1、Designation: B 381 08aStandard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers 39 grades of annealed tita-nium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:1.1.1 Grade F-1Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade F-
3、2Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade F-2HUnalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58ksi minimum UTS),1.1.3 Grade F-3Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade F-4Unalloyed titanium,1.1.5 Grade F-5Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium),1.1.6 Grade F-6Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 %tin),1.1.7 Grade F-7Unalloyed tita
4、nium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.7.1 Grade F-7HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.8 Grade F-9Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium),1.1.9 Grade F-11Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.10 Grade F-12Titanium alloy (0.3 % mol
5、ybdenum,0.8 % nickel),1.1.11 Grade F-13Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.12 Grade F-14Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.13 Grade F-15Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.14 Grade F-16Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.14.1 Grade F-16HU
6、nalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade F-17Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.16 Grade F-18Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.17 Grade F-19Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium,
7、 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),1.1.18 Grade F-20Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.19 Grade F-21Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 %niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),1.1.20 Grade F-23Titanium
8、alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),1.1.21 Grade F-24Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.22 Grade F-25Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.23 Grade F-26Unalloyed titani
9、um plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.23.1 Grade F-26HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.24 Grade F-27Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.25 Grade F-28Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),1.1.26 G
10、rade F-29Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium),1.1.27 Grade F-30Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.28 Grade F-31Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.29 Grade F-32Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 %vanadium, 1
11、% tin, 1 % zirconium, 0.8 % molybdenum),1.1.30 Grade F-33Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.31 Grade F-34Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.32 Grade F-35Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 %molybd
12、enum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),1.1.33 Grade F-36Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),1.1.34 Grade F-37Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and1.1.35 Grade F-38Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium, 1.5 % iron).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactiv
13、e and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 381 08.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, s
14、ee related Specifi-cation SB-381 in Section II of that Code.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1H grade material is identical to the corresponding numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher gua
15、ranteedminimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintended primarily for pressure vessel use.The H grades were added in response to a user association request basedon its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2
16、, 7, 16, and 26 test reports,where over 99 % met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced
17、 Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B 348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Barsand BilletsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE 539 Test Method for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectro
18、metricAnalysis of 6Al-4V Titanium AlloyE 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas FusionThermal Conductivity/Infrared Detec
19、tion MethodE 1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their AlloysE 2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma SpectrometryE 2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1
20、Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bar, na hot rolled, forged or cold worked semifin-ished solid section product whose cross sectional area is lessthan 16 in.2(10 323 mm2).3.1.2 billet, na solid semifinished section, hot rolled orforged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area gr
21、eater than 16in.2(10 323 mm2).3.1.3 forging, nany product of work on metal formed toa desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forgingmachines, upsetters presses or related forming equipment.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for forgings under this specification shall includethe following inf
22、ormation, as applicable:4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),4.1.2 Tensile properties (Table 1),4.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 10),4.1.4 Sampling, mechanical properties (Section 8),4.1.5 Methods for chemical analysis (Section 6),4.1.6 Marking (Section 17),4.1.7 Packaging (Section 17),4.1.8 Certi
23、fication (Section 16),4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 14), and4.1.10 Supplementary requirements (S1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material conforming to the latest revision of Specifica-tion B 348 shall be used when producing forgings to thisspecification.6. Chemical Composition6.
