1、Designation: B194 15Standard Specification forCopper-Beryllium Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requ
3、irements forcopper-beryllium alloy plate, sheet, strip, and rolled bar. Thefollowing alloys are specified:2Copper Alloy Previously Used Commercial Nominal BerylliumUNS No.2Designations Content, %C17000 Alloy 165 1.7C17200 Alloy 25 1.91.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, C
4、opper Alloy UNS No. C17200 shall be the alloyfurnished.1.3 UnitsValues stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following safety haza
5、rd caveat pertains only to thetest method(s) described in the annex of this specification:1.4.1 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract
6、ices and to determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B248 Specification for General Requirements for WroughtCopper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and RolledBarB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper andCopper A
7、lloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified
8、 Numbering System (UNS)3. General Requirements3.1 The following sections of Specification B248 constitutea part of this specification:3.1.1 Terminology3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture3.1.3 Dimensions, Weights, and Permissible Variations3.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance3.1.5 Sampling3.1.6 Numb
9、er of Tests and Retests3.1.7 Specimen Preparation3.1.8 Test Methods3.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits3.1.10 Inspection3.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing3.1.12 Certification3.1.13 Test Report3.1.14 Packaging and Package Marking.3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to thatreferenced
10、in 3.1 above appears in this specification, it containsadditional requirements that supplement those appearing inSpecification B248.4. Terminology4.1 For definitions of terms relating to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following specified cho
11、ices when placingorders for product under this specification as applicable.5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (1.1),5.1.3 Form of material: plate, sheet, strip, or rolled bar,1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand
12、CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.01 on Plate,Sheet, and Strip.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B194 08. DOI:10.1520/B0194-15.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloy
13、s (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orco
14、ntact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.4 Temper (7.1),5.1.5 Dimensions: thickness and width, and length if appli-cable.5.1.6 How furnished: rolls, stock lengths with or withoutends, specific lengths with or without ends,5.1.7 Quantity: total weight or total length or number ofpieces of each
16、 size,5.1.8 Type of edge, if required: slit, sheared, sawed, squarecorners, rounded corners, rounded edges, or full-rounded edges(Specification B248, Section 5.6),5.1.9 Type of width and straightness tolerances, if required:slit-metal tolerances, square-sheared-metal tolerances, sawed-metal toleranc
17、es, straightened or edge-rolled-metal tolerances(Specification B248, Section 5.3),5.1.10 Special thickness tolerances, if required (Specifica-tion B248, Table 3),5.1.11 Tension test or hardness as applicable (Section 8),5.2 The following options are available but may not beincluded unless specified
18、at the time of placing of the orderwhen required:5.2.1 Bend test, if required (Section 11),5.2.2 Grain size or grain count, if required (Section 9 or 10),5.2.3 Certification, if required (see Specification B248,Section 14),5.2.4 Test Report, if required (see Specification B248,Section 15),5.2.5 Spec
19、ial tests or exceptions, if any.5.3 If the product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.Government, see the Supplementary Requirement of Specifi-cation B248 for additional requirements, if specified.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements specifi
20、ed in Table 1 for the copper alloy UNSNo. designation specified in the ordering information.6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. By agreement between manufacturer andpurchaser, limits may be established and analysis required forunnamed elements. Copper is liste
21、d as “remainder,” and maybe taken as the difference between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %. When all elements in Table 1 aredetermined, the sum of the results shall be 99.5 % minimum.7. Temper7.1 The standard tempers for products described in thisspecification are given in Table 2, Table
