1、Designation: B176 14Standard Specification forCopper-Alloy Die Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses in
2、dicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements forcopper-alloy die cast
3、ings. The alloys specified are CopperAlloy UNS Nos. C85700, C85800, C86500, C87800, C99700,and C99750.21.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are n
4、ot considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B824 Specification for General Requirements for CopperAlloy CastingsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-teria
5、lsE23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-tallic MaterialsE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)2.2 American Die Casting Institute:4“E” Series Pro
6、duct Standards2.3 Federal Standard:5Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 Military Standards:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (MilitaryAgencies)MIL-P-116 Methods of Preservation3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitutea part
7、of this specification.3.1.1 Terminology (Section 3),3.1.2 Number of Tests and Retests (Section 10) (Note tousers: Paragraph 10.3 of Specification B824 applies only whenmechanical requirements are specified in the purchase order.),3.1.3 Test Methods (Section 12),3.1.4 Significance of Numerical Limits
8、 (Section 13),3.1.5 Inspection (Section 14),3.1.6 Rejection and Rehearing (Section 15),3.1.7 Certification (Section 16),3.1.8 Test Report (Section 17),3.1.9 Product Marking (Section 18), and3.1.10 Supplementary Requirements.3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced in
9、3.1, above, appears in this specification, itcontains additional requirements which supplement those ap-pearing in Specification B824.4. Terminology4.1 For general terms related to copper and copper alloys,refer to Terminology B846.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when pl
10、acing ordersfor die castings under this specification as applicable:5.1.1 Specification title, number, and year of issue,5.1.2 Part name and number,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS Number,5.1.4 Quantity and delivery schedule, as required,1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Co
11、pperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published May 2014. Originallyapproved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B176 08(2013). DOI:10.1520/B0176-14.2The UNS system for
12、copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs
13、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from the American Die Casting Institute, 2340 Des Plaines Ave., DesPlaines, IL 60018.5Available from
14、DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue,Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.5 Engi
15、neering drawing of die casting, when required,giving all necessary dimensions and tolerances and showinglatest revisions and allowances for machining, if any. Locationof ejector pin marks or parting lines shall be at the option of themanufacturer unless specifically designated on the drawing.5.1.6 W
16、hen die castings are purchased for agencies of theU.S. government the Supplementary Requirements of Specifi-cation B824 may be specified.5.2 The following requirements are optional and should bespecified in the purchase order when required.5.2.1 Inspection lot sampling (Section 8),5.2.2 Chemical ana
17、lysis of residual elements (Section 4),5.2.3 Soundness requirements (Section 9),5.2.4 Mechanical requirements (Section 5),5.2.5 Special requirements (Section 9),5.2.6 Certification (Specification B824),5.2.7 Foundry test report (Specification B824),5.2.8 Witness inspection (Specification B824),5.2.9
18、 Product marking (Specification B824), and5.2.10 Packaging requirements (Section 12).6. Chemical Composition6.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements formajor elements as shown in Table 1.6.2 These specification composition limits do not precludethe presence of other elements. Limits may be
19、 established andanalysis required for unnamed elements agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser. Copper or zincmay be given as remainder and may be taken as the differencebetween the sum of all elements analyzed and 100 %. When allnamed elements in Table 1 are analyzed, thei
20、r sum shall be asspecified in Table 2.6.3 It is recognized that residual elements may be present incast copper-base alloys. Analysis shall be made for residualelements only when specified in the purchase order.6.4 If the producers or suppliers method of compositioncontrol is acceptable, sampling for