24、1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal coveredby this specification shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 2.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloyadditions or elements which are inherent to the manufacturer oftitanium sponge, i
25、ngot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table2 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis forelements not listed in Table 2 shall not be re
26、quired unlessspecified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intentof this specification.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser andrequested by the purchaser in his
27、written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis tolerances do notbroaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between laboratories in the measurement of chemi-cal
28、content. The manufacturer shall not ship material which isoutside the limits specified in Table 2 for the applicable grade.Product analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 3.6.4 SamplingSamples for chemical analysis shall be rep-resentative of material being tested. Except for hydrogen andunle
29、ss otherwise specified, chemical analysis of ingot or billetshall be reported. Samples for hydrogen determination shall beobtained from the forgings on a test basis and a frequency asagreed upon between the forger and the purchaser. The utmostcare must be used in sampling titanium for chemical analy
30、sisbecause of its great affinity for elements such as oxygen,nitrogen, and hydrogen. Therefore, the cutting and handling ofsamples should include practices that will prevent contamina-tion. Samples shall be collected from clean metal.6.5 At least two samples for chemical analysis shall betested to d
31、etermine chemical composition. Samples shall betaken from opposite extremes of the product to be analyzed.7. Methods of Chemical Analysis7.1 The chemical analysis shall normally be conductedusing theASTM standard test methods referenced in 2.1. Otherindustry standard methods may be used where the AS
32、TM testmethods in 2.1 do not adequately cover the elements in the3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webs
33、ite.B 381 08a2TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsAGradeTensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min or RangeElongation in 4D,min, %Reduction of Area,min, %ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)F-1 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-2HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-4 80 (55
34、0) 70 (483) 15 25F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25F-7 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-7HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-9D90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-11 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 25F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30
35、F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-16HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-17 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-18D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-19E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-19F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20F-19G165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-20
36、E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-20F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20F-20G165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-21E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35F-21F140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30F-21G170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8 20F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-23D120 (828) 110 (759)
37、 7.5H,6.0I25F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-26HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-27 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-28D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-29D120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5H,6.0I15F-30 50 (345) 40 (2
38、75) 20 30F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20F-36 65 (450) 60 to 95 (410 to 655) 10 .F-37 50 (345) 31 (215) 20 30F-38 130 (895) 115 (794) 10 25AThese properties apply to forgings having a cross
39、section no greater than 3 in.2(1935 mm2). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross sections shall benegotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.BMaterial is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade F-2H = Grade F-2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum
40、 UTS, and may be dual certifiedwith its corresponding numeric grade. Grade F-2H, F-7H, F-16H, and F-26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.CThe H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports whe
41、re over 99%met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.DProperties for material in transformed-beta condition.EProperties for material in the solution treated condition.FProperties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).GProperties for solution treated and aged co
42、ndition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).HFor product section or wall thickness values 30 60.50Nitrogen 0.05 +0.02Oxygen 0.30 +0.03Oxygen 0.31 to 0.40 60.04Palladium 0.01 to 0.02 60.002Palladium 0.04 to 0.08 60.005Palladium 0.12 to 0.25 60.02Ruthenium 0.02 to 0.04 60.005Ruthenium 0.04
43、 to 0.06 60.005Ruthenium 0.08 to 0.14 60.01Silicon 0.06 to 0.40 60.02Tin 0.6 to 3.0 60.15Vanadium 0.6 to 4.5 60.15Vanadium 7.5 to 8.5 60.40Zirconium 0.6 to 1.4 60.15Zirconium 3.5 to 4.5 60.20ResidualsA(each) 0.15 +0.02AA residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities andis
44、 inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titaniumthese elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, iron, chromium, molybdenum,niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper,silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.B 38
45、1 08a6SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS COVERING GRADE F3 TITANIUM FORGINGSThe following supplementary requirements are primarily intended for U.S. military applications andshall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order.S1. U.S. Military Requir
46、ementsS1.1 Referenced Documents section follows.S1.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the seller is responsible for the performance of allinspection and test requirements in this specification, and theseller may use his or other suitable facilities for the perfor-mance of
47、 the inspection and testing.S1.3 Grade F-3 composition shall be modified as follows:Hydrogen 0.0125 maxIron 0.20 maxOxygen 0.26 maxS1.4 Two tensile specimens shall be taken from each lot offorgings up to and 125 pounds, and two tensile specimens shallbe taken from each forging greater than 125 pound
48、s forverification of compliance with Grade F-3 mechanical proper-ties of Table 3. A lot shall constitute all forgings from the sameheat, of the same design and size and heat treated in the sameheat treat furnace load. The test specimens shall be taken fromintegral prolongations or extra forgings may
49、 be provided by theforger. Forgings under 312 in. (90 mm) in cross section may useseparately forged test bars provided the wall thickness andamount of working are equivalent to the forgings beingsupplied. Extra forgings may be provided for samples whenforgings are over 312 in. (90 mm) in cross section providedsamples cannot be taken from prolongations or by trepanning.Samples shall be taken from the section of forging having thelargest cross section. The longitudinal axis of the tensilespecimens shall be parallel to the major dire
