollow this guide and the requirements of the Form and Style Manual to ensure consistency.5. Subject Headings of Text5.1 The various sections
19、 of a Committee A01 product specification should be arranged in the following order. Not all of thesesections will appear in every specification; however, those used should be listed in the order given. In some cases, a specificationmay require the addition of a section or sections not listed, in wh
20、ich case they should be inserted in the specification so as topreserve the logical sequence of sections, insofar as possible.5.2 When only one requirement is used in a section having multiple possible subheadings, that requirement becomes the sectionheading (for example, Tension Test instead of Mech
21、anical Properties).TitleDesignationScopeReferenced DocumentsASTM StandardsOther DocumentsClassificationTerminologyOrdering InformationGeneral RequirementsMaterials and ManufactureMelting PracticeMechanical Working PracticeHeat TreatmentWeldingCoatingsChemical CompositionHeat AnalysisProduct Analysis
22、Methods of AnalysisMetallurgical RequirementsGrain SizeDecarburizationEtch TestMicro-cleanlinessHardenabilityCorrosion ResistancePhysical PropertiesElectrical ResistivityThermal ConductivityMechanical PropertiesTension TestHardness TestImpact TestBend TestFlattening TestFlange TestFlare TestProof Lo
23、ad TestWrap TestCrush TestCoiling TestPressure Test RequirementsHydrostatic TestAir-Under-Water TestNondestructive Test RequirementsMagnetic Particle TestLiquid Penetrant TestRadiographic TestUltrasonic TestEddy Current TestFlux Leakage TestOther Test RequirementsA994 122Dimensions, Mass, and Permis
24、sible VariationsFlatnessStraightnessOut-of-roundnessCamberBowingMatingLengthDiameterThicknessWorkmanship, Finish, and AppearanceSurface FinishEdgesEnd FinishRework, Retreatment, and Weld RepairSamplingNumber of Tests, Retests, and ResamplingSpecimen PreparationTest Methods and Analytical MethodsInsp
25、ectionRejection and RehearingCertificationProduct IdentificationPackaging, Marking, and Loading for ShipmentKeywordsSupplementary RequirementsAnnexes and Appendixes6. Section Contents6.1 Title:6.1.1 The title should be as concise as possible, but complete enough to identify clearly the product cover
26、ed by the specification.Titles are also used in lists, table of contents, and indexes, and it is most important that they be brief but self-explanatory.6.1.2 Two methods for establishing wording are considered acceptable and are at the option of the subcommittee.6.1.3 One is to word as in ordinary c
27、onversation with the adjectives first as is normal in the English language. For example,“Standard Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked, and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High Strengthat Elevated Temperatures.” A general scheme for generating titles with this format is:
28、6.1.3.1 Type of document: “Standard Specification for,”6.1.3.2 Special treatment of the material, if any: “quenched and tempered,” “hot-rolled,” “seamless,” “welded,” etc.,6.1.3.3 Material type based on chemical composition: “carbon,” “high-strength low-alloy,” “austenitic stainless,” etc.,6.1.3.4 “
29、Steel,”6.1.3.5 Product form: “bars,” “pressure vessel plate,” “casting,” “sheet and strip,” etc.,6.1.3.6 Special quality of the product, if any: “with improved toughness,” “with mechanical property requirements,” “ofcommercial quality,” etc., and6.1.3.7 Specific application or use of the product, if
30、 any: “for machine parts,” “for valves,” “for low temperature,” “for generaluse,” “for corrosive service,” etc.6.1.4 The key word in order of importance concept for specification titles is preferred by many subcommittees because itfacilitates accurate indexing and provides rapid identification of sp
31、ecification subject matter. For example, “Standard Specificationfor Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip, Alloy, Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked, and Cold-Worked, for High Strength at ElevatedTemperatures.” A general scheme for developing a title with this format is:6.1.4.1 Type of document: “Standard Specific
32、ation for,”6.1.4.2 “Steel,”6.1.4.3 Product form: “bars,” “pressure vessel plate,” “casting,” “sheet and strip,” etc.,6.1.4.4 Material type based on chemical composition: “carbon,” “high-strength low-alloy,” “austenitic stainless,” etc.,6.1.4.5 Special treatment of the material, if any: “quenched and
33、 tempered,” “hot-rolled,” “seamless,” “welded,” etc.,6.1.4.6 Special quality of the product, if any: “with improved toughness,” “with mechanical property requirements,”“commercial quality,” etc., and6.1.4.7 Specific application or use of the product, if any: “for machine parts,” “for valves,” “for l