21、 chemical analysis may bewaived at the discretion of the purchaser.7. Mechanical Property Requirements7.1 Unless specified in the purchase order, acceptance of diecastings under this specification shall not depend on mechani-cal properties determined by tension or impact tests. TableX1.1 shows typic
22、al mechanical properties.7.2 When minimum mechanical properties are specified inthe purchase order the mechanical properties shall be agreedupon between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall be wit
23、hin thelimits specified on the drawings or in the contract or purchaseorder.8.1.1 Any dimensions for which a tolerance is not specifiedshall be in accord with ADCI Product Standard Series E1 toE16 inclusive.9. Sampling9.1 An inspection lot shall consist of the production fromeach die or compound die
24、 on each machine for each 24 hduring the first week of normal operation and the productionfor each 48 h thereafter of normal operation. Any significantchange in the machine, composition, die or continuity ofoperation shall be considered as the start of a new lot. Diecastings inspected by this method
25、 shall be so marked orhandled during the finishing operations as not to lose theiridentity.9.2 Each die casting of a randomly selected sample shall beexamined to determine conformance to the requirements withrespect to general quality, dimensions and identification mark-ing. The producer or supplier
26、 may use a system of statisticalquality control for such examinations.9.3 Sampling for Chemical AnalysisRefer to the Samplingsection of Specification B824 and Practice E255 for samplingmethodology.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max (unless shown as a range or min)Copper
27、 Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelincludingCobaltAluminum Manganese Antimony Sulfur Phosphorus SiliconC85470 60.065.0 1.04.0 0.09 Rem 0.20 . 0.101.0 . . . 0.020.25 .C85700 58.064.0A0.501.5 0.81.5 32.040.0 0.7 1.0 0.8 . . . . 0.05C85800 57.0 minA1.5 1.5 31.041.0 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.25 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.25BC86500
28、55.060.0A1.0 0.40 36.042.0 0.402.0 1.0 0.501.5 0.101.5 . . . .C87800 80.0 minA0.25 0.09 12.016.0 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.01 3.84.2B,CC99700 54.0 minA1.0 2.0 19.025.0 1.0 4.06.0 0.503.0 11.015.0 . . . .C99750 55.061.0 . 0.502.5 17.023.0 1.0D5.0 0.253.0 17.023.0 . . . .AIn determining copper m
29、in, copper may be determined as copper plus nickel.BArsenic 0.05 max.CMagnesium 0.01 max.DIron content above the nickel content may cause hard spots resulting in decreased machinability.TABLE 2 Sum of All Named Elements AnalyzedCopper AlloyUNS No.Copper Plus NamedElements, % minC85470 99.5C85700 98.
30、7C85800 98.7C86500 99.0C87800 99.5C99700 99.7C99750 99.7B176 14210. Special Requirements10.1 Internal SoundnessWhen specified, the soundness ofdie castings shall conform to standards or requirements agreedupon between the producer or supplier and the purchaser. Thenumber and extent of imperfections
31、shall not exceed thosespecified by the purchaser. The standards or requirements mayconsist of radiographs, photographs or sectioned die castings.10.2 Imperfections inherent in the die castings shall not because for rejection provided it is demonstrated that the diecastings are in accordance with the
32、 requirements and standardsagreed upon.10.3 WorkmanshipDie castings shall be of uniformquality, free of injurious discontinuities that will adverselyaffect their serviceability.10.4 FinishWhen specified in the contract or purchaseorder the as-cast surface finish required shall conform tostandards ag
33、reed upon between the purchaser and the produceror supplier, or as prescribed in ADCI Product Standard.10.5 Pressure TightnessWhen specified in the contract orpurchase order the pressure tightness of die castings shallconform to standards agreed upon between the purchaser andthe producer or supplier
34、, or as prescribed in ADCI ProductStandard.11. Test Methods11.1 Analytical chemical methods are given in SpecificationB824 (Section 13).11.2 When tension or impact tests are made, the tension testspecimen shown in Fig. 18, Standard Tension Test Specimensfor Die Castings, of Test Methods E8/E8M and t
35、he impact testspecimen shown in Fig. 6, Charpy (Simple-Beam) Impact TestSpecimens, Types A, B, and C, of Test Methods E23, shall beused.11.3 The Rockwell B hardness reading shall be made inaccordance with Test Methods E18.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, the
