1、Designation: B 351/B 351M 081Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forHot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Bars, Rod, and Wire for Nuclear Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 351/B 351M; the number immediately following the designation in
2、dicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEAn editorial correction was made in paragraph 1
3、5.2.2.1 in June 2009.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four grades of wrought zirco-nium and zirconium alloy bars, rod, and wire as follows:1.1.1 R60001Unalloyed grade,1.1.2 R60802Zirconium-Tin alloy (Zircaloy 2),1.1.3 R60804Zirconium-Tin alloy (Zircaloy 4), and1.1.4 R60901Zirconium-Niobium allo
4、y.1.2 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion massgain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SIunits are to be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore eachsystem must be used independently of the other. SI value
5、scannot be mixed with inch-pound values.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions of this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to
6、establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 350/B 350M Specification for Zirconium and ZirconiumAlloy Ingots for Nuclear ApplicationE 8/E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Met
7、allicMaterialsE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Testsof Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-BeamExamination by the Contact MethodE 214 Practice for Immerse
8、d Ultrasonic Testing by theReflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves3G 2/G 2M Test Method for Corrosion Testing of Products ofZirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680F360C or in Steam at 750F 400C3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealed, nde
9、notes material that exhibits a recrys-tallized grain structure.3.2 Lot Definition:3.2.1 lot, nmaterial of the same size, shape, condition,and finish produced from the same ingot or powder blend bythe same reduction schedule and the same heat treatmentparameters. Unless otherwise agreed between manuf
10、acturerand purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of a 12 hperiod for final continuous anneal, or to a single furnace loadfor final batch anneal.3.3 Forms Definitions:3.3.1 bar, n:3.3.1.1 rounds, squares and hexagons, n38 in. 9.5 mmand over in diameter or size.3.3.1.2 flats, n14 to 10 in.
11、6.4 to 250 mm inclusive inwidth and18 in. 3.2 mm and over in thickness. Thickness18in. 3.2 mm to under316 in. 4.8 m can be cold-rolled strip aswell as bar.3.3.2 rod, nrounds in coils for subsequent reworking14 to34 in. 6.4 to 19 mm in diameter.3.3.3 wire, nmaterial less than38 in. 9.5 mm in diameter
12、or size, in round, hexagonal, or octagonal cross section,furnished in coils or on spools or reels.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the following information as applicable:4.1.1 Grade (see Section 1),4.1.2 Dimensions and form (see 3.3),1This spec
13、ification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approv
14、ed in 2007 as B 351/B 351M 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved v
15、ersion of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 Chemical analysis of elements not listed (see 6.1.3),4.1.4 Product analysis (see 6.1.1.1),4.1.5 Tensile test temper
16、atures (7.1),4.1.6 Material finish (Section 12),4.1.7 Metallurgical condition (see 8.1 and 8.2),4.1.8 Ultrasonic test standard hole size (see 9.2.2),4.1.9 Additional ultrasonic tests (see 9.2.4),4.1.10 Workmanship standards and methods of inspection(Section 13),4.1.11 Product marking (Section 19), a
17、nd4.1.12 Packaging and package marking (Section 20).4.2 In addition to the data specified in 4.1, the followingoptions and points of agreement between the manufacturer andthe purchaser should be specified on the purchase order asrequired:4.2.1 Tolerances (Section 11),4.2.2 Workmanship standards (Sec
18、tion 13),4.2.3 Special tests (Section 9),4.2.4 Inspection (Section 16),4.2.5 Corrosion visual standards (9.1.2.1), and4.2.6 Oxygen limits (see footnote A, Table 1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be madefrom ingots that conform to Specification B 350/B 35
19、0M andthat are produced by vacuum or plasma arc melting, vacuumelectron-beam melting, a combination of these three methodsor other melting processes conventionally used for reactivemetals. All processes to be done in furnaces usually used forreactive metals.5.2 The various mill products covered by t