22、3, Table 4, and Table5.7.1.1 Solution Heat Treated TB00.7.1.2 Solution Heat Treated and Cold Worked TD00 toTD04.7.1.3 Solution Heat Treated and Precipitation Heat TreatedTF00.7.1.4 Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked and PrecipitationHeat Treated TH01 to TH04.7.1.5 Mill Hardened TM00 to TM08.7.1.6 Pl
23、ate is generally available in the TB00, TD04, TF00,and TH04 tempers.8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 For product less than 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) in thickness:8.1.1 Tensile test results shall be the product acceptancecriteria, when tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.8.1.2 The tensile s
24、trength requirements are given in Table 2,Table 3, and Table 4.8.2 For product 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) and greater in thick-ness.8.2.1 Rockwell hardness is the product acceptance criteria,when tested in accordance with Test Methods E18.8.2.2 The referee product rejection criteria shall be tensiletest re
25、sults, when tested in accordance with Test MethodsE8/E8M.8.2.3 Rockwell hardness and tensile strength requirementsare given in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4.8.3 Product, as specified in 7.1, shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 2, in the solution heat-treated,or solution heat-treated
26、and cold-worked conditions, and inTable 3, after precipitation heat-treatment or Table 4 in themill-hardened condition. Precipitation heat-treatment param-eters for Table 2 and Table 3 are shown in Section 12.9. Grain Size9.1 Material over 0.010 in. (0.254 mm) in thickness shallhave an average grain
27、 size in accordance with Test MethodsE112, not exceeding the limits specified in Table 5. Thedeterminations are made on the separate samples and in a planeperpendicular to the surface and perpendicular to the directionof rolling.10. Grain Count10.1 The grain count of a sample of material, in any tem
28、per,over 0.004 to 0.010 in. (0.102 to 0.254 mm), inclusive, inthickness shall not be less than the limits specified in Table 6.10.2 Grain count is the number of grains per stockthickness, averaged for five locations one stock thickness apart.Grain count shall be determined in a plane perpendicular t
29、o thesurface and perpendicular to the direction of rolling.11. Bend-Test Requirements11.1 The optional bend test is a method for evaluating theductility of precipitation heat-treated copper-beryllium strip inthin gages.11.2 When specified in the order (see 5.1.6), material in anytemper 0.004 to 0.02
30、0 in. (0.102 to 0.508 mm), inclusive, inTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, %Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17000Copper Alloy UNSNo. C17200Beryllium 1.601.85 1.802.00Additive elements:Nickel + cobalt, min 0.20 0.20Nickel + cobalt + iron, max 0.6 0.6Aluminum, max 0.20 0.20Silicon, max 0.20 0.20Cop
31、per remainder remainderB194 152thickness shall conform to the requirements specified in Table7, when tested in accordance with 14.2.11.3 Five specimens,38 6116 in. (9.53 6 1.59 mm) inwidth, of any convenient length, with the rolling directionparallel to the38-in. dimension, shall be precipitation he
32、at-treated in accordance with 12.2. To pass the bend test, at leastfour specimens out of five, and at least 80 % of the totalspecimens tested from a lot shall withstand the 90 bendwithout visible crack or fracture, when tested in accordancewith 15.3.12. Precipitation Heat-Treatment12.1 Solution-heat
33、-treated or solution-heat-treated and cold-worked material is normally precipitation hardened by thepurchaser after forming or machining. For the purpose ofdetermining conformance to specified mechanical properties ofTable 3, a sample of the as-supplied material shall be heattreated as shown in Tabl
34、e 8. Other heat treating temperaturesand times may be preferred for end products of this material.TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements for Material in the Solution-Heat-Treated or Solution-Heat-Treated and Cold-WorkedConditionTemper DesignationAMaterial Thickness, in. (mm)Tensile Strength,ksiB(M
35、Pa)CElongationDin2 in. or 50 mm,min,%Rockwell HardnessECode Former Over Incl B Scale 30T Scale 15T ScaleTB00 A . . 6078 (415540) 35 4578 4667 7585TD0114 H . 0.188 (4.78) 7588 (520610) 15 6890 6275 8389TD0212 H . 0.188 (4.78) 85100 (585690) 9 8896 7479 8891TD04 H . 0.188 (4.78) 100130 (690895) 2 9610
