1、Designation: B148 97 (Reapproved 2009)B148 14Standard Specification forAluminum-Bronze Sand Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification establishes requir
3、ements for sand castings produced from copper-base alloys having the alloy numbers,2commercial designations, and nominal compositions shown in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units tha
4、t are provided for information only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Spe
5、cimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and ContinuousCastingsB824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy CastingsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M
6、 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms r
7、elated to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of Specification B824.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for castingsInclude the following specified choices when placing o
8、rders for product under this specification shallinclude the following information:as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper or Copper Alloy UNS. No. designation,5.1.3 Temper, must include optional Heat Treatment when needed,5.1.4 Dimensions, diameter, and wall thickness (Fo
9、r tube or pipe: specify either O.D./I.D., O.D./Wall, or I.D./Wall unlessstandard size such as type K are ordered; for flat products: thickness, width, and edges; for rod, bar, or shapes: by diameter ordistance between parallel surfaces),1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
10、e B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castingsand Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2009April 1, 2014. Published May 2009May 2014. Originally approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 asB148 97 (2003)(2009
11、).1 . DOI: 10.1520/B0148-97R09.10.1520/B0148-14.2 The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of aprefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate composition variation
12、s of the base alloy.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and
13、 is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only t
14、he current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.5 QualityQuantity of
15、 castings required,5.1.6 Copper alloy number (Intended applications,Table 1) and temper (as-cast, heat treated, and so forth),5.1.7 Specification title, number, and year of issue,5.1.8 Pattern or drawing number and condition (cast, machined, and so forth),5.1.9 Analysis of residual elements, if spec
16、ified in the purchase order (Specification B824),5.1.10 Pressure test requirements, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),5.1.11 Soundness requirements, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),5.1.12 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B
17、824),5.1.13 Test report, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),5.1.14 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),5.1.15 Approval of weld procedure and records of repairs, if specified in the purchase order (Section 810),5.1.16 ASME Boiler and Pressu
18、re Vessel Code4 application (9.212.2 and Section 1114),5.1.17 Castings for seawater service (5.36.2.3), and5.1.18 Product marking, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824).5.2 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government, the Supplementary Requirements of this specif
19、ication maybe specified.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 For better corrosion resistance in seawater applications, castings in CopperAlloy UNS No. C95800 shall be given a temperanneal heat treatment at 1250 6 50F (675 6 10C) for 6 h minimum. Cooling shall be by the fastest means possible that willnot
20、 cause excessive distortion or cracking. Propeller castings shall be exempt from this requirement. Materials:4 Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY10016-5990.10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.TA
21、BLE 1 Nominal CompositionsCopper AlloyUNS No.Old Desig-nationDesignationCommercialDesignationNominal Composition, %Copper Nickel Iron Aluminum Silicon ManganeseC95200 9A Grade A 88.0 . . . 3.0 9.0 . . . . . .C95300A 9B Grade B 89.0 . . . 1.0 10.0 . . . . . .C95400A 9C Grade C 85.0 . . . 4.0 11.0 . .
22、 . . . .C95410A . . . . . . 84.0 2.0 4.0 10.0 . . . . . .C95500A 9D Grade D 81.0 4.0 4.0 11.0 . . . . . .C95520A . . . . . . 78.5 5.5 5.0 11.0 . . . . . .C95600 9E Grade E 91.0 . . . . . . 7.0 2.0 . . .C95700 9F Grade F 75.0 2.0 3.0 8.0 . . . 12.0C95800 . . . . . . 81.3 4.5 4.0 9.0 . . . 1.2C95820 .
23、 . . . . . 79.0 5.2 4.5 9.5 . . . 1.0C95900 . . . . . . 87.5 . . . 4.5 13.0 . . . . . .A These grades respond to heat treatment.TABLE 24 Chemical RequirementsClassification Aluminum Bronze Nickel Aluminum BronzeSiliconAluminumBronzeManganese-NickelAluminumBronzeNickelAluminumBronzeAluminumBronzeCopp
24、er AlloyUNS No.C95200 C95300 C95400 C95410 C95500 C95520A C95600 C95700 C95800 C95820B C95900Composition, %Copper 86.0 min 86.0 min 83.0 min 83.0 min 78.0 min 74.5 min 88.0 min 71.0 min 79.0 min 77.5 min remainderAluminum 8.59.5 9.011.0 10.011.5 10.011.5 10.011.5 10.511.5 6.08.0 7.08.5 8.59.5 9.010.
