1、Designation: A 999/A 999M 04aStandard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 999/A 999M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers a group of general require-ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individual s
3、peci-fication, shall apply to the ASTM product specifications notedbelow.1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of aproduct specification and a requirement of this specification,the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflictbetween a requirement of the product specificat
4、ion or arequirement of this specification and a more stringent require-ment of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail.Title of Specification ASTM Desig-nation3Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A 312/A 312MSeamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-TemperatureServiceA 333
5、/A 333MSeamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High TemperatureServiceA 335/A 335MElectric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel AlloySteel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA 358/A 358MCarbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe forHigh-Temperature ServiceA 369/A 369MSeamless Austenitic
6、Steel Pipe for Use With HighTemperature Central-Station ServiceA 376/A 376MWelded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosiveor High-Temperature ServiceA 409/A 409MWelded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel TubularProductsA 778Seamless and Welded Ferritic/AusteniticStainless Steel PipeA 79
7、0/A 790MSingle- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A 813/A 813MCold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A 814/A 814MFerritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe ElectricFusion Welded with Addition of Filler MetalA 928/A 928MSpray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Stee
8、l Pipe A 943/A 943MSpray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless SteelPipeA 949/A 949MAustenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamlessand Welded PipeA 9541.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units a
9、re shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore each system is to beused independently of the other without combining values inany way. The inch-pound units apply unless the “M” designa-tion (SI) of the product specification is specified in the order.NOTE 1
10、The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) isused in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”“size,” “ nominal bore,” and “nominal size.”1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test method portion, Section 22, of this specification: Thisstandard
11、 does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM St
12、andards:4A 312/A 312M Specification for Seamless and Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel PipesA 333/A 333M Specification for Seamless and WeldedSteel Pipe for Low-Temperature ServiceA 335/A 335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA 358/A 358M Specificatio
13、n for Electric-Fusion-WeldedAustenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsA 369/A 369M Specification for Carbon and Ferritic AlloySteel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Ser-viceA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof
14、 Steel ProductsA 376/A 376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature Central-Station ServiceA 409/A 409M Specification for Welded Large DiameterAustenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-TemperatureServiceA 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Ste
15、el Products for Domestic Shipment1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published August 2004. Origi
16、nallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 999/A 999M 04.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA 999 in Section II of that Code.3These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications. SeeAnnual Book of ASTM
17、Standards, Vol 01.01.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears a
18、t the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA 778 Specification for Welded, Unannealed AusteniticStainless Steel Tubul
19、ar ProductsA 790/A 790M Specification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA 813/A 813M Specification for Single- or Double-WeldedAustenitic Stainless Steel PipeA 814/A 814M Specification for Cold-Worked Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel PipeA 928/A 928M Specification for
20、Ferritic/Austenitic (Du-plex) Stainless Steel Pipe Electric Fusion Welded withAddition of Filler MetalA 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA 943/A 943M Specification for Spray-Formed SeamlessAustenitic Stainless Steel PipesA 949/A 949M Specification f
21、or Spray-Formed SeamlessFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel PipeA 954 Specification for Austenitic Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Alloy Steel Seamless and Welded PipeA 994 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of ProductSpecifications for Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related AlloysD 3951 Practice for Comm
22、ercial PackagingE 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand TubingE 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of LongitudinalWelded Pipe and TubingE 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examinati
23、on of Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-itic Stainless Steel and Similar AlloysE 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-netic Steel Tubular Products2.2 ANSI St
24、andards:B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe5B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe52.3 Military Standards:MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage6MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements forMetals6MIL-STD-792 Identification Marking Requirements forSpecial Purpose
25、 Equipment62.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Ironand Steel Products62.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:SSPC-SP6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Com-mercial Blast Cleaning72.6 ASNT Standards:SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-cati
26、on and Certification in Nondestructive Testing83. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The steel shall be made by a suitable steelmakingprocess.3.2 If secondary melting, such as electroslag remelting orvacuum remelting, is used, the heat shall be defined as all of theingots remelted from a single primary he
27、at.3.3 If steels of different grades are sequentially strand cast,the resultant transition material shall be removed using anestablished procedure that positively separates the grades.3.4 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,it shall be specified in the purchase order.4. Termin