20、his specificationshall be formed with the conventional extrusion, forging, orrolling equipment normally found in primary ferrous andnonferrous plants.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The grades of zirconium and zirconium alloy metalcovered by this specification shall conform to the chemicalcomposition req
21、uirements prescribed in Table 1.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements that are inherent to the manufacture ofsponge, ingot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table1
22、 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis forelements not listed in Table 1 shall not be required unlessspecified in the purchase order and shall be considered to be inexcess of the intent of this specification.6.1.2 Elements inten
23、tionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.1.3 When agreed upon by producer and purchaser andrequested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition, Weight %UNS R60001 UNS R60802 UNS R60804 UNS R60
24、901Tin . . . 1.201.70 1.201.70 . . .Iron . . . 0.070.20 0.180.24 . . .Chromium . . . 0.050.15 0.070.13 . . .Nickel . . . 0.030.08 . . . . . .Niobium (columbium) . . . . . . . . . 2.402.80OxygenAAA0.090.15Iron + chromium + nickel . . . 0.180.38 . . . . . .Iron + chromium . . . . . . 0.280.37 . . .Max
25、imum Impurities, Weight %Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075Boron 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005Calcium . 0.0030 0.0030 .Carbon 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027Chromium 0.020 . . . . . . 0.020Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Copper 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Hafnium
26、0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025Iron 0.150 . . . . . . 0.150Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020 0.0020Manganese 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Nickel 0.0070 . . . 0.0070 0.0070Niobium . 0.0100 0.0100 .Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080 0.0080Phospho
27、rus . . . . . . . . . 0.0020Silicon 0.0120 0.0120 0.0120 0.0120Tin 0.0050 . . . . . . 0.010Tungsten 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010Titanium 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050Uranium (total) 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035 0.00035AWhen so specified in the purchase order, oxygen shall be determined and reported. Maximum, mi
28、nimum, or both, permissible values should be specified in thepurchase order.B 351/B 351M 0812chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis, except for hydrogen, oxygen,
29、 andnitrogen content, which shall be determined on the finishedproduct. Alternatively, the manufacturer may sample an inter-mediate or final size during processing with the same fre-quency and in the same positions relative to the ingot, asspecified in Specification B 350/B 350M, to determine thecom
30、position, except for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, whichshall be determined on the finished product.6.3 Check Analysis:6.3.1 Check analysis is an analysis made by the purchaser orthe manufacturer of the metal after it has been processed intofinished mill forms, and is either for the purpose of ver
31、ifyingthe composition of a heat or lot or to determine variations in thecomposition within a heat or lot.6.3.2 Check analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 2.6.3.3 Check analysis tolerances do not broaden the specifiedheat analysis requirements but cover variations between labo-ratories in t
32、he measurement of chemical content.6.3.4 The manufacturer shall not ship material that isoutside the limits specified in Table 1 for the applicable grade.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shallconform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3 whent
33、ested at ambient temperature. Elevated temperature propertiesshall be used to determine compliance only when specified inthe purchase order.7.2 Requirements for mechanical properties do not apply towire.8. Metallurgical Properties8.1 Unless otherwise stated in the purchase order, the coldworked and
34、annealed materials supplied under these specifica-tions shall be in the fully annealed condition, that is, at least90 % recrystallized. The percent recrystallization of hotworked and annealed material shall be as agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and manufacturer at the time of purchase.8.2 Grade R60
