1、Designation: B338 14Standard Specification forSeamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubesfor Condensers and Heat Exchangers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This speci
3、fication2covers the requirements for 28grades of titanium and titanium alloy tubing intended forsurface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers, as fol-lows:1.1.1 Grade 1UNS R50250. Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade 2UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade 2HUNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium(Gra
4、de 2 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),1.1.3 Grade 3UNS R50550. Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade 7UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12to 0.25 % palladium,1.1.4.1 Grade 7HUNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus0.12 to 0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi (400 MPa)minimum UTS),1.1.5 Grade 9UNS R56320.
5、 Titanium alloy (3 %aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium),1.1.6 Grade 11UNS R52250. Unalloyed titanium plus0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,1.1.7 Grade 12UNS R53400. Titanium alloy (0.3 %molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel),1.1.8 Grade 13UNS R53413. Titanium alloy (0.5 %nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),1.1.9 Grade 14UNS R53414. Titanium
6、 alloy (0.5 %nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),1.1.10 Grade 15UNS R53415. Titanium alloy (0.5 %nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),1.1.11 Grade 16UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.11.1 Grade 16HUNS R52402. Unalloyed titaniumplus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi (400MPa) min
7、imum UTS),1.1.12 Grade 17UNS R52252. Unalloyed titanium plus0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.13 Grade 18UNS R56322. Titanium alloy (3 %aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.14 Grade 26UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.14.1 Grade 26HUNS R52404. Unalloye
8、d titaniumplus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi (400MPa) minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade 27UNS R52254. Unalloyed titanium plus0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.16 Grade 28UNS R56323. Titanium alloy (3 %aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.17 Grade 30UNS R53530. Titanium all
9、oy (0.3 %cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),1.1.18 Grade 31UNS R53532. Titanium alloy (0.3 %cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),1.1.19 Grade 33UNS R53442. Titanium alloy (0.4 %nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 %chromium),1.1.20 Grade 34UNS R53445. Titanium alloy (0.4 %nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025
10、% ruthenium, 0.15 %chromium),1.1.21 Grade 35UNS R56340. Titanium alloy (4.5 %aluminum, 2 % molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron,0.3 % silicon),1.1.22 Grade 36UNS R58450. Titanium alloy (45 %niobium),1.1.23 Grade 37UNS R52815. Titanium alloy (1.5 %aluminum),1.1.24 Grade 38UNS R54250. Titanium alloy
11、 (4 %aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium, 1.5 % iron), and1.1.25 Grade 39UNS R53390. Titanium alloy (0.25 %iron, 0.4 % silicon).NOTE 1H grade material is identical to the corresponding numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteedminimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting
12、 the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintended primarily for pressure vessel use.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical1This specification is under the jurisdiction of AST
13、M Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2014. Published January 2014. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B338 13a. DOI:10.1520/B0338-14.2For ASM
14、E Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SB-338 in Section II of that Code.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1conversions
15、to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in
16、Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitro-gen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas FusionE1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Tita-nium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion ThermalConductivity/Infrared Detect
17、ion MethodE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and TheirAlloys by CombustionAnalysisE2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively CoupledPlasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Test Me
18、thodology)E2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Lot Definitions:3.1.1 castings, na lot shall consist of all castings producedfrom the same pour.3.1.2 ingot, nno definition required.3.1.3 rounds, flats, tubes, and wrought powder metallurgicalproducts
