1、Designation: B299 08B299 13Standard Specification forTitanium Sponge1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B299; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indic
2、ates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the purchase of virgin titanium metal melting stock. sponge metal. This virgin metal is commonlydesignated as sponge titanium sponge bec
3、ause it is most commonly porous and spongelikesponge-like in texture, although metalproduced electrolytically is granular and is essentially nonporous.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units tha
4、t are provided for information only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionTechniqueE1447 Te
5、st Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion ThermalConductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion AnalysisE2371 Test Method forAnalysis of Titanium an
6、d TitaniumAlloys byAtomic Emission Plasma Spectrometry (Withdrawn 2013)33. Terminology3.1 Lot Definitions:3.1.1 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blend produced at one time.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Sponge titaniumTitanium sponge is usually prepared by reduction of titanium tetrachlorid
7、e and gets its spongelikesponge-like character from the processes involved in production. This spongy characteristic, however, is not considered essential and maybe expected to vary greatly with manufacturing methods. For example, virgin titanium produced electrolytically is crystalline orgranular i
8、n character and is essentially nonporous. The metal is usually supplied in lump or granular form. This specification,however, is not limited to metal prepared by reduction of the tetrachloride.4.2 This specification is not limited to metal prepared by reduction of the tetrachloride.4.3 Only virgin t
9、itanium, free of scrap and intentionally added contaminants, shall be supplied under this specification. It shallbe supplied in uniform, well-mixed blends, each of which shall be clearly designated. Particle size requirements shall be a matterof agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.5
10、. Chemical Composition5.1 The titanium sponge metal supplied underpurchased to this specification shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements prescribed in Table 1.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the d
11、irect responsibility of SubcommitteeB10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008May 15, 2013. Published December 2008June 2013. Originally approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 asB299 - 07.B299 08. DOI: 10.1520/B0299-08.10.1520/B0299-13.2 For referencedASTM standar
12、ds, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.Thi
13、s document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editio
14、ns as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Hardness6.1 Brinell hardness testing is optional
15、 unless requested by the purchaser. The Brinell Hardness of a lot shall be the average ofthe hardness determinations on each button prepared as described in 5.17.1.2. The average hardness of each button for the lot shallnot exceed the values specified in Table 1. Measurement shall be in accordance w
16、ith Test Method E10, using a 0.394 in. (10-mm)ball, 3307-lbf (1500-kgf) load, and 30-s dwell.7. Sampling7.1 The sampling method used shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The following areacceptable industrial practices:purchaser, but shall be such that the analy
17、sis is representative of the sponge lot. The following isone acceptable industrial practice:7.1.1 The blend shall be sampled as required in 7.1.2 and 7.1.3 unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.7.1.1 The sample for determining the conformance of the lot to the chemic
18、al and physical requirements shall be obtained bysampling the lot to produce a 0.25 % sample but not less than 30 lb (14 kg) providing the lot is crushed to a particle size of 1 in.(25.4 mm) or less in size. The blended evaluation sample shall be split to produce two or more samples 0.1 lb (45 g) or
19、 more each,to be melted into buttons, and one sample of at least 0.5 lb (227 g).7.1.2 The buttons shall be melted in a furnace under an inert-gas atmosphere. The resulting 0.1-lb (45-g) buttons shall bechecked for Brinell hardness and samples shall be taken from each button for the required chemical
20、 analysis. analysis (Table 1).The 0.5-lb (227-g) sample shall be used for the metal, chlorine,chloride, hydrogen, and moisture (water) analysis.8. Retests8.1 If the results of any test lot are not in conformance with the requirements of this specification, the lot may be retested atthe option of the
21、 manufacturer. The frequency of the retest will double the initial number of tests. If the results of the retest conformto this specification, then the retest values will become the test values for certification. If the results of the retest fail to conformto this specification, the material will be
22、 rejected in accordance with Section 9.All test values, original and retest, shall be reportedto the purchaser.9. Report of Analysis Certification9.1 The manufacturer shall supply at least one copy ofAproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser.The certification will sta
23、te the manufacturing method employed and the grade of titanium sponge produced (as per Table 1thereport showing the results of chemical analysis and hardness tests on the material supplied.). In addition, the certification will statethat the sampling and testing was performed in accordance with this
24、 specification and has been found to meet the requirementstherein. A report of the results, including Brinell Hardness if required, shall be furnished with the certification.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElement Weight by % (Dry Basis)GPA ELB SLC MLD MDENitrogen, max 0.02 0.008 0.015 0.015 0.015Carbo
25、n, max 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Sodium, max F 0.10 0.19 . .Magnesium, max F 0.08 . 0.50 0.08Aluminum, max 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.05 .Chloride, max 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.12Iron, max 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.12Silicon, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Hydrogen, max 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.010Water, max 0.02 0.02 0.02
26、0.02 0.02Oxygen, max 0.15 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10Chromium, max . . . . 0.06GNickel, max . . . . 0.05GAll other impurities (total), maxTitanium, balance (nominal)0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainderBrinell hardness, max 140 110 120 140 140A GPA general purpose grade, either m
27、agnesium or sodium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep, or both.B ELElectrolytic produced.C SLSodium reduced and finished by leaching.D MLMagnesium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep.E MDMagnesium reduced and finished by distillation.F Sodium or magnesium, max 0.50 %
28、.G The chemical requirements for grade MD sponge have been modified to reflect the use of stainless steel production vessels, which are the norm for this grade of sponge.The use of stainless steel necessarily now incorporates unavoidable chromium and nickel contaminants. These contaminants do not al
29、ter the basic property requirementsof the sponge. However, it is necessary to incorporate these two unavoidable contaminants into the chemical requirements for this grade, just as the other unavoidablecontaminants have been assigned maximum permissible levels.B299 13210. Methods of Chemical Analysis
30、10.1 The methods of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods E1409, E1447, E1941, or E2371 or by other methodsas agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Moisture content shall be determined by any current acceptableindustrial practice.10.2 Where test methods do not exist, th
31、e supplier will determine the technique(s) unless otherwise required by the purchaser.11. Rejection11.1 Material not conforming to this specification or to authorized modifications shall be subject to rejection. Unless otherwisespecified, rejected material may be returned to the manufacturer at the
32、manufacturers expense, unless the purchaser receives,within 3 weeks of the notice of rejection, other instructions for disposition.12. Referee Test and Analysis12.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this s
33、pecification, a mutually acceptable referee shall perform the tests in question. The referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to this specification.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 The method of packaging shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purc
34、haser. The size and nature of thecontainers used are generally determined by the time and length of storage and the amount of handling involved. Where a firehazard or sponge deterioration during prolonged storage are primary considerations, titanium sponge should be packed in air-tight,moisture-proo
35、f, sealed metal cans or drums of a type suitable for shipment at the lowest rate by common carrier. Tightly sealedfiber drums are considered adequate where handling is at a minimum and usage is rather prompt.14. Keywords14.1 titanium; titanium spongeASTM International takes no position respecting th
36、e validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard i
37、s subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Hea
38、dquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This st
39、andard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).B299 133