35、901 in sizes under 1 in. 25 mm in minimumdimension furnished under this specification shall be in thecold-worked condition unless otherwise specified. Sizes 1 in.25 mm and over in minimum dimension shall be furnished inthe annealed condition unless otherwise specified.8.3 Other conditions, such as c
36、old-worked or stress-relieved, can be specified as agreed upon between the pur-chaser and the manufacturer at the time of purchase.9. Special Requirements9.1 Corrosion Properties:9.1.1 The product shall be corrosion resistant when tested inaccordance with 15.2.4 and shall meet the criterion in 9.1.2
37、.9.1.2 Acceptance Criterion:9.1.2.1 Grades R60802 and R60804All coupons thustested shall exhibit a continuous, black, lustrous oxide film andbe free of white or brown corrosion product in excess ofstandards previously agreed upon between manufacturer andpurchaser. Coupons shall exhibit a weight gain
38、 of not morethan 22 mg/dm2in a 72-h test or 38 mg/dm2in a 336-h test.9.1.2.2 Grade R60901All coupons shall exhibit a con-tinuous, uniform, dark gray oxide film. Coupons shall exhibit aweight gain of not more than 35 mg/dm2in a 72-h test or 60mg/dm2in a 336-h test.9.2 Ultrasonic Inspection:9.2.1 In l
39、ieu of the ultrasonic test of the ingot as specified inSpecification B 350/B 350M, the manufacturer may alterna-tively perform ultrasonic inspection at an intermediate size inaccordance with Practices E114and E 214, with the approvalof the purchaser.9.2.2 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser,
40、 the ref-erence standard shall consist of a 0.06 in. 1.5 mm flat bottomhole drilled perpendicular to the longitudinal product axis to adepth of 0.5 in. 13 mm.9.2.3 Any defect reflections greater than the indication fromthe reference standard should be rejected.9.2.4 Additional tests may be specified
41、 in the purchaseorder. The test method and standards shall be agreed upon inadvance between manufacturer and purchaser.10. Significance of Numerical Limits10.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an obser
42、ved value or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethods of Practice E29.PropertyRounded Unit for Observedor Calculated ValueChemical composition, and toler-ances (when expressed as decimals)nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures of the specifi
43、ed limitTensile strength and yield strength nearest 1000 psi 10 MPaElongation nearest 1 %11. Permissible Variations in Dimensions11.1 Table 4, Permissible variations in sectional dimensionsfor hot-worked bars in rounds and squares.11.2 Table 5, Permissible variations in hot-rolled flat bars orbars s
44、heared from plate.11.3 Table 6, Permissible variations in forged bars.11.4 Table 7, Permissible variations in diameter for cold-finished bars.11.5 Table 8, Permissible variations in diameter for roundwire.11.6 Table 9, Permissible variations in length for hot- orcold-finished bars.TABLE 2 Permissibl
45、e Variations in Product AnalysisAlloying ElementsPermissible Variation from theSpecified Range (Table 1), %Tin 0.050Iron 0.020Chromium 0.010Nickel 0.010Iron + chromium 0.020Iron + chromium + nickel 0.020Niobium 0.050Oxygen 0.020Each Impurity Element 20 ppm or 20 % of the specifiedlimit, whichever is
46、 smallerB 351/B 351M 081311.7 Table 10, Permissible variations in straightness forhot-or cold-finished bars.12. Finish12.1 Hot-worked shapes shall be furnished with one of thefollowing finishes, as designated in the purchase order:12.1.1 Not descaled,12.1.2 Mechanically descaled, or12.1.3 Mechanical
47、ly descaled and pickled.12.1.4 Other as specified in the purchase order.12.2 Cold-worked shapes shall be furnished with one of thefollowing, as designated in the purchase order:12.2.1 Cold-worked,12.2.2 Ground 32 in. 0.8 m rms or better, or12.2.3 Pickled.12.2.4 Other as specified in the purchase ord
48、er.13. Workmanship and Appearance13.1 Cracks, seams, slivers, blisters, burrs, and other inju-rious imperfections shall not exceed standards of acceptabilityagreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.2 Finished bar, rod or wire shall be free of injuriousinternal and external imperfections
49、of a nature that willinterfere with the purpose for which it was intended.13.3 The finished bar, rod or wire shall be visibly free ofoxide, grease, oil, residual lubricants, and other extraneousmaterials.13.4 Methods of testing for these defects and standards ofacceptability shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.13.5 The manufacturer shall be permitted to remove surfaceimperfections provided such removal does not reduce thedimensions below the minimum permitted by the tolerances fo