19、 (single definition, common to nuclear and non-nuclear standards), na lot shall consist of a material of thesame size, shape, condition, and finish produced from the sameingot or powder blend by the same reduction schedule and thesame heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreedbetween manufac
20、turer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited tothe product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or toa single furnace load for final batch anneal.3.1.4 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blendproduced at one time.3.1.5 weld fittings, ndefinition is to be mutually agreedupon between man
21、ufacturer and the purchaser.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include thefollowing information, as required:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Grade number (Section 1),4.1.3 Diameter and wall thickness (Note 2) (Section 12),4.1.4 Length (Section 12),4.1.5 Method of manufac
22、ture and finish (Sections 5 and 13),4.1.6 Restrictive chemistry, if desired (Section 6 andTable 1),4.1.7 Product analysis, if desired (Section 7 and Table 2),4.1.8 Special mechanical properties, if desired (Section 8and Table 3),4.1.9 Nondestructive tests (Section 11),4.1.10 Packaging (Section 23),4
23、.1.11 Inspection (Section 17), and4.1.12 Certification (Section 21).NOTE 2Tube is available to specified outside diameter and wallthickness. Average OD and wall are the standard. Maximum or minimumOD or wall should be stated.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Seamless tube shall be made from hollow bil
24、let by anycold reducing or cold drawing process that will yield a productmeeting the requirements of this specification. Seamless tube isproduced with a continuous periphery in all stages of manu-facturing operations.5.2 Welded tube shall be made from annealed, flat-rolledproduct by an automatic arc
25、-welding process or other methodof welding that will yield a product meeting the tensilerequirements found in Table 3 of this specification. Weldedtubing shall be heat treated by at least a stress relief afterforming and welding. Use of filler material is not permitted.5.3 Welded/cold worked tube (W
26、CS) shall be made fromwelded tube manufactured as specified in 5.2. The welded tubeshall be sufficiently cold worked to final size in order totransform the cast weld microstructure into a typical equiaxedmicrostructure in the weld upon subsequent heat treatment.The product shall meet the requirement
27、s for seamless tube ofthis specification.5.4 Grades 9, 18 and 28, which, at the option of thepurchaser, can be furnished in either the annealed or the coldworked and stress relieved condition, defined as at a minimumtemperature of 600F (316C) for not less than 30 min.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The
28、titanium shall conform to the chemical require-ments prescribed in Table 1.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements that are inherent to the manufacture oftitanium sponge, ingot, or mill product.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified,
29、analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and the purchaserand requested by the purchaser in the written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.7. Product Analysis7.1 When requested
30、 by the purchaser and stated in thepurchase order, product analysis for any elements listed inTable 1 shall be made on the completed product.7.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 are deemedto be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 1 by, andonly by way of, unregulated or un
31、analyzed scrap additions to3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.B338 142TABLE1ChemicalRequirements
32、Composition,WeightPercentA,B,C,D,EGradeUNSNumberCarbon,max.Oxygenrangeormax.Nitrogen,max.Hydrogen,max.Ironrangeormax.AluminumVanadiumPalladiumRutheniumNickelMolybdenumChromiumCobaltZirconiumNiobiumTinSiliconOtherElements,max. eachOtherElements,max.total1R502500.080.180.030.0150.20-0.10.42/2HR504000.
33、080.250.030.0150.30-0.10.43R505500.080.350.050.0150.30-0.10.47/7HR524000.080.250.030.0150.30-0.12-0.25-0.10.49R563200.080.150.030.0150.252.5-3.52.0-3.0-0.10.411R522500.080.180.030.0150.20-0.12-0.25-0.10.412R534000.080.250.030.0150.30-0.6-0.90.2-0.4-0.10.413R534130.080.100.030.0150.20-0.04-0.060.4-0.
34、6-0.10.414R534140.080.150.030.0150.30-0.04-0.060.4-0.6-0.10.415R534150.080.250.050.0150.30-0.04-0.060.4-0.6-0.10.416/16HR524020.080.250.030.0150.30-0.04-0.08-0.10.417R522520.080.180.030.0150.20-0.04-0.08-0.10.418R563220.080.150.030.0150.252.5-3.52.0-3.00.04-0.08-0.10.426/26HR524040.080.250.030.0150.
