1、Designation: B22/B22M 131B22/B22M 14Standard Specification forBronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B22/B22M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1 NOTEDesignation was corrected editorially in O
3、ctober 2013.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes requirements for bronze castings for turntables, movable bridges and bridge parts, and bronzecastings suitable for use in bridges and other structures for fixed and expansion bearings in which motion is slow and intermittent.The following Coppe
4、r Alloys are specified: UNS No. C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.NOTE 1Historically, the alloys in this specification have been used in the applications listed in Appendix X1. Actual practice may vary.21.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separate
5、ly as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns
6、, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the Book of St
7、andards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and ContinuousCastingsB824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy CastingsB846 Terminol
8、ogy for Copper and Copper AlloysE9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Materials at Room TemperatureE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metal
9、s and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.4. General Requirements4.1 The following sections of Specification B824 form a part of this specification. In the event of a conflict between thisspecifica
10、tion and Specification B824, the requirements of this specification shall take precedence.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castingsand Ingots for Remelting.Current edition appro
11、ved April 1, 2013April 1, 2014. Published April 2013May 2014. Originally approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 asB22 09B0022/B22M 1321. DOI: 10.1520/B0022_B0022M-13E01.10.1520/B0022_B0022M-14.This specification was prepared in cooperation with representatives of the American A
12、ssociation of State Highway Officials and the American Railway EngineeringAssociation.2 The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of aprefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be use
13、d to accommodate composition variations of the base alloy.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.Thi
14、s document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editio
15、ns as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
16、United States14.1.1 Terminology (Section 3),4.1.2 Other Requirements (Section 7),4.1.3 Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations (Section 8),4.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance (Section 9),4.1.5 Sampling (Section 10),4.1.6 Number of Tests and Retests (Section 11),4.1.7 Specimen Preparation
17、(Section 12),4.1.8 Test Methods (Section 13),4.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits (Section 14),4.1.10 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing (Section 16),4.1.12 Certification (Section 17),4.1.13 Test Report (Section 18),4.1.14 Product Marking (Section 19),4.1.15 Packaging and Packa
18、ge Marking (Section 20),4.1.16 Keywords (Section 21), and4.1.17 Supplementary Requirements.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing order for castings products under this specification:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example, B22-95),5.1.2 Number of cas
19、tings or total weight, for each size and form,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS Number (see Table 1), and5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and condition (as-cast, machined, and so forth).5.1.5 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S. government, the Supplementary Requirements in Specification B824may
20、be specified.5.2 The following are optional and should be specified in the purchase order when required:5.2.1 Chemical analysis of residual elements (see 7.6),5.2.2 Soundness requirements (Specification B824),5.2.3 Certification (Specification B824),5.2.4 Foundry test report (Specification B824),5.2
21、.5 Witness inspection (Specification B824), and5.2.6 Product marking (Specification B824).TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max, except as indicatedMajor Elements Residual ElementsCopper Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelIncludingCobaltAlumi-numMan-ganese IronAnti-monyNickelIncl.Cob
22、altSulfurPhos-pho-rusAlu-mi-numSili-conC86300 60.066.0A 0.20 0.20 22.028.0 2.04.0 . 5.07.5 2.55.0 . . 1.0 . . . .C90500 86.089.0A 9.011.0 0.30 1.03.0 . 1.0 . . 0.20 0.20 . 0.05 0.05B 0.005 0.005C91100 82.085.0A 15.017.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50 . . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B 0.005 0.005C91300 79.082.0A 18.020.0
23、0.25 0.25 . 0.50 . . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B 0.005 0.005C93700 78.082.0 9.011.0 8.011.0 0.8 . 0.50 . . 0.7C 0.50 . 0.08 0.10B 0.005 0.005TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max, except as indicatedCopper Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelIncludingCobaltAluminum Manganese Antimony Sulfur
24、 Phosphorus SiliconC86300 60.066.0 0.20 0.20 22.028.0 2.04.0 1.0A 5.07.5 2.55.0 . . . .C90500 86.089.0 9.011.0 0.30 1.03.0 0.20 1.0A 0.005 . 0.20 0.05 0.05B 0.005C91100 82.085.0 15.017.0 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.50A 0.005 . 0.20 0.05 1.0B 0.005C91300 79.082.0 18.020.0 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.50A 0.005 . 0.20 0.05
25、1.0B 0.005C93700 78.082.0 9.011.0 8.011.0 0.8 0.7C 0.50A 0.005 . 0.50 0.08 0.10B 0.005A In determining copper minimum, copper may be calculated as copper plus nickel.B For continuous castings, phosphorus shall be 1.5 % max.C FeIron shall be .350.35 % max. when used for steel-backed.Editorially corre
26、cted.B22/B22M 1426. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material(s):6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be a casting of Copper Alloy UNS No.(s) C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300, orC93700 of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing in to the products prescribed herein.6.1.2 In the event
27、heat identification or traceability is required, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by such casting methods to produce a uniform finished product.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The castings shall conform to the compositional requiremen
28、ts for named elements as shown in Table 1 for the CopperAlloyUNS Numbers specified in the purchase order.7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits may be established and analysis requiredfor unnamed elements agreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier
29、 and the purchaser.7.3 Copper or zinc may be taken as the difference between the sum of all elements determined and 100 % for CopperAlloy UNSNo. C86300.7.4 Copper may be taken as the difference between the sum of all elements determined and 100 % for Copper Alloy UNS Nos.C90500, C91100, C91300, and
30、C93700.7.5 When all named elements listed in Table 1 are determined their sum shall be as given in Table 2.7.6 It is recognized that residual elements may be present in cast copper-base alloys. Analysis shall be made for residualelements only when specified in the inquiry or purchase order.8. Mechan
31、ical Property Requirements8.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from castings (continuous casting method) or separately cast test bars (sand,centrifugal, etc., casting methods) and shall meet the requirements shown in Table 3.8.2 The deformation limit in compression shall be determined as th
32、at load which produces a permanent set of 0.001 in. 0.025mm in the compression test specimen described in 9.3.8.3 The yield strength in tension shall be determined as the stress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is, 0.01in. 0.254 mm in a gage length of 2 in. 50.8 mm.8.4 Finished cast
33、ings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 shall be tested for Brinell hardness.8.5 One compression test shall be made from each lot for CopperAlloy UNS Nos. C91100 and C91300 castings and one tensiontest from each lot for CopperAlloy UNS No. C90500 castings. For CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300 castings, one te
34、nsion test, onecompression test, and two hardness tests shall be made for each four castings from the same lot and the same pattern. For castingsof any grade weighing over 100 lb 45 kg finished, the specified tests shall be made for each casting.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be accordance with the r
35、equirements of Practice E255.9.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 test bar castings shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 ofPractice B208. For all other alloys listed in this specification, test bars shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 2,Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 o
36、f Practice B208.9.3 Compression test must be performed in accordance with Test Methods E9 for Copper Alloys UNS No. C86300, C91100,and C91300. The specimens shall be cast as an integral part of the casting and shall be fed and cooled under the same conditionsas the casting.TABLE 2 Sum of All Named E
37、lements AnalyzedCopper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus Named Elements, % minC86300 99.0C90500 99.7C91100 99.4C91300 99.4C93700 99.0B22/B22M 14310. Test Methods10.1 Analytical chemical methods are given in Specification B824.10.2 Brinell hardness testing of Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 castings shall be perf
38、ormed in accordance with Test MethodE10 with the exception that the load shall be 3000 kg and shall be applied for 30 s to a finished plane surface.10.3 Test methods to be followed for the determination of elements resulting from contractual or purchase order agreement shallbe as agreed upon between
39、 the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.11. Casting Repair11.1 The castings shall not be repaired without approval of the purchaser.12. Keywords12.1 bridge plates; bronze castings; copper-alloy castings; copper-base alloy castings; expansion bearingsAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. AP
40、PLICATIONS FOR ALLOYS IN THIS STANDARDX1.1 The alloys in this specification have historically been used in the following applications. This information is provided for“information only” and should not be considered as recommendations.X1.1.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91300 (Formerly Alloy A)For contact w
41、ith hardened steel disks at low speeds under pressuresnot over 3 ksi 20 MPa, for example, disk-bearing metals used in center-bearing swing bridges.X1.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91100 (Formerly Alloy B)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds under pressuresnot over 2.5 ksi 17 MPa, for exam
42、ple, disk-bearing metals used in turntable and center-bearing swing bridges; for contact withTABLE 3 A Mechanical Requirements (As Sand Cast)Temper Copper AlloyUNS No. Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, min Elongation in2 in. 50 mm, % Brinell Hardness,minCompression
43、DeformationLimit, minksiA MPaB ksiA MPaB ksiA MPaBM01 C86300 110 760 60 415 12 223 3000 kg 55 380M01 C90500 40 275 18 125 20 . . .M01 C91100 35C 240C 25C 170C 2C 135C 18 125M01 C91300 35C 240C 30C 205C 0C 170C 24 165M01 C93700 30 205 12 85 15 . . .TABLE 3 B Mechanical Requirements (As Centrifugal Ca
44、st)Temper Copper AlloyUNS No. Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, min Elongation in2 in. 50 mm, % Brinell Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA MPaB ksiA MPaB ksiA MPaBM02 C86300 110 760 60 415 12 223 3000 kg 55 380M02 C90500 40 275 18 125 20 . . .M02 C911
45、00 . . . . . . 18 125M02 C91300 . . . . . . 24 165M02 C93700 30 205 12 85 15 . . .TABLE 3 C Mechanical Requirements (As Continuous Cast)Temper Copper AlloyUNS No. Tensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, at 0.5 % ExtensionUnder Load, min Elongation in2 in. 50 mm, % Brinell Hardness,minCompression Defor
46、mationLimit, minksiA MPaB ksiA MPaB ksiA MPaBM07 C86300 110 760 62 425 14 55 380M07 C90500 44 305 25 170 10 . . .M07 C91100 . . . . . . 18 125M07 C91300 . . . . . 160 24 165M07 C93700 35 240 20 140 6 . . .A 1 ksi = 1000 psi.B See Appendix X1.C TYP Value.B22/B22M 144steel (tensile strength 60 ksi 415
47、 MPa, min) at low speeds under pressures not over 1.5 ksi 10 MPa, for example, trunnions ofmovable bridges; and for bearing and expansion plates under pressures not to exceed 2.5 ksi.X1.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500 (Formerly Alloy D)For gears, worm wheels, nuts, and similar parts that are subject
48、edto other than compressive stresses.X1.1.4 Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 (Formerly Alloy E)For bushings for bridge pins and similar applications in which angularmovement is slight and compressive stresses may attain 8 ksi 55 MPa.X1.1.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C93700 (Formerly Alloy C)For ordinary machin
49、ery bearings and for bearing and expansionplates under pressures not to exceed 1 ksi 6.9 MPa.X2. METRIC EQUIVALENTSX2.1 The SI unit for strength properties now shown is in accordance with the International System of Units (SI). The derived SIunit for force is the newton (N), which is defined as that force which, when applied to a body having a mass of 1 kg, gives it anacceleration of 1 m/s2 (N = kgm/s2). The derived SI unit
