1、Designation: A996/A996M 15A996/A996M 16Standard Specification forRail-Steel and Axle-Steel Deformed Bars for ConcreteReinforcement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A996/A996M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers rail-steel and axle-steel bars for concrete reinforcement. Three ty
3、pes of product are included,designated with a “rail symbol,” and an “R” for bars made of rail-steel and with an “A” for bars made of axle-steel. The standardsizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1. All sizes and grades of all types maynot be readily a
4、vailable; manufacturers should be consulted to verify availability.1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes,excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 Ty
5、pe “rail symbol” and Type R are of two minimum yield strength levels, namely 50 000 psi 350 MPa and 60 000 psi420 MPa designated as Grade 50 350 and Grade 60 420, respectively. TypeAis of two minimum yield levels, namely 40 000psi 280 MPa and 60 000 psi 420 MPa designated as Grade 40 280 and Grade 6
6、0 420, respectively.1.4 The weldability of the steel is not a requirement of this specification.1.5 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (Specification A996) or SI units (Specification A996M).1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be reg
7、arded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shownin brackets. The values stated must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result innonconformance with the specification.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
8、 associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testin
9、g of Steel ProductsA700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE290 Test M
10、ethods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility2.2 Military Standard:3MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.3 Federal Standard:3Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:3.1.1 deformations, ntransverse protr
11、usions on a deformed bar.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved July 1, 2015Jan. 15, 2016. Published August 2015March 2016.
12、Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asA996/A996M 14a.A996/A996M 15. DOI: 10.1520/A0996_A0996M-15.10.1520/A0996_A0996M-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
13、M Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.This document is not an ASTM standard and is int
14、ended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the curr
15、ent versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.2 deformed bar, nsteel bar
16、with transverse protrusions; a bar that is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforcedconcrete construction.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe surface of the bar is provided with protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar relative to the concretesurrounding the bar in such construction. The pr
17、otrusions conform to the provisions of this specification.3.1.3 rib, nlongitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for rail-steel or axle-steel reinforcing bars under this specification shall contain the following information:4.1.1 Quantity (weight) mass,4.1.2 Type “ra
18、il symbol” or Type R for rail steel, or Type A for axle steel,4.1.3 Bar designation number (size),4.1.4 Grade (see Table 2),4.1.5 Requirements for inspection (16.1),4.1.6 Packaging (see Section 20), and4.1.7 ASTM designation and year of issue.4.2 The purchaser shall have the option to specify additi
19、onal requirements, including but not limited to, the following:4.2.1 Carbon range for each lot of bars (6.2), and4.2.2 Other special requirements, if any.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The bars shall be rolled from standard section Tee rails or from carbon steel axles for railway cars and locomotiv
20、es. No othermaterials, such as those known by the terms “rerolled, rail-steel equivalent, and rail-steel quality” shall be substituted.TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation RequirementsBarDesignationNo.BNominalWeight,lb/ftNominalMass,kg
21、/mNominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, in. mmDiameter,in. mmCross-SectionalAreain.2 mm2Perimeter,in. mmMaximumAverageSpacingMinimumAverageHeightMaximumGap (Chordof 12.5 % ofNominalPerimeter)3 10 0.376 0.560 0.375 9.5 0.11 71 1.178 29.9 0.262 6.7 0.015 0.38 0.143 3.64 13 0.668 0.994 0.500 12
22、.7 0.20 129 1.571 39.9 0.350 8.9 0.020 0.51 0.191 4.95 16 1.043 1.552 0.625 15.9 0.31 199 1.963 49.9 0.437 11.1 0.028 0.71 0.239 6.16 19 1.502 2.235 0.750 19.1 0.44 284 2.356 59.8 0.525 13.3 0.038 0.97 0.286 7.37 22 2.044 3.042 0.875 22.2 0.60 387 2.749 69.8 0.612 15.5 0.044 1.12 0.334 8.58 25 2.670
23、 3.973 1.000 25.4 0.79 510 3.142 79.8 0.700 17.8 0.050 1.27 0.383 9.79 29 3.400 5.060 1.128 28.7 1.00 645 3.544 90.0 0.790 20.1 0.056 1.42 0.431 10.910 32 4.303 6.404 1.270 32.3 1.27 819 3.990 101.3 0.889 22.6 0.064 1.63 0.487 12.411 36 5.313 7.907 1.410 35.8 1.56 1006 4.430 112.5 0.987 25.1 0.071 1
24、.80 0.540 13.7A The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight mass per foot metre as the deformed bar.B 9 29 11 36 axle-steel bars only.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade 40 280 Grade 50 350 Grade 60 420Tensile strength,min, psi MPa 70 00
25、0 500 80 000 550 90 000 620Yield strength,min, psi MPa 40 000 280 50 000 350 60 000 420Type ARailSymboland RARailSymboland RElongation in 8 in. 200mm, min, %Bar Designation no.3 10 11 6 8 64, 5, 6 13, 16, 19 12 7 8 67 22 11 6 8 58 25 10 5 7 4.59, 10, 11 29, 32, 36 . . 7 .A996/A996M 1626. Carbon Dete
26、rmination6.1 The chemical analysis of the material, as described below, shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,and Terminology A751. For axle-steel product, the manufacturer shall make a determination for the carbon content of each axlereceived for manufacture into reinforcin
27、g bars. Based on these carbon determinations, all steel axles shall be stocked forsubsequent rolling in separated lots by carbon range. The ranges of carbon shall be determined by the manufacturer as those bestsuited to meet the mechanical requirements.6.2 When requested by the purchaser, the manufa