25、0 12.013.5Iron 2.54.0 0.81.5 3.05.0 3.05.0 3.05.0 4.05.5 . . . 2.04.0 3.54.5C 4.05.0 3.05.0Manganese . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.50 max 3.5 max 1.5 max . . . 11.014.0 0.81.5 1.5 max 1.5 maxNickel (inclcobalt). . . . . . 1.5 max 1.52.5 3.05.5 4.26.0 0.25 max 1.53.0 4.05.0C 4.55.8 0.5 maxNickel (inclcobalt
26、). . . . . . 1.5 max 1.52.5 3.05.5 4.26.0 0.25 max 1.53.0 4.05.0C 4.55.8 0.50 maxSilicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 max 1.83.2 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 max . . .Lead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 max . . . 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.02 max . . .A Chromium shall be 0.05 max, cobalt 0.20 max, tin
27、0.25 max, and zinc 0.30 max.B Zinc shall be 0.20.20 max and tin 0.020.20 max.C Iron content shall not exceed the nickel content.B148 1426.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be sand castings of Copper Alloys, UNS No. C95200, C95300, C95400, C95410,C95500, C95520, C95600, C95700, C95800, C95820, C9
28、5900 of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing intothe products prescribed herein.6.1.2 When specified in the contract or purchase order, that heat identification or traceability is required, the purchaser shallspecify the details desired.6.2 CopperAlloy UNS Nos. C95300, C95400,
29、C95410, and C95500 may be supplied in the heat-treated condition to obtain thehigher mechanical properties shown in Table 3. Suggested heat treatments for these alloys and Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520are given in Table 4. Actual practice may vary by manufacturer.Manufacture:6.2.1 As a specified optio
30、n, Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500, and C95520 may be supplied in theheat-treated condition to obtain the higher mechanical properties shown in Table 2. Suggested heat treatments for these alloys aregiven in Table 3. Actual practice may vary by manufacturer.6.2.2 For better corr
31、osion resistance in seawater applications, castings in CopperAlloy UNS No. C95800 may be given a temperanneal heat treatment at 1250 6 50F (675 6 10C) for 6 h minimum. Cooling shall be by the fastest means possible that willnot cause excessive distortion or cracking. Propeller castings shall be exem
32、pt from this requirement.6.2.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.6.2.4 CopperAlloy UNS No. C95900 is normally supplied annealed between 1100F (595C) and 1300F (705C) followed byair cooling.6.2.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95820 is supplied in the as-cast condition.6.2
33、.6 Separately cast test bar coupons representing castings made in Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C95300HT, C95400HT,C95410HT, C95500HT, C95520HT, C95800 temper annealed, and C95900 annealed shall be heat treated with the castings.5.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.5.4
34、Copper Alloy UNS No. C95900 is normally supplied annealed between 1100F (595C) and 1300F (705C) followed byair cooling.5.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95820 is supplied in the as-cast condition.5.6 Separately cast test bar coupons representing castings made in CopperAlloy UNS Nos. C95300HT, C95400HT, C954
35、10HT,C95500HT, C95520HT, C95800 temper annealed, and C95900 annealed shall be heat treated with the castings.7. Chemical Composition6.1 The castings shall conform to the chemical requirements shown in Table 2.TABLE 32 Mechanical RequirementsClassificationAluminum Bronze Nickel Aluminum Bronze Silico
36、n AluminumBronzeManganese-NickelAluminumBronzeNickelAluminumBronzeAluminumBronzeAs-Cast As-CastCopper Alloy UNS No. C95200 C95300 C95400 andC95410 C95500 C95820 C95600 C95700 C95800A C95900BTensile strength, min,ksiC (MPaD )65(450)65(450)75(515)90(620)94(650)60(415)90(620)85(585). . . . .Yield stren
37、gth,E min,ksiC (MPaD )25(170)25(170)30(205)40(275)39F(270)F28(195)40(275)35(240). . . . .Elongation in 2 in.(50.8 mm), %20 20 12 6 13 10 20 15 . . .Brinell hardness No.G(3000-kg load)110 110 150 190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Heat-TreatedCopper Alloy UNS No. C95300 C95400 andC95410 C95500 C95520HT
38、ensile strength, min,ksiC (MPa)D. . . . .80(550)90(620)110(760)125(862). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yield strength,E min,ksiC (MPa)D. . . . .40(275)45(310)60(415)95F(655)F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Elongation in 2 in.(50.8 min), %. . . 12 6 5 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .Brinell hardness No.G(
39、3000-kg load). . . 160 190 200 255I . . . . . . . . . 241 minA As cast or temper annealed.B Normally supplied annealed between 1100 and 1300F for 4 h followed by air cooling.C ksi = 1000 psi.D See Appendix X1.E Yield strength shall be determined as the stress producing an elongation under load of 0.