34、ow temperature,” “for generaluse,” “for corrosive service,” etc.6.1.5 The use of temperature categories in the titles of specifications should be avoided. When a subcommittee determines thattemperature categories must be used in the title of a specific standard, numerical temperature ranges should n
35、ot be used; theestablishment of limits on the use of materials is not the responsibility of Committee A01. When a subcommittee determines thata temperature category must be used in a title, one of the following should be selected: cryogenic, low, ambient, moderate,elevated, or high.6.2 Scope:A994 12
36、36.2.1 When the specification covers multiple grades, classes, types, or combinations thereof, this should be stated in a separatesection in the scope. The subdivision grade should be based upon chemical composition, a mechanical property, or application ofthe product. Further subdivision should be
37、by class, based on some pertinent property or properties, and identified by arabicnumbers. The subdivision type should be based on some major property, such as manufacture, product form, or genericclassification. The precedence of grade, class, and type is the A01 preferred style, and it should be u
38、sed in the absence of anyestablished preference.6.2.2 When a specification has supplementary requirements, the scope should include the following, or similar, statement as asubsection:Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided for use at the option of the purchaser. Thesupplementar
39、y requirements shall apply only when specifiedindividually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.6.2.3 Scope statements relating to units should be one of the following:6.2.3.1 Format Requirements for Standards in Inch-Pound Units: For a standard citing inch-pound units of measurement a
40、s thestandard units of measurement, follow the format requirement below:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as a numbered paragraph:I.X Units-The values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that a
41、re provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.Units to Be Used in StandardWithin the text, inch-pound units shall appear first followed by non-rationalized SI units inparentheses.6.2.3.2 Format Requirements for Standards in SI Units: For a standard citing SI units of measurement as
42、 the standard units ofmeasurement, select the type of SI standard to be written and follow the appropriate format requirement listed below:(1) Solely SI Standards:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as a numbered paragraph:I.X UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstanda
43、rd. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.Units to Be Used in Standard2Within the text, show only rationalized SI units.(2) Combined Standards:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as a numbered paragraph:I.X UnitsThis specification is expressed in both inch-poundunits
44、and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order orcontract specifies the applicable M specification designation(SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. The values statedin either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regardedseparately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shownin
45、 brackets. The values stated in each system may not beexact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems may result in nonconformance with the standard.6.2.4 In a general requirements specification, the scope should contain the fol
46、lowing, or similar, statement:In the case of conflict between a requirement of a productspecification and a requirement of this specification, theproduct specification takes precedence. In the case of conflictbetween a requirement of the product specification and arequirement of this specification a
47、nd a more stringentrequirement of the purchase order or contract, the purchaseorder or contract takes precedence. The purchase order orcontract requirements shall not take precedence if they, in anyway, violate the requirements of the product specification orthis specification; for example, by the w
48、aiving of a testrequirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.6.2.5 Temperature Categories:6.2.5.1 Temperature categories should not be used in the scopes of specifications, because that use may mislead users ofstandards by creating an implication that the scope reflects engineering jud
49、gment on the temperature suitability of products forspecific applications. The establishment of temperature limitations on the use of materials is the responsibility of code committees.6.2.5.2 When a subcommittee determines that temperature categories must be used in a specific standard, numerical temperatureranges should not be used. The categories should be limited to the following: cryogenic, low, ambient, moderate, elevated, or high.6.2.5.3 When a temperature category is used in the scope of a standard, the scope should cite the property or properties of thespecified