28、cturer shall report the carbon range for each lot of bars furnished.7. Requirements for Deformations7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substantially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of thebar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.7.2 The deformations shall
29、be placed with respect to the axis of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45. Wherethe line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis of the bar from 45 to 70 inclusive, the deformations shall reversealternately in direction from those on the opposite side. Where the line
30、 of deformations is over 70, reversal in direction shall notbe required.7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the nominaldiameter of the bar.7.4 The overall length of the deformations shall be such that the gap (measured as
31、a chord) between the ends of the deformationsshall not exceed 12.5 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate in a rib, the width of the rib shall beconsidered as the gap between these ends. The summation of the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar.Furt
32、hermore, the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal permeter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the barshall be 3.1416 times the nominal diameter.7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.8. Measurements of Deformation8
33、.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be determined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and dividingthat length by the number of spaces included in the measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a deformation atthe beginning of the first space to a corresponding po
34、int on a deformation after the last included space. Spacing measurements shallnot be made over a bar area containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined from measurements made on not less than two typical deformations.Determinat
35、ions shall be based on three measurements per deformation, one at the center on the overall length and the other twoat the quarter points of the overall length.8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential coverage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitute cause forrejection
36、 unless it has been clearly established by determinations on each lot (Note 1) tested that typical deformation height, gap,or spacing does not conform to the minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall be made on the basis ofmeasurements if fewer than ten adjacent deformations o
37、n each side of the bar are measured.NOTE 1As used within the intent of 8.3 and 14.1, the term “lot” shall mean all the bars of one bar number and pattern of deformations containedin an individual shipping release or shipping order.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test s
38、pecimens, shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed inTable 2.9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall be determined by one of the following methods.9.2.1 The yield point shall be determined by the drop of the beam or halt in the gage of the tensile testing machine.TABLE
39、 3 Bend Test RequirementsPin Diameter for Bend TestABar Designation Nos. Type RailSymbol Type R Type A3, 4, 5 10, 13, 16 6dB 312d 312d6, 7, 8 19, 22, 25 6d 5d 5d9, 10, 11 29, 32, 36 . . 7dA Test bends 180.B d = nominal diameter of specimen.A996/A996M 1639.2.2 Where the steel tested does not have a w
40、ell-defined yield point, the yield strength shall be determined by the offset method(0.2 % offset), as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.9.3 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed in Table 2.10. Bending Requirements10.1 The bend test specimen shall withstand being bent arou
41、nd a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bent portion.The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of pins are prescribed in Table 3.10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficient length to ensure free bending and with an apparatus that providesthe following.10.2.1 Con
42、tinuous and uniform application of force throughout the duration of the bending operation.10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to rotate.10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around a pin during the bending operation.10.3
43、It shall be permissible to use other methods of bend testing described in Test Methods E290, such as placing a specimenacross two round bearings free to rotate and applying the bending force with a fixed rounded-tip mandrel conforming to thespecified bend radius, allowing the bar to pass through wit
44、h sufficient clearance. When failures occur under other methods of bendtesting, retest shall be permitted under the bend test method prescribed in 10.2.11. Permissible Variation in Weight Mass11.1 Deformed reinforcing bars shall be evaluated on the basis of nominal weight mass. The weight mass deter
45、mined usingthe measured weight mass of the test specimen and rounding in accordance with Practice E29, shall be at least 94 % of theapplicable weight mass per unit length prescribed in Table 1. In no case shall overweight excess mass of any deformed bar because for rejection.12. Finish12.1 The bars
46、shall be free of detrimental surface imperfections.12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregularities, or mill scale shall not be cause for rejection, provided the weight, dimensions,cross-sectional area, and tensile properties of a hand wire brushed test are not less than requirements of this specification.1
47、2.3 Surface imperfections or flaws other than those specified in 12.2 shall be considered detrimental when specimenscontaining such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile or bending requirements. Examples include, but are not limited to,laps, seams, slivers, cooling or casting cracks, and m
48、ill or guide marks.13. Test Specimens13.1 All mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370. In case of any conflictbetween the requirements in this specification and the requirements of Test Methods and Definitions A370, the requirements in thisspecificati
49、on shall prevail13.2 Tension test specimens shall be the full section of bar as rolled. Unit stress determinations for yield and tensile strengthshall be based on the nominal bar area.13.2.1 Tension test specimens shall be long enough to provide for an 8-in. 200-mm gage length, a distance of at least two bardiameters between each