36、 die cast-ings shall be packaged to provide adequate protection duringnormal handling and transportation. Each package shall con-tain only one type of item unless otherwise agreed upon. Thetype of packaging and gross weight of containers shall, unlessotherwise agreed upon, be at the producers discre
37、tion, pro-vided they are such as to ensure acceptance by common orother carriers for safe transportation at the lowest rate to thedelivery point.12.2 MarkingEach shipping container shall be legiblymarked with the purchase order number, gross and net weights,and the suppliers name or trademark. Marki
38、ng for shipmentshall be in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agenciesand MIL-STD-129 for Military agencies.12.3 PreservationMaterial intended for prolonged storagein unheated locations shall be adequately packed and protectedto avoid deterioration and damage. When specified in thecontract
39、or purchase order, material shall be preserved,packaged, and packed in accordance with the requirements ofMIL-P-116. The applicable levels shall be as specified in thecontract or order.13. Keywords13.1 copper-alloy castings; die castings; UNS No. C85470;UNS No. C85700; UNS No. C85800; UNS No. C86500
40、; UNSNo. C87800; UNS No. C99700; UNS No. C99750APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIESX1.1 The data in Table X1.1 do not constitute a part of thisspecification. They will indicate to the purchaser the mechani-cal properties that may be expected of test specimens whenmad
41、e in a die, the test specimens being cast in a test bar die andconforming to the chemical composition specified. It should bethoroughly understood that the following figures representdie-cast test specimens and not specimens cut from commercialdie-cast parts. In the tension testing of die-cast brass
42、specimens, the rate of stressing up to the yield strength shallnot exceed 100 ksi (700 MPa)/min. Exceedingly slow rates oftesting may result in creep and hence are to be avoided.Beyond the yield strength, the rate of straining shall not exceed0.25 in./in.min measured on the gage length of the specim
43、en.B176 143X2. CHARACTERISTICSX2.1 Table X2.1 shows certain casting and other outstand-ing characteristics which are usually considered when selectinga die casting alloy for a specific application.X3. METRIC EQUIVALENTSX3.1 The SI unit for strength properties (MPa) is in accor-dance with the Interna
44、tional System of Units (SI). The derivedSI unit for force is the newton (N), which is defined as thatforce which when applied to a body having a mass of onekilogram gives it an acceleration of one metre per secondsquared (N = kgm/s2). The derived SI unit for pressure orstress is the newton per squar
45、e metre (N/m2), which has beennamed the pascal (Pa) by the General Conference on Weightsand Measures. Since 1 ksi = 6 894 757 Pa the metric equiva-lents are expressed as megapascal (MPa), which is the same asMN/m2and N/mm2.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected chang
46、es to this standard since the last issue(B17608(2013) that my impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2014.)(1) Added UNS Alloy No. C85470 to Table 1, Table 2 andTable X1.1.(2) Revised Table 1.(3) Added 11.3.(4) Added Test Methods E18 to Referenced Documents 2.1.TABLE X1.1 Typical Mechan
47、ical Properties of Test SpecimensACopper AlloyUNS No.Tensile Strength,ksi (MPa)Yield Strengthpsi (0.2% Offset),ksi (MPa)Elongation in 2 in.,(50 mm) %Impact Strength Charpy,ftlbf (J)Hardness,Rockwell BModulus ofElasticity(103) ksi (GPa)C85470 50 (345) min 21B(150)Bmin 15 min . . .C85800C8780055 (379)
48、85 (586)30 (207)50 (345)152540 (54)70 (95)55 to 6085 to 9015 000 (103)20 000 (138)Aksi = 1000 psi. For explanation of SI unit MPa, see X3.1.B0.5 % Extension under load.TABLE X2.1 Die Casting and Other CharacteristicsNOTE 1Rating Systemthe various alloys are rated 1 to 5 according to the positive to
49、negative qualities in the listed categories. A rating of 1 givesthe best performance, 5 the poorest performance. No one alloy is best in all categories. A rating of 5 in any one or more categories does not rule an alloyout of commercial usefulness if its other attributes are especially favorable. However, ratings of 5 may present manufacturing difficulties.CopperAlloyUNS No.Die Casting Characteristics Other CharacteristicsApproximateMelting PointResistance toHot CrackingPressureTightnessDie FillingCapacityAnti-Solderto DieACorrosionRe