28、ology4.1 Definitions:4.1.1 The definitions in Terminology A 941, except asmodified in this specification or in its referenced productspecifications, are applicable to this specification.5. Ordering Information5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary
29、 for products ordered under theapplicable product specification and this general requirementsspecification. Such requirements to be considered include, butare not limited to, the following:5.1.1 ASTM product specification and year-date,5.1.2 Name of product (for example, stainless steel pipe),5.1.3
30、Quantity (feet, metres, or number of pieces),5.1.4 Method of manufacture, where applicable (seamlessor welded),5.1.5 Specific type of melting, if required (see 3.4),5.1.6 Grade or UNS number,5.1.7 Size (NPS and outside diameter and schedule number,average (nominal) wall thickness (see 9.1 and 10.1),
31、 orminimum wall thickness (see 9.2 and 10.1.1), or minimuminside diameter (see 11.1),5.1.8 Length (specific or random),5.1.9 End finish,5.1.10 Optional requirements,5.1.11 Certification (see Section 25),5.1.12 Specification designation and year of issue, and5.1.13 Special requirements or any supplem
32、entary require-ments, or both.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Chemical AnalysisSamples for chemical analysis andmethod of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods,Practices, and Terminology A 751.5Portions of these standards appear in ASTM Book of Standards, Vol 01.01. Fulltext of these standard
33、s is available from American National Standards Institute, 11West 42nd St., 13th floor, New York, NY 10036.6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.7Available from Steel Structures Painting Council, 4400 Fifth
34、Ave., Pittsburgh,PA 15213.8Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 ArlingtonPlaza, P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, OH 432280518.A 999/A 999M 04a26.2 Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each heat of steel shallbe made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentagesof the specified e
35、lements. If secondary melting processes areemployed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from oneremelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of eachprimary melt. The chemical composition thus determined, orthat determined from a product analysis made by the tubularproduct manufacturer shall
36、conform to the requirements speci-fied.6.2.1 For steels ordered under product specifications refer-encing this specification of general requirements, the steel shallnot contain an unspecified element, other than nitrogen forstainless steels, for the ordered grade to the extent that the steelconforms
37、 to the requirements of another grade for which thatelement is a specified element having a required minimumcontent. For this requirement, a grade is defined as an alloydescribed individually and identified by its own UNS designa-tion in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-tion lis
38、ted within the scope as being covered by this specifi-cation.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis requirements andoptions, if any, shall be as contained in the applicable productspecification.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Method of Mechanical TestsThe specimens and me-chanical tests required shall be
39、in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A 370, especially Annex A2 thereof.7.2 Specimens shall be tested at room temperature.7.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test Meth-ods and Definitions A 370 may be used only when there isinsufficient material to prepare one of the standard sp
40、ecimens.When using small or subsize specimens, the largest onepossible shall be used.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties in the applicable product specification.8.2 The yield strength, if specified, shall be determinedcorresponding to a p
41、ermanent offset of 0.2 % of the gage lengthor to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gage length under load.8.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen isless than that specified and any part of the fracture is more than34 in. 19.0 mm from the center of the gage length, asindicated by scr
42、ibe marks on the specimen before testing, aretest shall be allowed.9. Permissible Variation in Mass for Seamless Pipe9.1 Except as allowed by 9.2, the mass of any length ofseamless pipe in sizes NPS 12 and smaller shall not vary morethan 10 % over or more than 3.5 % under that specified. Forpipe in
43、sizes larger than NPS 12, the mass of any length of pipeshall not vary more than 10 % over or more than 5 % under thatspecified. Unless otherwise specified, the mass of lengths ofpipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall be determined separatelyor in convenient lots; the mass of lengths of pipe in sizes
44、 largerthan NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.2 Minimum WallIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, the mass ofany length of seamless pipe shall not vary more than 16 % overthat calculated in accordance with 14.3. Unless otherwisespecified, the mass
45、of pipe in sizes NPS 4 and smaller shall bedetermined separately or in convenient lots; the mass of pipe insizes larger than NPS 4 shall be determined separately.9.3 The specified mass of pipe shall be determined bymultiplying its specified or calculated mass per unit length (see14.3) by its measure
46、d length.10. Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness10.1 Seamless and WeldedExcept as required by 10.1.1,the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than12.5 % under the nominal wall thickness specified. The mini-mum wall thickness on inspection is shown in Table X1.1.10.1.1 Minimum W
47、allIf the wall thickness of the pipe isspecified as minimum wall in the purchase order, there shall beno variation under the specified wall thickness.10.2 Forged and BoredThe wall thickness shall not varyover that specified by more than18 in. 3.2 mm. There shall beno variation under the specified wa
48、ll thickness.10.3 CastThe wall thickness shall not vary over thatspecified by more than116 in. 1.6 mm. There shall be novariation under the specified wall thickness.11. Permissible Variations in Inside Diameter11.1 Forged and Bored, and CastThe inside diametershall not vary under that specified by m
49、ore than116 in. 1.6mm. There shall be no variation over the specified insidediameter.12. Permissible Variation in Outside Diameter12.1 Variations in outside diameter, unless otherwise agreedupon, shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1. Thetolerances for outside diameter include ovality, except asprovided for in 12.2 and 12.2.1. (See Note 2.)12.2 For thin-wall pipe, defined as pipe having a wallthickness of 3 % or less of the specified outside diameter, thediameter tolerance of Table 1 is applicable only to the mean ofthe extreme (maximum and minimum) ou