40、5 %, that is, 0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of 2 in. (50.8 mm).F Yield strength at 0.2 % offset, min, ksiC (MPa)D .G For information only.H CopperCopper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.I Sand castings and sand cast test specimens shall be 25 HRC or equivalent m
41、inimum.B148 1437.1 These specification limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits may be established by agreement betweenmanufacturer or supplier and purchaser for these unnamed elements. Copper may be given as remainder and may be taken as thedifference between the sum of all ele
42、ments analyzed and 100 %. When all the elements The material shall conform to the chemicalcomposition requirements in Table 4the table are analyzed, their sum shall be as for the copper alloy UNS. No. designationspecified in the following table:ordering information.Copper Alloy UNS NumberCopper Plus
43、 Named Elements,min, %C95200 99.0C95300 99.0C95400 99.5C95410 99.5C95500 99.5C95520 99.5C95600 99.0C95700 99.5C95800 99.5C95820 99.2C95900 99.57.1.1 Results of analysis of the product sample shall conform to the composition requirements within the permitted analyticalvariance specified in Table 4.7.
44、1.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits may be established by agreement betweenmanufacturer or supplier and purchaser for the unnamed elements.7.1.3 For alloys in which Copper is listed as remainder, copper is the difference between the sum of results of a
45、ll elementsdetermined and 100 %. When all the elements in Table 4 are determined, the sum of results shall be as specified in the followingtable:Copper Alloy UNS NumberCopper Plus Named Elements,min, %C95200 99.0C95300 99.0C95400 99.5TABLE 4 Suggested Heat TreatmentsCopper AlloyUNS No.Solution Treat
46、ment(Not Less Than 1 hFollowedbyWater Quench)Annealing Treatment(Not Less than 2 hFollowedbyAir Cool)C95300 1585-1635F(800-890C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95400C954101600-1675F(870-910C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95500C95520(2 h followed bywater quench)925-1000F(495-540C)1600-1700F(870-925C)TABLE 3 Suggested He
47、at TreatmentsCopperAlloyUNS No.Solution Treatment(Not Less than 1 h/in.Followed byWater Quench)Annealing Treatment(Not Less than 2 hFollowedbyAir Cool)C95300 1585-1635F(860-890C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95400C954101600-1675F(870-910C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95500C95520(2 h followed bywater quench)1600-1700
48、F (870-925C)925-1000F(495-540C)C95800A 1250 50F (675 10C),6 h minimum followedby air coolingA Corrosion inhibiting heat treatment, depends on agreement between themanufacturer and buyer.B148 144C95410 99.5C95500 99.5C95520 99.5C95600 99.0C95700 99.5C95800 99.5C95820 99.2C95900 99.57. Mechanical Prop
49、erties7.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from separately cast test bar castings and shall meet the requirements shown inTable 3.8. Temper8.1 The suggested heat treatment (tempers) for products described in this specification are given in Table 3.9. Mechanical Property Requirements9.1 Tensile Strength Requirements:9.1.1 The mechanical properties shall be determined from separately cast test bar castings.9.1.2 Product furnished under this specification shall conform to t