35、30-0.08-0.14-0.10.427R522540.080.180.030.0150.20-0.08-0.14-0.10.428R563230.080.150.030.0150.252.5-3.52.0-3.0-0.08-0.14-0.10.431R535320.080.350.050.0150.30-0.04-0.08-0.20-0.80-0.10.433R534420.080.250.030.0150.30-0.01-0.020.02-0.040.35-0.55-0.1-0.2-0.10.434R534450.080.350.050.0150.30-0.01-0.020.02-0.0
36、40.35-0.55-0.1-0.2-0.10.435R563400.080.250.050.0150.20-0.804.0-5.01.1-2.1-1.5-2.5-0.20-0.400.10.436R584500.040.160.030.0150.03-42.0-47.0-0.10.437R528150.080.250.030.0150.301.0-2.0-0.10.4B338 143TABLE1ContinuedComposition,WeightPercentA,B,C,D,EGradeUNSNumberCarbon,max.Oxygenrangeormax.Nitrogen,max.Hy
37、drogen,max.Ironrangeormax.AluminumVanadiumPalladiumRutheniumNickelMolybdenumChromiumCobaltZirconiumNiobiumTinSiliconOtherElements,max. eachOtherElements,max.total38R542500.080.20-0.300.030.0151.2-1.83.5-4.52.0-3.0-0.10.439R533900.080.150.030.0150.15-0.400.30-0.500.10.4AAtminimum,theanalysisofsamples
38、fromthetopandbottomoftheingotshallbecompletedandreportedforallelementslistedfortherespectivegradeinthistable.BFinalproducthydrogenshallbereported.Ingothydrogenneednotbereported.Lowerhydrogenmaybeobtainedbynegotiationwiththemanufacturer.CSinglevaluesaremaximum.Thepercentageoftitaniumisdeterminedbydif
39、ference.DOtherelementsneednotbereportedunlesstheconcentrationlevelisgreaterthan0.1%each,or0.4%total.Otherelementsmaynotbeaddedintentionally.Otherelementsmaybepresentintitaniumortitaniumalloysinsmallquantitiesandareinherenttothemanufacturingprocess.Intitaniumtheseelementstypicallyincludealuminum,vana
40、dium,tin,chromium,molybdenum,niobium,zirconium,hafnium,bismuth,ruthenium,palladium,yttrium,copper,silicon,cobalt,tantalum,nickel,boron,manganese,andtungsten.EThepurchasermay,inthewrittenpurchaseorder,requestanalysisforspecificelementsnotlistedinthisspecification.B338 144the ingot melt. Therefore, pr
41、oduct analysis for elements notlisted in Table 1 shall not be required unless specified and shallbe considered to be in excess of the intent of this specification.7.2 Product analysis tolerances, listed in Table 2,donotbroaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between dif
42、ferent laboratories in the measurement ofchemical content. The manufacturer shall not ship the finishedproduct that is outside the limits specified in Table 1 for theapplicable grade.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 The room temperature tensile properties of the tube inthe condition normally supplied shal
43、l conform to the require-ments prescribed in Table 3. Mechanical properties for condi-tions other than those given in this table may be established byagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. (SeeTest Methods E8.)9. Flattening Test9.1 Tubing shall withstand, without cracking, flatteningu
44、nder a load applied gradually at room temperature until thedistance between the load platens is not more than H in. H iscalculated as follows:H, in. mm! 511e!te1t/D(1)where:H = the minimum flattened height, in. (mm),t = the nominal wall thickness, in. (mm), andD = the nominal tube diameter, in. (mm)
45、.For Grades 1, 2, 2H, 7, 7H, 11, 13, 14, 16, 16H, 17, 26, 26H,27, 30, 33, and 39:e 5 0.07 in. for all diameters (2)For Grade 3, 31, and 34:e 5 0.04 through 1 in. diameter (3)e 5 0.06 over 1 in. diameter (4)For Grades 9, 12, 15, 18, 28, 35, 36, 37, and 38:e shall be negotiated between the producer an
46、d the purchaser.9.1.1 For welded tubing, the weld shall be positioned on the90 or 270 centerline during loading so as to be subjected to amaximum stress.9.1.2 When low D-to-t ratio tubular products are tested,because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonablyhigh on the inside surface at the
47、 six and twelve oclocklocations, cracks at these locations shall not be cause forrejection if the D-to-t ratio is less than ten (10).9.2 The results from all calculations are to be rounded totwo decimal places. Examination for cracking shall be by theunaided eye.9.3 Welded tube shall be subjected to a reverse flatteningtest in accordance with Annex 2 of Test Methods and Defini-tions A370. A section of the tube, approximately 4 in. (102mm) long, that is slit