36、4 7983 9194TD04 H 0.188 (4.78) 0.375 (9.53) 90130 (620895) . 91103 77 min 90 minTD04 H 0.375 (9.53) 1.000 (25.4) 90120 (620825) . 90102 . .TD04 H over 1.000 (25.4) 85115 (585790) 8 88102 . .AStandard designations defined in Classification B601.Bksi = 1000 psi.CSee Appendix X1.DElongation requirement
37、 applies to material 0.004 in. (0.102 mm) and thicker.EThe thickness of material that may be tested by use of the Rockwell hardness scales is as follows:B Scale0.040 in. (1.016 mm) and over30T Scale0.020 to 0.040 in. (0.508 to 1.016 mm), excl.15T Scale0.015 to 0.020 in. (0.381 to 0.508 mm), excl.Har
38、dness values shown apply only to direct determinations, not converted values.TABLE 3 Mechanical Property Requirements After Precipitation Heat-TreatmentATemper Designation Material Thickness, in. (mm)Tensile Strength,ksiB(MPa)CYield Strength,ksi (MPa), min,0.2 % OffsetElongation in2 in. (50 mm),min,
39、 %DRockwell Hardness,EminCode Former Over Incl C Scale 30N Scale 15N ScaleCopper Alloy UNS No. C17000TF00 AT . 0.188 (4.78) 150180F(10351240) 130 (895) 3 33 53 76.5TF00 AT 0.188 (4.78) . 165195F(11401345) 130 (895) 3 36 56 78TH0114 HT . . 160190F(11051310) 135 (930) 2.5 35 55 77TH0212 HT . . 170200F
40、(11701380) 145 (1000) 1 37 57 78.5TH04 HT . . 180210F(12401450) 155 (1070) 1 38 58 79.5Copper Alloy UNS No. C17200TF00 AT . . 165195F(11401345) 140 (965) 3 36 56 78TH0114 HT . 0.188 (4.78) 175205F(12051415) 150 (1035) 2.5 36 56 79TH0212 HT . 0.188 (4.78) 185215F(12751480) 160 (1105) 1 38 58 79.5TH04
41、 HT . 0.188 (4.78) 190220F(13101520) 165 (1140) 1 38 58 80TH04 HT 0.188 (4.78) 0.375 (9.53) 180215F(12401480) 160 (1105) 1 38 58 80TH04 HT 0.375 (9.53) 1.000 (25.4) 180210F(12401450) 155 (1070) 1 38 . .TH04 HT 1.000 (25.4) 2.000 (50.8) 175205F(12051415) 150 (1035) 2 37 . .TH04 HT over 2.000 (50.8) 1
42、65200F(11401380) 130 (895) 2 36 . .AThese values apply to mill products (Section 14). See 12.3 for exceptions in end products.Bksi = 1000 psi.CSee Appendix X1.DElongation requirement applies to material 0.004 in. (0.102 mm) and thicker.EThe thickness of material that may be tested by use of the Rock
43、well Hardness scales is as follows:C Scale0.040 in. (1.016 mm) and over30N Scale.0.020 to 0.040 in. (0.508 to 1.016 mm), excl.15N Scale.0.015 to 0.02 in. (0.381 to 0.508 mm), excl.Hardness values shown apply only to direct determinations, not converted values.FThe upper limits in the tensile strengt
44、h column are for design guidance only.B194 15312.2 The solution-heat-treated and cold-worked test speci-mens shall be heat treated at a uniform temperature of 600 to675F (316 to 357C) for the time shown in Table 8.12.3 Special combinations of properties such as increasedductility, electrical conduct
45、ivity, dimensional accuracy, endur-ance life, and resistance to elastic drift and hysteresis in springsmay be obtained by special precipitation-hardening heat treat-ments. The mechanical requirements of Table 3 do not apply tosuch special heat treatments.12.4 Mill-hardened products have been precipi
46、tation heat-treated by the manufacturer. Further thermal treatment is notnormally required.13. Sampling13.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with SpecificationB248, Section 7, except that the heat size is defined as 12 000lbs (5455 kg) or fraction thereof.14. Specimen Preparation14.1 The tension spec
47、imen direction shall have the longitu-dinal test-axis parallel to the rolling direction, unless mutuallyagreed upon between the supplier and purchaser at the time theorder is placed.14.2 When required, five bend-test specimens per test setshall be cut38 6116 in. (9.53 6 1.59 mm) in width and anyconv
48、enient length. Specimens shall be precipitation heat-treated after cutting and prior to testing. Precipitation heat-treatment parameters for these bend tests shall be in accordancewith 12.2.TABLE 4 Strip Mechanical Property RequirementsMill-Hardened ConditionATemper DesignationTensile Strength,ksiB(
49、MPa)CYield Strength,ksi (MPa),0.2 % OffsetElongation in2 in. (50 mm),min, %DRockwell Hardness,EminCode FormerBC Scale 30N Scale 15N ScaleCopper Alloy UNS No. C17000TM00 AM 100110F(690760) 7095 (485655) 18 18 37 67.5TM0114 HM 110120F(760825) 80110 (550760) 15 20 42 70TM0212 HM 120135F(825930) 95125 (655860) 12 24 45 72TM04 HM 135150F(9301035) 110135 (760930) 9 28 48 75TM05 SHM 150160F(10351100) 125140 (860965) 9 31 52 75.5TM06 XHM 155175F(10701205) 135165 (9301140) 3 32 52 76Copp
